Current_Trends_and_Related_Challenges_web

Migrant Smuggling in Asia
p. 9; Europol, “Facilitated illegal immigration
intelligence bulletin”, Intelligence Bulletin, No.
3 (June 2009), pp. 7–9; UNODC, Transnational
Organized Crime in East Asia and the Pacific: A
Threat Assessment (2013), p. 31.
246
UNODC, Migrant Smuggling in Asia: A Thematic
Review of Literature (2012), p. 184.
247
UNODC, Recent Trends of Human Trafficking
and Migrant Smuggling To and From Pakistan
(2013), p. 42; A. Missbach and F. Sinanu, “‘The
scum of the earth’? Foreign people smugglers
and their local counterparts in Indonesia”,
Journal of Current Southeast Asian Affairs, vol.
30, No. 4 (2011), pp. 57, 76–77.
248
Government of Serbia, Response to questions
by UNODC relating to smuggling of migrants in
Asia (2014); A. Triandafyllidou and T. Maroukis,
Migrant Smuggling: Irregular Migration from
Asia and Africa to Europe (2012), pp. 138,
175–176; UNODC, Migrant Smuggling in Asia:
A Thematic Review of Literature (2012), p.
184; Government of Germany, Response to
questions by UNODC relating to smuggling of
migrants in Asia (2014).
249
A. Triandafyllidou and T. Maroukis, Migrant
Smuggling: Irregular Migration from Asia and
Africa to Europe (2012), p. 139; Government
of Serbia, Response to questions by UNODC
relating to smuggling of migrants in Asia (2014).
250
P. Hatziprokopiou and A. Triandafyllidou,
“Governing irregular migration”, IRMA Concept
Paper (2013), p. 29; A. Triandafyllidou and
T. Maroukis, Migrant Smuggling: Irregular
Migration from Asia and Africa to Europe
(2012), pp. 140–141.
251
UNODC, Migrant Smuggling in Asia:
Comparative Research on Financial Flows within
Asia and Europe (2013) [restricted circulation],
pp. 52; A. Triandafyllidou and T. Maroukis,
Migrant Smuggling: Irregular Migration from
Asia and Africa to Europe (2012), p. 120;
Government of United Kingdom, Response
to questions by UNODC relating to smuggling
of migrants in Asia (2014); Government of
Bulgaria, Response to questions by UNODC
relating to smuggling of migrants in Asia
(2014); Europol, “Facilitated illegal immigration
intelligence bulletin”, Intelligence Bulletin,
No. 3 (June 2008), p. 13; Europol, “Facilitated
illegal immigration intelligence bulletin”,
Intelligence Bulletin, No. 4 (August 2008), pp.
14–15; Government of Germany, Response to
questions by UNODC relating to smuggling of
migrants in Asia (2014); Europol, “Facilitated
illegal immigration intelligence bulletin”,
Intelligence Bulletin, No. 2 (May 2011), p. 13.
252
Government of Bulgaria, Response to questions
by UNODC relating to smuggling of migrants in
Asia (2014); Government of Slovakia, Response
to questions by UNODC relating to smuggling
of migrants in Asia (2014); Government of
Hungary, Response to questions by UNODC
relating to smuggling of migrants in Asia
(2014); ICMPD, Yearbook on Illegal Migration,
Human Smuggling and Trafficking in Central
and Eastern Europe (2011), p. 250.
253
Government of Hungary, Response to questions
by UNODC relating to smuggling of migrants in
Asia (2014), 8; S. Khosravi, ‘Illegal Traveller’:
An Auto-Ethnography of Borders (2010), p.
104; Government of Moldova, Response to
questions by UNODC relating to smuggling
of migrants in Asia (2014); P. Hatziprokopiou
and A. Triandafyllidou, “Governing irregular
migration”, IRMA Concept Paper (2013), p. 9.
254
Government of Germany, Response to
questions by UNODC relating to smuggling of
migrants in Asia (2014); Europol, “Facilitated
illegal immigration intelligence bulletin”,
Intelligence Bulletin, No. 3 (July 2010), p.
14; UNODC, Migrant Smuggling in Asia: A
Thematic Review of Literature (2012), p. 187;
UNODC, Recent Trends of Human Trafficking
and Migrant Smuggling To and From Pakistan
(2013), p. 36; Government of Belgium, Response
to questions by UNODC relating to smuggling
of migrants in Asia (2014); P. Hatziprokopiou
and A. Triandafyllidou, “Governing irregular
migration”, IRMA Concept Paper (2013), p. 29.
255
Government of Belgium, Response to
questions by UNODC relating to smuggling of
migrants in Asia (2014).
256
Europol, ‘“Facilitated illegal immigration
136