health and safety plan solid waste management unit assessment

AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE 65-33
Isopropyl alcohol has moderate narcotic properties. Ingestion
causes CNS depression and it is expected that sustained inhalation of
high vapor concentrations will produce the same effect. It is also
irritating to the eyes and mucous membranes (2.46). An oral LD,, of
5840 q/kg was reported for the rat (47).
65.3.4 Levels of Concern
The ACGIH (3) recommends an occupational exposure limit of 300 ppm
for automotive gasoline, with a short-term exposure limit of 500 ppm.
No other criteria or standards have been established with regard
to human health and safety.
65.3.5 Hazard Assessment
A single study (2298) on the potential carcinogenic effects,of
gasoline is available. Mice and rats were exposed by inhalation to the
vapors of unleaded gasoline (benzene content, 21), 6 hours per day, 5
days per week for two years. Exposure levels ranged from 67 to 2056
PPa- Dose-related renal carcinomas were observed in gasoline-exposed
male rats. The significance of the sex-specific and species-specific
findings is unclear. Mutagenicity studies suggest no genotoxic effects
for unleaded gasoline (2301,2303,2300,2304). Negative teratogenic
findings were also reported (2228). although details are lacking.
Animals studies indicate kidney damage is the predominant toxic
effect of acute ‘ingestion and chronic inhalation exposure to unleaded
gasoline (2290,2294). Pulmonary changes (fibrosis and sclerosis) were
also evident with inhalation exposure (2296).
Humans exposed via inhalation to 500-1000 ppm gasoline for 30 to
60 minutes develop ataxia, drowsiness and dizziness; levels of
1000-3000 ppm result in irritation, headache, nausea and vomiting;
exposure to greater than 5000 ppm can cause deep anesthesia within
minutes, and occasionally, coma and death (2277.2284).
Ingestion of 20 to 50 g of gasoline may produce severe intoxication
in adults (12). Symptoms of poisoning are similar to those
noted above for inhalation exposures.
65.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDgFUTIONS
Determination of the presence of automotive gasoline in soil and
water requires collection of a representative field sample and
laboratory analysis for the specific major components attributed to
gasoline; however, the relative concentrations of the constituents, and
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