health and safety plan solid waste management unit assessment

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HYDRAULIC FLUID 68-31
Acute toxicity resulting from the ingestion of several ounces of
pyridine produced severe vomiting, diarrhea, hyperpyrexia and delerium.
Death occurred 43 hours post-ingestion. Autopsy revealed pulmonary
edema and membranous tracheabronchitis which was thought to result from
aspiration of pyridine into the lung. A small oral dose of 2 to 3 mL
pyridine in man produced mild anorexia, nausea, fatigue and mental
depression (17).
Hvdroauinone
Hydroquinone is irritating to the skin but not corrosive. Skin
lesions in man are generally described as depigmentation. Fatal human
doses range from 5 to 12 grams. Systemic effects include tremors and
convulsions plus occasional, severe hemolytic anemia. No effect was
reported following human ingestion of 300 to 500 mg hydroquinone daily
for three to five months (17).
68.3.4 Levels of Concern
No criteria or standards specific for hydraulic fluid were
located. EPA (2012) does list a criterion for oil and grease which
requires domestic water supplies to be virtually free from oil and
grease, particularly with regard to taste and odor.
68.3.5 Hazard Assessment
Toxicological data located for hydraulic fluids are scant. No
data are currently available regarding the carcinogenicity,
mutagenicity or reproductive effects of these materials. Limited
animal studies suggest low toxicity by oral and dermal routes in rats
and rabbits (2231.1936) but also indicate the potential for increased
toxicity due to additives used in various formulations (2233). In
general, hydraulic fluids do not appear to be eye or skin irritants
although specific formulations have produced sensitization (1936).
Long-term inhalation exposure to a mist of phosphate-based
hydraulic fluid at concentrations up to 110 mg/m3 continuously for up
to 163 days produced no significant pathology in dogs, monkeys or rats;
limb paralysis was noted in rabbits and chickens which were
indistinguishable from effects induced by TOCP (2230). Another
inhalation study resulted in the death of treated rabbits exposed to
100 mg/m3 of a phosphate-based hydraulic fluid for up to 49 exposures
(2233). Similarly exposed rats exhibited a rough coat, poor grooming
and a decrease in body weight gain (2233).
68.4 SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS CONSIDERATIONS
Determination of the presence of hydraulic fluids in soil and
water requires the collection of a representative field sample and
laboratory analysis for the specific major components generally
attributed to hydraulic fluids; however, the relative concentrations of
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