Meeting the Challenge of Yellow Rust in Cereal Crops - ICARDA

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Table 1 presents superior varieties and advanced lines selected from
multilocation trials over three locations (Hissar, Isfara and Vakhsh) during the
period 2005–2008. Several of the varieties and advanced lines combine
resistance to yellow rust with high grain yield and good baking quality. The
varieties and advanced lines showing highest gluten content are Vahdat
(26.7%), Yusufi (24.1%), Isfara (23.8%), Norman (23.6%), Iqbol (23.4%),
SHARK/F4105W2.1 (22.2%) and Sarvar (21.6%). The lowest gluten content is
found in varieties like Somoni (16.5%), Jagger (16.6%) and Attila (18.6%). For
measuring the strength and elasticity of wheat gluten, the Gluten Deformation
Index (GDI) was measured using the Gluten Deformation Instrument IDK-3M
from Russia. According to the references, GDI levels from 0 to 15 are
characterized as unsatisfactory strong, from 20 to 40 as satisfactory strong,
from 45 to 75 as satisfactory, from 80 to 100 as satisfactory weak, and from 105
to 120 as unsatisfactory weak. The results indicate that a high frequency of
varieties and advanced are satisfactory (IDK values 45 to 75), in particular
Navruz, Alex and Vahdat, but also SHARK/F4105W2.1, Sarvar, Isfara, Attila,
Yusufi, Jagger and Ormon. The remaining varieties and advanced lines in
Table 1 are all characterized as satisfactory or satisfactory weak (IDK values
from 80–100), namely Kauz, Tacikar, Somoni, Ziroat 70, Norman and Iqbol.
The 1000-kernel weight of the selected varieties and lines ranged from 33.3
to 43.0 g.
Table 1. Grain yield and reaction to yellow rust (2005–2008)
No. Genotype
Source
Grain yield
(t/ha)
YR
(%)
1000-kernel
weight (g)
Gluten
content (%)
1 Navruz Tajikistan 3.56 50 35.9 21.6 67.4
2 Jagger USA, Kansas 3.70 20 34.2 16.6 76.6
3 Somoni 3.81 10 43.0 16.5 85.0
4 Alex 1WWERYT #11 4.70 10 38.3 20.7 69.5
5 Tacikar 5FAWWON #35 4.20 20 37.8 20.2 83.8
6 Norman 5FAWWON #37 4.42 10 38.1 23.6 87.0
7 Iqbol 5EYT-IR 4.90 0 37.6 23.4 94.3
8 Ormon 8FAWWON#36 4.41 0 37.8 18.9 76.9
9 Attila 4.00 10 38.2 18.6 76.2
10 Kauz 5.63 0 33.9 20.7 83.7
11 Ziroat-70 5.20 0 40.8 20.3 85.3
12 SHARK/F4105W2.1 4.47 0 41.7 22.2 70.6
13 Yusufi 25ESWYT #22 5.40 0 46.3 24.1 76.5
14 Isfara 25ESWYT #5 4.38 0 36.0 23.8 73.0
15 Sarvar 25ESWYT #9 4.25 0 30.9 21.6 71.7
16 Vahdat 25ESWYT #31 4.68 0 32.7 26.7 57.7
NOTES: GDI = Gluten deformation index
GDI*