health and safety plan solid waste management unit assessment

JP-4 (JET NEL 4) 64-23
In tests conducted in New Zealand white rabbits, both petroleumand
shale-derived JP-4 produced no signs of irritation when 0.1 mL of
undiluted material was applied to eyes. Both fuel types were also
tested for primary skin irritation on intact and abraded rabbit skin.
. Undiluted material (0.5 mL) was applied and covered for 24 hours.
Neither fuel type caused any irritation after 24 hours. By 72 hours,
moderate erythema was seen in both instances. Shale-derived JP-4
caused mild edema compared to none in the petroleum-derived JP-4 group.
After one week, mild edema and erythema were seen in the shale-derived
JP-4 group, in the petroleum-derived group there was mild exfoliation
and erythema but no edema. In skin sensitization tests conducted in
guinea pigs, petroleum-derived JP-4 exhibited no sensitization
response. In contrast, shale-derived JP-4 demonstrated responses
indicative of a mild to moderate sensitizer (1930).
No us0 data were found for JP-4. An oral LO,, of 20 g/kg has
been reported for kerosene in guinea pigs (47).
64.3.1.4.2 Chronic Toxicity
Chronic inhalation studies have been conducted with JP-4 in
various species..
Whole body vapor exposures to petroleum-derived JP-4 were
conducted in beagle dogs, Fischer 344 rats and C57BL/6 mice for 90
days * The animals were exposed to 500 or 1000 mg/a continuously.
Animals were sacrificed immediately following the exposure period.
Histopathology revealed significant exposure-related lesions in both
rodent species. In female mice, the incidence of centrilobular
hepatocellular fatty change was 88% in the low-dose group and 89% in
the high-dose group. These lesions were absent in the control group
and were thought to be the result of mild reversible toxic insult. In
male rats, 100% of the kidneys in both groups exhibited hyaline droplet
formation in the proximal tubular epithelium. In 96% and 100% of the
low- and high-dose males, respectively, the renal tubules near the
corticomedullary junction were dilated and plugged with necrotic cell
debris. All lesions found in exposed and control dogs were changes
consistent with aging and not due to JP-4 exposure (1933).
In a go-day study on shale-derived JP-4, Fischer 344 rats and
C57BL/6 mice were given whole body vapor exposures to 400 or 1000 mg/me
continuously. Groups of animals were sacrificed immediately after
exposure and at 2 weeks, 2 months and 9 months post-exposure. Blood
values at all post-exposure periods were all within normal limits. In
the male rats, there was a significant difference in kidney and liver
weights in the animals sacrificed immediately after exposure. ThiS
difference was no longer present 9 months post-exposure (1936).
Intermittent whole body vapor exposures at higher levels for 8
months failed to show any treatment-related histopathologic effects in
dogs, rats, mice or monkeys; vapor level exposures were 2500 or 5000
mg/ms, 6 hours per day, 5 days per week. The only abnormalities
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