health and safety plan solid waste management unit assessment

JP-4 (JET FUEL 4) 64-16
adsorbent ability. Temperature and pH did not have an important effect
over naturally occurring ranges; increasing salinity produced a small
increase in hydrocarbon adsorption. Reversible adsorption was observed
in experiments with benzenes and naphthalenes; strong sorbent-sorbate
bonding (chemisorption) does not occur with light hydrocarbons found in
JP-4 fuel.
In the vicinity of Prague airport (18X), release of aviation
kerosene (similar to JP-4) resulted in extensive soil/ground-water
contamination. The petroleum hydrocarbons spread as a separate organic
phase as well as dissolved contsmfnants in the aquifer. In porous
formations, pollution caused by the oil phase extended tens of hundreds
of meters, while the contamination from dissolved hydrocarbons extended
hundreds to thousands of meters. Within five months, a l-m thick layer
of oil extended 700 P by 200 m on the surface of the ground-water
aquifer; an area of 15 km2 was polluted by the dissolved hydrocarbons.
The transport of JP-4 contamination to ground-water aquifers and
subsequent dissolution of JP-4 hydrocarbons in ground water have been
discussed in several papers (1811,1845,2245,2241,1849). Crude oil and
petroleum products have been shown to produce qualitatively similar
water-soluble fractions (1849,2241,2248,2250). The water-soluble
portion of JP-4 distillate fractions were shown to be almost entirely
aromatic (87-99%) even though the distillate fuels themselves were
UlY aliphatic in nature: the aliphatic hydrocarbons either
volatilized (