health and safety plan solid waste management unit assessment

STODDARD SOLVENT 67-8
67.1 MAJOR USES AND COMPOSITION
67.1.1 Major Uses
Stoddard solvent is produced from a straight-run distillate of
paraffinic or mixed base crude oil. It is used as a diluent in paints,
coatings and waxes; as a dry cleaning agent: as a degreaser and cleaner
and as a herbicide (2).
67.1.2 Composition
Stoddard solvent is a mixture of C, through C,, hydrocarbons,
predominantly C, through C,,, with a boiling range between 16O'C to
21O'C. Flashpoint dry-point test and odor data are used to classify
Stoddard solvent into the following four types: regular Stoddard
solvent, 140 flash solvent, odorless solvent, and low end point
solvent. Chemically, Stoddsrd solvent is a mixture of 30-50% straight
and branched alkanes, 30-40% cycloalkanes, and lo-20% aromatics.
Benzene and olefins are present in trace quantities only (1967,2228).
The 140 flash aliphatic solvent is composed of organic compounds with
carbon chain lengths ranging from CS to C12. Its boiling range is
185-207'C and it is composed of 60.8% paraffins, 24.5%
monocycloparaffins, 11.2% dicycloparaffins, 3.03% alkyl benzenes, 0.3%
indans and tetralins, and 0.07% benzenes (1967). Both types will be
discussed in some sections of the chapter which follows.
A characterization of the individual hydrocarbon components of
Stoddard solvent was not available. Table 67-l presents the available
characterization by chemical classes.
67.2 ENVIRONMENTAL FATE AND EXPOSURE PATHWAYS
A discussion of the environmental behavior of Stoddard solvent is
limited by the lack of analytical data defining its specific
components. Many of the hydrocarbons expected to be components of
Stoddard solvent were addressed previously in the more extensive
environmental fate section of ChapteE 64. The general discussions of
aliphatfc and aromatic hydrocarbons and their behavior in
soil/ground-water systems will not be repeated here: the reader is
referred to the relevant sections of Chapter 64.
67.2.1 Equilibrium Partitioning Model
.In general, soil/ground-water transport pathways for low
concentrations of pollutants in soil can be assessed by using an
equilibrium partitioning model. For the purposes of assessing the
,environmental transport of Stoddard solvent, a group of specific
hydrocarbons within the c,-cl, range was selected from the dominant
hydrocarbon classes, i.e., alkanes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics; there
are no available data to confirm the presence of the selected
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