Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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efore (in section 3.4.7), the HEC-DSS descriptors are being stored inside the ArcHydro data model by means of an object class (non-feature table) that extends itscore content, the DSSTSType table. The structure of this table has been designedwith care and consideration for all the time series attributes that are needed notonly for the time series data exchange but also for the integration scheme itself(see Figure 3.21). On the other hand, the bulk of the time series records are storedin the standard time series Arc Hydro table containing the timestamp and valuedefinitions for each record in the series.The application (GDB2HMSDSS script tool) references tables in the ArcHydro geodatabase to get the HEC-DSS descriptors (from the DSSTSType), theTime Series Values (from the Arc Hydro TimeSeries table), and the Watershedtable from which the number of features/rows is used to define the number ofwatersheds that own precipitation records which need to be read and transferred toDSS.To achieve the final goal of transferring the rainfall dataset into a HEC-DSS file, various subroutines from the HEC library need to be called for the dataexchange to take place. The ZOPEN, ZSRTS, and the ZCLOSE DSS softwaresubroutines are the key subroutines implemented in this application.After the GDB2HMSDSS script tool reads the Arc Hydro Time Seriestables from the geodatabase, it writes the records to HEC-DSS (by accessing thedata exchange library of utilities) to make them available for the user-specifiedhyetograph meteorologic option of HEC-HMS. The following section elaborates86
on the steps needed to transfer the data and update the hydrologic configuration toreflect the new input setup.4.1.3.2 Accessing the HEC-DSS SystemThe first thing done by the application is to open the HEC-DSS file thatstores the precipitation records for the new HEC-HMS input configuration. TheZOPEN DSS subroutine is in charge of attaching a DSS file to a program (theGDBToHMSDSS application in this case) and obtains basic information from thefile, allowing reading and writing to proceed. In other words, ZOPEN is the firstDSS subroutine to be called when interfacing with the HEC-DSS system. TheDSS file does not need to exist before the ZOPEN subroutine is called and it willbe created if it is not present. By doing this, the application provides a genericfunctionality for data storage into a new or existing DSS file.The main FORTRAN subroutine that writes regular time series into HEC-DSS, the ZSRTS subroutine (Store Regular-Interval Time Series Data), has beenincorporated into the main program (GDB2HMSDSS) as a public module that isinvoked every time it is required. The main input and output arguments that arepassed through this utility are described bellow denoting the descriptors needed tostore datasets into the HEC-DSS system. This description is of particularrelevance for the definition of all the parameters that have to be present in the GISsystem before the data exchange operation takes place as shown bellow.ZSRTS(IFLTAB(1), sPath, Len(sPath), sBDate, Len(sBDate), sBTime,Len(sBTime), lNVals, fValues(1), sUnits, Len(sUnits), sType, Len(sType),lPLAN, ISTAT)87
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
Page 45 and 46: geodatabase formatted with the Arc
Page 47 and 48: The CrossSection feature class in A
Page 49 and 50: geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
Page 51 and 52: 3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
Page 53 and 54: analysis. In particular, GIS has be
Page 55 and 56: 3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
Page 59 and 60: For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
Page 61 and 62: cross sections in the hydraulic mod
Page 63 and 64: Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
Page 65 and 66: from the geodatabase back into the
Page 67 and 68: Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
Page 69 and 70: Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
Page 71 and 72: Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
Page 75 and 76: etween the HEC-DSS file system and
Page 77 and 78: The more specific steps for the pos
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
Page 81 and 82: A subset of NEXRAD time series data
Page 83 and 84: A folder location is also provided
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
Page 87 and 88: ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
Page 89 and 90: Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
Page 91 and 92: having different formats and that a
Page 93 and 94: Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
Page 95: execution time and for their corres
Page 99 and 100: Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
Page 101 and 102: 52: Invalid precision exponent spec
Page 103 and 104: methods: user hyetograph, user gage
Page 105 and 106: Once the hyetograph is defined (for
Page 107 and 108: The resulting runoff hydrograph is
Page 109 and 110: Thus, the time period for the entir
Page 111 and 112: After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
Page 113 and 114: Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
Page 115 and 116: ased on a process handle (a program
Page 117 and 118: These simple command line statement
Page 119 and 120: To programmatically accomplish this
Page 121 and 122: to provide the hydraulic input for
Page 123 and 124: information into the extended Arc H
Page 125 and 126: The HydroJunction, used for connect
Page 127 and 128: Once the identification of flow cha
Page 129 and 130: As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
Page 131 and 132: 4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
Page 133 and 134: accomplish this have been developed
Page 135 and 136: straight forward for all time stamp
Page 137 and 138: As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
Page 139 and 140: Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
Page 141 and 142: ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
Page 143 and 144: Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
Page 145 and 146: There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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channel (the hydraulic representati
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the model if the new configuration
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the main program as a public module
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Then, the RASCaller application acc
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Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
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Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
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Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
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data structures delivered by every
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The two most well-known models for
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The water surface elevations obtain
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Once the water surface elevations f
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Generate a suitable water surface m
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Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
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Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
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standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
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By doing this, the water surface el
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Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
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Int OperationThe Integer operation
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case that was developed for Map2Map
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contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
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design storm input given its possib
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Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
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for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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model for water resources (Maidment
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Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
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involved in the transformation of r
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process model in sequence. For the
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5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
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value of the entire runoff hydrogra
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case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
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The first step consists in installi
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3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
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Congratulations! You have successfu
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Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
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Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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