Current_Trends_and_Related_Challenges_web
Current_Trends_and_Related_Challenges_web
Current_Trends_and_Related_Challenges_web
Create successful ePaper yourself
Turn your PDF publications into a flip-book with our unique Google optimized e-Paper software.
<strong>Current</strong> <strong>Trends</strong> <strong>and</strong> <strong>Challenges</strong><br />
Figure 7. Destination countries in East Asia, South Asia, South-East Asia, North America <strong>and</strong><br />
Oceania for the smuggling of migrants from South Asia<br />
Republic of Korea<br />
North America<br />
Nepal Bhutan<br />
East Asia<br />
Japan<br />
India<br />
Bangladesh<br />
Hong Kong (China)<br />
Macau (China)<br />
Thail<strong>and</strong><br />
Maldives<br />
Sri Lanka<br />
Malaysia<br />
Bangladesh<br />
Bhutan<br />
India<br />
Nepal<br />
Sri Lanka<br />
Australia<br />
The boundaries <strong>and</strong> names shown <strong>and</strong> the designations used on this map do not imply official endorsement or acceptance by the United Nations.<br />
The map is an elaboration of UNODC based on selected sources.<br />
New Zeal<strong>and</strong><br />
where they are accommodated until further travel<br />
to the United Kingdom is organized. 136 Smuggling<br />
from France to the United Kingdom usually<br />
involves concealed travel in a car, van or truck that<br />
is loaded onto a ferry. 137 There have been cases in<br />
which Sri Lankan nationals arrived in the United<br />
Kingdom by sea on a vessel other than a ferry<br />
that left from a port or coastal area in France or<br />
Belgium. This method is said to have increased in<br />
recent years. 138 The Juxtaposed Controls in France<br />
have detected some Bangladeshi smuggled<br />
migrants concealed in heavy-goods vehicles as<br />
they attempted to cross from France into the<br />
United Kingdom. 139<br />
In addition to using the smuggling routes that lead<br />
overl<strong>and</strong> across Europe, many Indian nationals<br />
are smuggled by air directly to the United<br />
Kingdom or via various transit points. 140 In many<br />
cases, smuggled migrants initially fly from India<br />
to another main port in the Schengen area <strong>and</strong><br />
then embark on a connecting flight to the United<br />
Kingdom. 141 The use of fraudulent documents<br />
appears to be common in these cases. 142 Marriages<br />
of convenience <strong>and</strong> the abuse of spousal visas are<br />
also used by Indian nationals to gain entry into the<br />
United Kingdom. Tour groups or traditional dance<br />
groups are used to facilitate the entry of Indian<br />
nationals into the United Kingdom, whereby<br />
Indian nationals enter on a tourist visa, often<br />
for the purpose of performing at a ceremony<br />
or wedding, but subsequently disappear after<br />
entering. 143<br />
Visa overstaying is a common way for Indian<br />
nationals to remain irregularly in the United<br />
Kingdom. Smugglers in Punjab State assist Indian<br />
migrants to obtain a student visa by providing<br />
a temporary loan to migrants to deceive the<br />
British authorities when potential student visa<br />
applicants’ financial means are screened for the<br />
purpose of detecting fraudulent applicants. In the<br />
past, fraudulent asylum claims were made to gain<br />
entry to the United Kingdom in some instances,<br />
but it is unclear whether this practice persists. 144<br />
49
Change language