Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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In order to define the flow file for HEC-RAS, the GDB2RASDSSapplication needs to extract the peak streamflow values from each enteringhydrograph. The DSS2GDB component is used to get an overall peak flow foreach profile computation in HEC-RAS. For unsteady definitions, the peakextraction can be eliminated and the entire hydrograph will be used to define theunsteady flow configuration. However, unsteady definitions in HEC-RAS providea higher level of complexity since it only allows definition of a single reach at atime. By having a single reach definition, the unsteady state definitions willhamper the ability to define boundary conditions for entering tributaries providingadditional runoff hydrographs to be routed along the main channel system. Towork around this unsteady restriction several “Map2Map” definitions for eachreach can be developed and nested to execute sequentially by means of a script incharge of establishing the Map2Map batch process. Even though viable, theaforementioned alternative to configure unsteady simulations via nestedMap2Map models for each reach may prove to be cumbersome and not robustunder the current version of ArcGIS ModelBuilder.For the Map2Map application to run an automated Hydrologic andHydraulic configuration, the execution of HEC-RAS must be accomplishedwithout having to rely on its graphical user interface. HEC-RAS programs can beexternally executed (as described in next section 4.1.10) but the execution is donefor the default settings stored inside the model configuration. In other words, ifthe Map2Map integration is generating new values for an existing HEC-RASmodel setup those new values need to be integrated in the default components of142
the model if the new configuration is to be executed under an automated mode ofoperation. Given that the seamless and end-to-end integration proposed byMap2Map requires an automated mode of operation, the new input generatedthrough the integration needs to become part of HEC-RAS default settings.Next, the GDB2RASDSS application reads the HEC-RAS project file (.prjfile extension) corresponding to the HEC-RAS configuration that is to be used forsimulation and finds the current or executed by default plan file (.p# fileextension). The current plan file contains a unique combination of geometry andflow files that are used when the model is run under default settings. In general, aHEC-RAS project file contains registries for all geometry and flow filesrepresenting multiple scenarios for the same river-reach system. In the project filethere is also a registry for the current plan file that will be executed under defaultsettings. The plan file is made up of a unique combination of geometry and flowfiles describing a given river channel setup and a given flow profile going throughit. Figure 4.27 illustrates the potential combinations in a HEC-RAS projectbetween various geometry and flow files to define various plan files and how theoutput files are associated with each of the plan files simulated and stored in theproject.143
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
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geodatabase formatted with the Arc
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The CrossSection feature class in A
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geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
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3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
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analysis. In particular, GIS has be
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3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
Page 101 and 102: 52: Invalid precision exponent spec
Page 103 and 104: methods: user hyetograph, user gage
Page 105 and 106: Once the hyetograph is defined (for
Page 107 and 108: The resulting runoff hydrograph is
Page 109 and 110: Thus, the time period for the entir
Page 111 and 112: After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
Page 113 and 114: Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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Page 117 and 118: These simple command line statement
Page 119 and 120: To programmatically accomplish this
Page 121 and 122: to provide the hydraulic input for
Page 123 and 124: information into the extended Arc H
Page 125 and 126: The HydroJunction, used for connect
Page 127 and 128: Once the identification of flow cha
Page 129 and 130: As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
Page 131 and 132: 4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
Page 133 and 134: accomplish this have been developed
Page 135 and 136: straight forward for all time stamp
Page 137 and 138: As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
Page 139 and 140: Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
Page 141 and 142: ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
Page 143 and 144: Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
Page 145 and 146: There are not specific valid values
Page 147 and 148: catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
Page 149 and 150: 4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
Page 151: channel (the hydraulic representati
Page 155 and 156: the main program as a public module
Page 157 and 158: Then, the RASCaller application acc
Page 159 and 160: Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
Page 165 and 166: data structures delivered by every
Page 167 and 168: The two most well-known models for
Page 169 and 170: The water surface elevations obtain
Page 171 and 172: Once the water surface elevations f
Page 173 and 174: Generate a suitable water surface m
Page 175 and 176: Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
Page 177 and 178: Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
Page 179 and 180: standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
Page 181 and 182: By doing this, the water surface el
Page 183 and 184: Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
Page 185 and 186: Int OperationThe Integer operation
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Page 189 and 190: contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
Page 191 and 192: design storm input given its possib
Page 193 and 194: Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
Page 195 and 196: for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
Page 197 and 198: model for water resources (Maidment
Page 199 and 200: Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
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process model in sequence. For the
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5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
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value of the entire runoff hydrogra
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case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
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The first step consists in installi
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3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
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Congratulations! You have successfu
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Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
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Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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