health and safety plan solid waste management unit assessment

AUTOHOTIVE GASOLINE 65-22
Tests for teratogenicity induced by the inhalation of unleaded
gasoline gave negativa results. No additional details were reported
(2228).
65.3.1.4 Other Toxicologic Effects
65.3.1.4.1 Short-Term Toxicity
Gasolines generally act as anesthetics. They are also mucous
membrane irritants (2). An oral LDSO of 13.6 g/kg was reported in the
rat for unleaded gasoline. A single dose of 18 g/kg produced 90%
mortality. A significant degree of gastrointestinal distress was
observed. Necropsy revealed hemorrhagic gastroenteritis, gastrointestinal
tympani and pneumonia with abscess formation (1924).
Acute anesthetic and toxic effects of gasoline vapors were studied
as early as 1921 in dogs. Central nemous system effects were observed
at approximately 10,000 ppm, and death at about 25,000 ppm (2290).
Toxicity of a gasoline component mixture was evaluated in a
short-term inhalation study performed by Halder & a. (2292). A blend
consisting of 25% (w/w) each of n-butane, n-pentane, isobutane and
isopentane was vaporized to more closely approximate ambient exposure
(in contrast to complete volatilization). Rats exposed to 44, 432 or
4437 ppm of vapor for 6 hours per day, 5 days per week for 3 weeks
showed no clinical signs of distress. No gross or histopathologic
lesions were noted, including in the kidneys. All other parameters of
body and organ weights, hematology or blood chemistry were within
normal range.
Studies on the acute effects of gasoline ingestion by rats
revealed naphrotoxicity in male rats. Both unleaded gasoline (2291)
and shale-derived distillate fuel (2294) caused reversible hyaline
droplet formation (protein resorption) in the kidneys. This effect was
believed due to a hydrocarbon-induced defect in the degradation of
renal a2 -globulin, a protein synthesized in the liver and excreted in
urine, &d was obvious after a single administration of as little as 2
mLfkg gasoline (2291). Gver a three day period, hapatic lesions and
alterations in serum chemistry and hematology were noted. By fourteen
days, lymphoid depletion in the thymus was observed, as was congestion
of multiple organs (2294).
Unleaded motor gasoline was slightly irritating to the shaved skin
of New Zealand rabbits after a 24 hour dermal'exposura to 0.5 mL. In a
subacute denual study, doses of 2.5 to 8 r&/kg ware applied daily for a
total of 10 days. N6 mortality was seen. Severe dermal irritation and
weight loss ware observed. Necropsy revealed pale and congested livers
and kidneys (1924).
Gasoline containing tetraethyl lead caused no m&e injury than
gasoline alone when applied to rabbit eyes. A single drop applied
without local anesthetic caused discomfort and blepharospasm lasting
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