Meeting the Challenge of Yellow Rust in Cereal Crops - ICARDA

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334 References Allison, C. & Isenbeck, K. 1930. Biologisch specialisierung von Puccinia glumarum tritici Eriks and Henn. Phytopathologische Zeitschrift, 2: 87–98. Ben Yehuda, P., Eilam, T., Manisterski, J., Shimoni, A. & Akster, Y. 2004. Leaf rust on Aegilops speltoides caused by a new forma specialis of Puccinia triticina. Phytopathology, 94: 94–101. Hovmoller, M.S. 2001. Disease severity and pathotype dynamics of Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici in Denmark. Plant Pathology, 50: 181–189. Johnson, R. & Taylor, A.J. 1972. Isolates of Puccinia striiformis collected in England from the wheat varieties Maris Beacon and Joss Combier. Nature, 238: 105–106. Line, R.F. 2002. Stripe Rust of wheat and barley in North America: A retrospective historical review. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 40: 75–118. McIntosh, R.A. & Brown, G.N. 1997. Anticipatory breeding for resistance to rust diseases in wheat. Annual Review of Phytopathology, 35: 311–326. Nazari, K., Torabi, M., Dehghan, M.A., Ognum, R., Ahmadian-Moghaddam, M.S. & Fallah, H. 2000. Virulence factors of Puccinia striiformis and reaction of improved cultivars and advanced lines to yellow rust in Northern provinces of Iran. Seed and Plant, 16: 393–424. Peterson, R.F., Campbell, A.B. & Hannah, A.E. 1948. A diagrammatic scale for estimating rust intensity of leaves and stems on cereals. Canadian Journal of Research, 26c(5): 496–500. Roelfs, A.P., Singh, R.P. & Saari, E.E. 1992. Rust Diseases of Wheat: Concepts and Methods of Disease Management. CIMMYT, Mexico D.F., Mexico. 81 p. Wellings, C.R. & Mclntosh, R.A. 1990. Puccinia striiformis f.sp. tritici in Australasia: pathogenic changes during first 10 years. Plant Pathology, 34: 316–325. Yahyaoui, A. 2006. Monitoring stripe rust in the Caucasus, Central and West Asia and North Africa (CWANA). In: Abstracts of the Third Regional Yellow Rust Conference, Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 8–11 June 2006. [This volume]. Yahyaoui, A.H., Hakim, M.S., Nazari, K., Torabi, M. and Wellings, C.R. 2001. yellow rust (P. striiformis f.sp. tritici) in central and western Asia. Abstracts of First Regional Yellow Rust Conference for Central & West Asia and North Africa. 8–14 May 2001, Karaj, Iran. Zadoks, J.C. 1961. Yellow rust of wheat. Studies in epidemiology and physiologic specialisation. Tijdschrift over plantezieken [Netherlands Journal of Plant Pathology], 67: 69–256.
An overview of results of five years of wheat yellow rust trap nurseries in Iran 335 F. Afshari 1 , K. Nazari, 1 M. Patpour, 1 M. Atahosaini, 2 S. Rejaei, 3 M. Dehgan, 4 S. Safavei, 5 M. Nasrolahi, 6 T. Dadrezaei, 7 R. Hoshyar, 8 M. Hassanpour-Hosni, 9 S. Kemangar, 10 S. Ebrahimnejad, 11 M. Chaeichei, 12 F. Jebalbarez, 13 A. Kohkan, 14 M. Galandar, 15 R. Hagparast, 16 K. Shahbazi, 17 Z.H. Bayat 1 and S. Sarkarei 17 1. Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Karaj, Islamic Republic of Iran 2. Khorasan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 3. Fars Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 4. Golestan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 5. Ardabil Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 6. Lorestan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 7. Khozastan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 8. E. Azarbaijan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 9. Dari Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 10. Kordestan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 11. Mazanderan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 12. Hamadan Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 13. Kerman Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 14. Zabol Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 15. Markazi Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 16. Kermanshah Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran 17. Ardabil, Agricultural Research Centre, Islamic Republic of Iran Introduction Stripe [yellow] rust disease has been a major problem of wheat production in most parts of Iran over the last 15 years. Wheat stripe rust epidemics in certain regions of Iran caused significant crop losses over several seasons in the 1990s, with the detection of virulence for Yr9 in 1993. Cv. Falat, a high yielding wheat cultivar with Yr7 and Yr9, became susceptible with the appearance of a new pathotype, and crop losses due to that were estimated to be 1.5 million tonne (Torabi et al., 1995). There are three main broad factors in epidemic development. Firstly, an environmental effect, such as a mild winter, that is ideal for rust development. Thus the yellow rust epidemic in Mogan, Iran, in 1993 was exacerbated by extended moderate (10–20°C) wet spring weather in a region that normally experiences rapid temperature increase. The second
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Meeting the Challenge of Yellow Rus
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iii Foreword Wheat is grown on roug
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v Preface The Central and West Asia
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vii About this publication This vol
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ix 2nd Regional Yellow Rust Confere
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Meeting the Challenge of Yellow Rus
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4 Epidemiology of wheat yellow rust
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6 Prevalent yellow rust pathotypes
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8 Pakistan Dr Badaruddin Soomro, PA
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10 Dr Naeem Ahmad, Wheat Research I
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Yellow rust of wheat in Nepal: an o
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inoculum originating from infected
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17 Control Efforts were made to dev
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Karki, C.B. 1994. Genetics of rust
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No virulence was observed on plants
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23 Results and discussion In the tw
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Virulence to yellow rust resistance
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and Yr27, the seedling data may not
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Yield evaluations of the PBW 343- a
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variation for yellow rust resistanc
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A number of Kauz-derived cvs, e.g.
