Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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this integration provides a comprehensive framework for regional scalesimulations that can potentially take into account regional effects on local floodstudies.Given the ability to generate outcomes at any specified modeling location,this development may also be used to support a more comprehensive generationof conventional flood damage assessment relationships like peak dischargefrequency curves (discharge vs. exceedance probability) and rating curves(discharge vs. stage) at needed points on ungauged floodplains.5.8 CONTRIBUTIONS TO TECHNOLOGYThis research provides important contributions to information technologyand in particular to computing in civil engineering. The development of specificcomputational integration schemes with two external and full engineeringsimulation models that allow their inclusion as “tools” inside the ModelBuilderworkflow model and framework. The computational ability to interface twostandard engineering models has been implemented and adapted to comply withthe needed workflow of processes to transform a precipitation map into afloodplain map. DLL applications in charge of executing the external calls havebeen developed based on the model’s interfacing functionalities. Therefore, a newcomputational scheme for the integration of independent modeling systems isdemonstrated.A library of functions for specialized modeling tasks, in the form of DLLs,was developed to accomplish and made available for code reuse in independentmodeling exercises. In particular, utilities for the exchange of spatially-referenced196
time series between NEXRAD, the HEC Data Storage System and the Arc Hydrodata model (time series transfer routines), calling routines to two stand-alone andCOM-compliant modeling systems (HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS callers), andgeoprocessing models (an ensemble of standard GIS tools) to accomplish modularfloodplain delineation sequences.5.9 LIMITATIONSThe Map2Map computational framework that defines an automatedworkflow sequence for generating flood inundation maps is not an “assumptionfree” or a completely generic development. There are a various limitations andproblems that may arise as the purpose for floodplain mapping changes based onthe modeler’s objectives.The computational scheme for the integration in Map2Map relies on twomain aspects: The external execution of the two involved engineering models andthe format structure of the ASCII text files defining the model’s input and output.As new versions of HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS become available, it might thepossible to have changes in the way each model can be externally access and inthe type of files and structure of the input and output files. The currentdevelopment of Map2Map assumes a specific way to access HEC-HMS andHEC-RAS. In fact there is a fundamental distinction between the externalexecution of HMS and RAS as explained in sections 4.1.4 and 4.1.10. Theexternal execution of RAS is done through a standard Shell function used to runexecutables by means of an application-specific DOS prompt command lineinstruction. New versions of HEC-HMS may change the syntax of the command197
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
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geodatabase formatted with the Arc
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The CrossSection feature class in A
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geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
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3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
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analysis. In particular, GIS has be
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3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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To programmatically accomplish this
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to provide the hydraulic input for
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information into the extended Arc H
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The HydroJunction, used for connect
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Once the identification of flow cha
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As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
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4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
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accomplish this have been developed
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straight forward for all time stamp
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As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
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Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
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ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
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Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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channel (the hydraulic representati
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the model if the new configuration
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Page 159 and 160: Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
Page 165 and 166: data structures delivered by every
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Page 171 and 172: Once the water surface elevations f
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Page 175 and 176: Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
Page 177 and 178: Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
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Page 181 and 182: By doing this, the water surface el
Page 183 and 184: Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
Page 185 and 186: Int OperationThe Integer operation
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Page 189 and 190: contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
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Page 193 and 194: Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
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Page 201 and 202: involved in the transformation of r
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Page 205: 5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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Page 211 and 212: case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
Page 213 and 214: The first step consists in installi
Page 215 and 216: 3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
Page 217 and 218: Congratulations! You have successfu
Page 219 and 220: Once the simplified version of Arc
Page 221 and 222: cells that cover your study area an
Page 223 and 224: Second, the user needs to modify th
Page 225 and 226: Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
Page 227 and 228: o hmsproj - contains folders with H
Page 229 and 230: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
Page 231 and 232: Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
Page 233 and 234: Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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