Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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The above discussion represents the central justification for the DSS2GDBscript tool for transferring the runoff hydrograph into the geodatabase. Theextraction of the needed hydrographs from the HMS DSS file requires searchingthrough the entire DSS catalog for the specific hydrographs pertaining only to thehydraulic flow change locations. The DSS2GDB application searches the DSScatalog using a filtering criterion based on unique combinations of pathname partsto properly identify all parts of the required runoff hydrograph.4.1.6 The Geographic ComponentEach point modeling element in HEC-HMS (subbasin, reservoir, junction,diversion, source, and sink) will have in DSS a runoff hydrograph attached to itdescribing the dynamic hydrologic routing for the simulated rainfall event. Thishydrograph, stored in HEC-DSS, is associated with the specific hydrologicelement by means of the name of the hydrologic element which is by conventionstored in the B part of the corresponding pathname. So, by using the B part timeseries information any specific element can be found. A given element howevermay have multiple types of records (like a subbasin might have precipitationrecords and flow records associated with it in DSS). This means that extractingthe flow records for a given element based solely on the B part is not enough. Toprecisely locate the runoff hydrograph of any given element, the search criteriamust also filter by: variable type (C Part), beginning date (D Part), time interval(E Part), and by the optional global identifier (A Part). By doing so, theapplication locates the needed pathname inside the catalog and extracts the112
information into the extended Arc Hydro geodatabase (TimeSeries, TSType,DSSTSType tables).Before the previous filter search can be accomplished, the applicationneeds to know the value of the main search criterion, the B part or name of theelement that owns the data. This corresponds to any hydrologic element providinga flow hydrograph for the reach that needs to be hydraulically routed in HEC-RAS. From the hydrologic schematic in Figure 4.14, there are 10 flow changelocation points for the reach. The upstream elements from the reach segments thatprovided a runoff hydrograph are 1 subbasin and 9 junctions (confluence points).These hydrologic elements have a corresponding geographic representation in ArcHydro through the Watershed and Hydrojunction feature classes.The network topology in HEC-HMS describing the connectivity betweenthe involved hydrologic elements can also be reproduced in Arc Hydro by meansof an existing functionality, the Schematic Network. Therefore, Arc Hydro can beused to hold a geographic representation of the hydrologic network that can beused for the proposed geographically integrated modeling system. The SchematicNetwork generated off Hydrojunctions and Watersheds will provide GIS with thesame network topology inside HEC-HMS and to empower the geographicintegration of the modeling systems. The Hydro Network is considered thebackbone of Arc Hydro. This geometric network is defines the topologicalconnection of HydroEdges and HydroJunctions. All types of features caneventually be connected to the Network besides the points and lines that make upthe HydroJunction and HydroEdge feature classes. The way other features can be113
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
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geodatabase formatted with the Arc
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The CrossSection feature class in A
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geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
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3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
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analysis. In particular, GIS has be
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3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
Page 71 and 72: Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
Page 75 and 76: etween the HEC-DSS file system and
Page 77 and 78: The more specific steps for the pos
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
Page 81 and 82: A subset of NEXRAD time series data
Page 83 and 84: A folder location is also provided
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
Page 87 and 88: ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
Page 89 and 90: Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
Page 91 and 92: having different formats and that a
Page 93 and 94: Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
Page 95 and 96: execution time and for their corres
Page 97 and 98: on the steps needed to transfer the
Page 99 and 100: Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
Page 101 and 102: 52: Invalid precision exponent spec
Page 103 and 104: methods: user hyetograph, user gage
Page 105 and 106: Once the hyetograph is defined (for
Page 107 and 108: The resulting runoff hydrograph is
Page 109 and 110: Thus, the time period for the entir
Page 111 and 112: After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
Page 113 and 114: Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
Page 115 and 116: ased on a process handle (a program
Page 117 and 118: These simple command line statement
Page 119 and 120: To programmatically accomplish this
Page 121: to provide the hydraulic input for
Page 125 and 126: The HydroJunction, used for connect
Page 127 and 128: Once the identification of flow cha
Page 129 and 130: As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
Page 131 and 132: 4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
Page 133 and 134: accomplish this have been developed
Page 135 and 136: straight forward for all time stamp
Page 137 and 138: As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
Page 139 and 140: Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
Page 141 and 142: ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
Page 143 and 144: Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
Page 145 and 146: There are not specific valid values
Page 147 and 148: catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
Page 149 and 150: 4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
Page 151 and 152: channel (the hydraulic representati
Page 153 and 154: the model if the new configuration
Page 155 and 156: the main program as a public module
Page 157 and 158: Then, the RASCaller application acc
Page 159 and 160: Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
Page 165 and 166: data structures delivered by every
Page 167 and 168: The two most well-known models for
Page 169 and 170: The water surface elevations obtain
Page 171 and 172: Once the water surface elevations f
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Generate a suitable water surface m
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Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
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Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
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standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
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By doing this, the water surface el
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Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
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Int OperationThe Integer operation
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case that was developed for Map2Map
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contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
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design storm input given its possib
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Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
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for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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model for water resources (Maidment
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Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
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involved in the transformation of r
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process model in sequence. For the
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5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
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value of the entire runoff hydrogra
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case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
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The first step consists in installi
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3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
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Congratulations! You have successfu
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Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
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Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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