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Kisana, S.N., Mujahid, Y.M. & Musta
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37 Material and methods Wheat nurse
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Challenge of a new race of Puccinia
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41 Table 1. Response of the yellow
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43 Occurrence and importance of yel
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To better explain the differences i
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Weather data were taken from the ne
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Disease progress stopped, in genera
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Roelfs, A.P. 1985. Epidemiology in
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The wheat stripe rust pathogen over
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55 6E150A+ 4E8A+ 6E130A+ 130E2A+ 6E
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Agriculture-guided evolution of pat
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Yr SD, Yr SU and YrA was observed.
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The data presented in Table 3 show
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Kirmani, M.A.S. 1980. Comparative e
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ust infection at the CIMMYT station
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67 Table 1. Estimation of the numbe
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Resistance to stripe rust disease o
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may be from the Aegilops parent as
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McNeal, F.H., Konzak, C.F., Smith,
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Disease severity (percentage of rus
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77 Table 2. Genetic analysis of res
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Defence mechanisms against rust, an
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for the biosynthesis of a large num
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components of the signalling pathwa
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Xing, T., Wang, X.J., Malik, K. & M
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provided for final decision regardi
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spreader, cv. Morocco. The data was
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91 Table 4A. Entries included in Na
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93 Table 5A. Entries in the Nationa
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95 References Ahmad, S., Rodriguez,
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Yellow rust (YR) is one of the most
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99 Table 1. Yellow rust reaction of
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101 100 90 80 CHECKS IW IWWIP CAC E
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• To investigate the effectivenes
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105 Figure 1. Locations of yellow r
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Table 2. Terminal reaction of diffe
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Isogenic lines possessing Yr9 and Y
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Inqilab 91 at Nowshera, Swabi and M
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Selection of yellow rust-resistant
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These genotypes—depending on the
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Reaction of some international whea
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nurseries were irrigated with mist
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Name Pedigree Source 23 Tevee'S'//B
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Name Pedigree Source 71 NS732/HER S
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Name Pedigree Source 41 Gcn/4/D68-1
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127 Role of yellow rust-resistance
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genes, such as with Yr6 in cultivar
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Dubin, H.J., Johnson, R. & Stubbs,
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134 Yellow rust of wheat in Ethiopi
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136 Virulence of stripe rust on dif
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138 Turkey, Lebanon and Syria. Race
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140 Evaluation of seedling and adul
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142 of resistance not only to yello
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144 Yellow rust reaction, disease d
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146
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148 Outputs of the ten years of eva
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150 Characterization of resistance
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152 Results of testing winter wheat
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154 Dr Valentina Ibragimoval, Kyrgy
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156 Surveys of yellow rust populati
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158 nurseries. ICARDA, at its headq
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160 Table 2. Yellow rust differenti
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162 Table 4. Selected elite cultiva
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164 Table 7 shows the relative effe
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166 Table 8. Field reaction of whea
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168 Syria, Lebanon, Iran and Turkey
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170 Regional Conference on Yellow R
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172 moderate and high levels of res
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174 Umanka. The same disease reacti
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176 genes Yr1, Yr2, Yr6, Yr7, Yr8 a
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178 Table 3. Resistance to yellow r
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180 Monitoring bread wheat genotype
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182 3000 masl. Susceptible check cv
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184 Table3. Disease severity and re
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186 with great effect, particularly
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188 Conclusion Relatively old bread
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191 Abstracts of other papers prese
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193 Global perspectives in wheat ye
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195 Yellow rust in Central and West
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197 Outputs of the ten-year evaluat
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199 Yellow rust resistance of bread
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201 Influence of weather conditions
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203 Virulent pathotypes of yellow r
