health and safety plan solid waste management unit assessment

FUEL OILS 66-26
Iso-octg~lf:
(2,2,4-trimethylpentane)
The iso-octanes are moderately toxic by the oral route. If
aspirated into the lungs of rats, they will cause pulmonary lesions.
When injected intramuscularly into rabbits, iso-octane produced
hemorrhage, edema, interstitial pneumonitis, abscess formation,
thrombosis and fibrosis. Inhalation of 16,000 ppm caused respiratory
arrest in mice and 5 minutes exposure to 1000 ppm was highly irritating
(1937).
Methylcyclopentane resembles cyclopentana in its toxicity.
Cyclopentane is a CNS depressant. Humans can tolerate lo-15 ppm. In
mice, 38 ppm causes loss of reflexes, narcosis and death demonstrating
that no safety margin exists. Methylcyclopentane also exhibits no
safety margin between the'onset of narcosis and death. When applied to
guinea pig skin, cyclopentane produced dryness and slight, erythema.
Methylcyclopentane would be expected to have the same effect (12).
Methvlcvclohexane
No systemic poisonings by methylcyclohexane have been reported in
man. At high vapor concentrations ft causes narcosis in animals and it
is expected that it would produce the same effect in humans. The
no-effect level is about 300 ppm in primates and 1200 ppm in rabbits.
Rabbits did not survive 70 minutes of exposure to 15,227 ppm. Death
was preceded by conjunctival congestion, dyspnea, severe convulsions
and rapid narcosis. There were no signs of intoxication in rabbits
exposed to 2880 ppm for a total of 90 hours, but slight cellular injury
was observed in the liver and kidneys. In primates, lethal
concentrations caused mucous secretion, lacrimation, salivation,
labored breathing and diarrhea.
'In chronic inhalation studies, exposure to 2000 ppm, 6 hours per
bY* 5 days per week for 2 years produced no tumors in rats, mice,
hamsters or dogs. The only significant toxic effect found was renal
changes in male rats. These included renal tubular dilation, papillary
hyperplasia and medullary mineralization.
Dermal application of the liquid produced local Irritation,
thickening and ulceration (12,46,54,17,1936).
Cyclohexane is a CNS depressant of low toxicity. symptoms of
acute exposure are excitement, loss of equilibrium, stupor and coma.
Rarely, death results due to respiratory failure. The anesthesia which
is induced is weak and of brief duration but more potent than that
caused by hexane. The oral LoLo in rabbits ranges from 5.5 to 6.0
g/kg. Within 1.5 hours the animals exhibited severe diarrhea,
widespread vascular damage and collapse. Degenerative lesions were
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