Meeting the Challenge of Yellow Rust in Cereal Crops - ICARDA

diseases, powdery mildew, sunn pest and Cereal Leaf Beatle, and general
stand in the field.
The analysis of data was performed according to the methods of the State
Commission Variety Trials (SCVI, Moscow, 1978).
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Result and discussion
Monitoring of the yellow rust population started in 1999 based on the
CWAYRTN distributed by ICARDA. The results of reaction to yellow rust of
CWAYRTN differentials in the Chui region of Kyrgyzstan indicated that genes
most effective against Puccinia striiformis are Yr2+, Yr4+, Yr5, Yr10 and Yr15,
which demonstrated R-MR infection types.
Evaluation to rust diseases for 34 winter and facultative wheat varieties
released in Kyrgyzstan has shown that 7 varieties were resistant (R); 14
varieties were MR infection types; 9 varieties were MS infection types; and 4
varieties were susceptible to yellow rust (Azibrosh, Vinjett, Kasiet,
Krasnovodopadskaya 25, Zubkov, Kairak, Merim- MIS) (Table 1).
Table 1. Agronomic data and disease reaction for yellow and leaf rusts and powdery
mildew of commercial wheat varieties in Kyrgyzstan (Demo-Plot, 2008, MIS-Farm,
Chui region)
Cultivar Origin YR LR PM
Heading
date
Protein
%
Gluten Yield (t/ha)
% Chui
Issyk-Kul
Intensivnaya,st Kyrgyzstan 80S MS S 14.05 13.6 30.7 6.2 8.7
Azibrosh MIS-CIT R R R 16.05 13.0 25.5 7.2 8.8
Vinjett Sweden R R R 20.05 15.3 29.9 5.7 9.1
Kyal Kyrgyzstan R R R 17.05 13.0 26.5 6.9 9.2
Krasnovod 25 Kazakhstan R MR R 13.05 14.0 27.9 6.1 8.2
Zubkov MIS-CIT R MR R 16.05 13.2 27.0 7.3 9.6
Kasiet Kyrgyzstan R MS MR 24.05 14.5 29.0 6.9 8.8
Kairak Kyrgyzstan R MR S 17.05 13.6 27.8 6.8 8.6
Merim-MIS MIS-CIT R MS MR 18.05 13.5 27.0 7.4 9.2
NOTES : YR = yellow rust; LR = leaf rust; PM = powdery mildew.
The 2nd International Yellow Rust Trap Nursery (2nd IYRTN 2007–2008)
including a standard set of differentials, commercial cultivars and lines (50
samples) of wheat and was studied in 2 locations.
Virulence for Yr5 (Avocet) and Yr17/6*(AOC) occurred in Issyk-Kul region,
but not in Chui region. Virulence for Yr8 (Avocet) was high in two different
ecological zones (Table 2).