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associated with a greater yielding
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een based on a single major gene or
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209 Monitoring stripe [yellow] rust
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211 Pathotype and molecular variabi
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Functional analysis of yellow rust
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215 Study on resistance reaction of
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217 Resistance of International Win
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219 Researching the influence of an
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Australian pathotypes of Puccinia s
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and cultural practices have been ad
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225 Development of a detached leaf
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227 Virulence variation of Puccinia
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intervals and also as the border of
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231 Virus-induced gene silencing in
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233 Inheritance of resistance to ye
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generated from monogenically segreg
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• slow-rusting genes: Yr9, Yr12,
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239 Meeting the Challenge of Yellow
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241 Contents List of participants i
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Resistance response of promising wh
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Constructing physical and genomic m
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Inheritance of yellow rust resistan
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249 Algeria List of participants Dr
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Tajikistan Prof. Dr Hafiz Muminjano
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Identification of effective and dur
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For each resistant genotype (Table
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257 Figure 1. AUDPC of ineffective
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259 Figure 3. AUDPC of susceptible
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Among the wheat lines tested, 51% c
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263 Introduction Wheat (Triticum ae
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wheat germplasm lines from were tes
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An analysis of the 2009 epidemic of
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Overall yield loss estimation A gen
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271 Table 4a. Monthly mean temperat
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Further studies on Yr9 virulent pat
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evaluation, these varieties were ha
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277 Table 1. Genotype response to p
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may result in losses of up to 70% i
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Table 1A. Wheat yellow rust scenari
Page 293 and 294: 283 Table 1C. Wheat yellow rust sce
Page 295 and 296: 285 No. Cultivar/Yr genes Yellow ru
Page 297 and 298: Roelfs, A.P., Singh. R.P. & Saari,
Page 299 and 300: 289 Materials and methods This stud
Page 301 and 302: ineffective (Yahyaoui et al., 2004)
Page 303 and 304: Combining high yield potential and
Page 305 and 306: Breeding for yellow rust-resistant
Page 307 and 308: It is evident from Table 3 that Lu2
Page 309 and 310: 299 Table 4. Rust reactions in hot-
Page 311 and 312: Evaluation of Indian wheat genotype
Page 313 and 314: components individually is quite la
Page 315 and 316: 305 Table 1. Grouping of AVT-2nd ye
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Page 319 and 320: seedling resistance and adult plant
Page 321 and 322: The cultivars expressing an infecti
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Page 327 and 328: twice that of resistant ones. When
Page 329 and 330: nurseries from Oklahoma University
Page 331 and 332: 321 Figure 1. Map of the Republic o
Page 333 and 334: 323 % 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
Page 335 and 336: In comparison with the local variet
Page 337 and 338: 327 Introduction Wheat (Triticum ae
Page 339 and 340: Virulence and avirulence factors of
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Page 347 and 348: combinations of adult plant resista
Page 349 and 350: Sources of resistance to wheat stri
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Page 353 and 354: In our breeding programme we are lo
Page 355 and 356: 345 Introduction Stripe Rust of whe
Page 357 and 358: Table 1. Adult plant infection type
Page 359 and 360: Dehghani, H., Moghadam, M.R., Ghann
Page 361 and 362: species in the region determined th
Page 363 and 364: 353 Table 4. The materials tested f
Page 365 and 366: Breeding for resistance to rust dis
Page 367 and 368: diseases, powdery mildew, sunn pest
Page 369 and 370: 359 References Dzhunusova, M., Yahy
Page 371 and 372: high yielding widely grown cultivar
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Page 375 and 376: Of the yellow rust samples collecte
Page 377 and 378: 367 Abstracts of other papers prese
Page 379 and 380: 369 Monitoring pathogen dynamics in
Page 381 and 382: 1980s. Occurrence of virulence for
Page 383 and 384: 373 Race changes of Puccinia striif
Page 385 and 386: 375 High-temperature, adult-plant (
Page 387 and 388: types with race Pst-3 than with Pst
Page 389 and 390: 379 Investigation of genetic resist
Page 391 and 392: 381 Gene sequencing reveals heterok
Page 393 and 394: 383 Molecular characterization of w
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papillae, cell wall appositions and
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infection are obtained through arti
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2000 masl; Ae. cylindrica is locate
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391 Reaction of winter facultative
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393 Yellow rust in the south of Ukr
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395 Study of diverse winter wheat g
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397 Yellow rust epidemics and virul
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399 Wheat yellow rust situation in
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401 Inheritance of yellow rust resi
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infection of the pathogen for four
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Club and other susceptible wheat cv
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407 Selection of wheat cultivars fo
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conditions. In 2006 and 2008, due t
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411 Regulation of development of ye
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