Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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List of FiguresFigure 1.1 Spatial Integration through GIS Data Models .............................. 6Figure 2.1 Integration of GIS and Environmental Models............................. 9Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Schematic................................................. 25Figure 3.2 Conceptual Elements to Convert a Rainfall Map to aFloodplain Map ................................................................................... 25Figure 3.3 Relative Location of Salado and Rosillo Creeks in Texas.......... 30Figure 3.4 Radar data in ASCII format ........................................................ 32Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873 cells) covering the San AntonioRiver Basin, Texas .............................................................................. 33Figure 3.6 Geographic Representation (b) of Hydrologic Model (a)........... 36Figure 3.7 Geographic Representation (b) of Hydraulic Model (a)............. 37Figure 3.8 Time Series Transfer Component ............................................... 40Figure 3.9 Simulation Models Integrated Through Arc Hydro.................... 42Figure 3.10 SchematicNetwork for Salado and Rosillo Creeks................... 46Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrologic Correspondence........................... 47Figure 3.12 Geographic and Hydraulic Correspondence ............................. 48Figure 3.13 Points of Information Exchange in HEC-HMS ........................ 50Figure 3.14 Points of Information Exchange in HMS and RAS.................. 51Figure 3.15 Model Connectivity through Flow Change Locations.............. 52Figure 3.16 Geographic Representation of Hydrologic Elements ............... 53Figure 3.17 Conceptual Approach for Model Connectivity in Arc Hydro .. 55Figure 3.18 HydroJuntion Features as Connectors with Hydrology andHydraulics ........................................................................................... 56Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes for Integration Support ........................... 57Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content of HMS for Exchange Points........... 59Figure 3.21 DSSTSCatalog in Arc Hydro.................................................... 60Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Component in Arc Hydro ..................... 61Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File from geodatabase content ....................... 63vi
Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady State Flow File.................................. 64Figure 3.25 Time Series Transfer Schematic ............................................... 65Figure 3.26 Floodplain Delineation Schematic............................................ 68Figure 4.1 Map2Map Workflow in ModelBuilder for Historic Event UseCase ..................................................................................................... 70Figure 4.2 List of Date Filenames defining a Simulation Time Window .... 72Figure 4.3 Time Series values associated with NEXRAD cells in ArcHydro................................................................................................... 74Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Component ................................................. 75Figure 4.5 Subbasin Partition based on NEXRAD Cell Overlaps ............... 76Figure 4.6 Associating NEXRAD Data with Watersheds............................ 77Figure 4.7 TSTransfer Model Component ................................................... 78Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and Related Subbasins ................................ 79Figure 4.9 2-D Array storing watershed’s counter and HEC-DSSdescriptors ........................................................................................... 92Figure 4.10 GDB2HMSDSS Model Component....................................... 101Figure 4.11 Time Series Transfer between Arc Hydro and HEC-DSS...... 102Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Component............................................... 103Figure 4.13 DSS2GDB Model Component................................................ 110Figure 4.14 Arc Hydro and HMS connectivity through SchematicNodeRelationship....................................................................................... 114Figure 4.15 Relationship Class for Arc Hydro and HEC-HMSconnection ......................................................................................... 115Figure 4.16 ModelCodes Populated under the SchematicNode Topology 116Figure 4.17 DSS Time Series Catalog in Arc Hydro ................................. 117Figure 4.18 The Arc Hydro TimeSeries Table........................................... 118Figure 4.19 The Arc Hydro TSType Table ................................................ 118Figure 4.20 The Midnight Duality ............................................................. 124Figure 4.21 Filtering HEC-DSS records through Arc Hydro..................... 130Figure 4.22 D part in Arc Hydro’s DSSCatalog ........................................ 131Figure 4.23 E part in Arc Hydro’s DSSCatalog......................................... 132vii
Page 3 and 4: Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
Page 5: 4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
Page 9 and 10: Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
Page 13 and 14: for undeveloped or natural conditio
Page 15 and 16: All the previous statements favor t
Page 17 and 18: science, and engineering models as
Page 19 and 20: Different approaches have been used
Page 21 and 22: generic and self-described formats,
Page 23 and 24: externally executed from a central
Page 25 and 26: though GIS-based, the system does n
Page 27 and 28: Geographic Information Systems, Arc
Page 29 and 30: By defining the three basic functio
Page 31 and 32: containing an inventory of damage s
Page 33 and 34: Data Models in charge of storing an
Page 35 and 36: Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
Page 37 and 38: either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
Page 39 and 40: channel cross sections, available H
Page 41 and 42: sequential data, called pathnames,
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
Page 45 and 46: geodatabase formatted with the Arc
Page 47 and 48: The CrossSection feature class in A
Page 49 and 50: geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
Page 51 and 52: 3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
Page 53 and 54: analysis. In particular, GIS has be
Page 55 and 56: 3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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To programmatically accomplish this
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to provide the hydraulic input for
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information into the extended Arc H
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The HydroJunction, used for connect
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Once the identification of flow cha
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As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
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4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
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accomplish this have been developed
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straight forward for all time stamp
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As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
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Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
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ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
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Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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channel (the hydraulic representati
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the model if the new configuration
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the main program as a public module
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Then, the RASCaller application acc
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Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
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Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
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Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
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data structures delivered by every
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The two most well-known models for
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The water surface elevations obtain
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Once the water surface elevations f
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Generate a suitable water surface m
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Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
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Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
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standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
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By doing this, the water surface el
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Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
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Int OperationThe Integer operation
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case that was developed for Map2Map
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contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
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design storm input given its possib
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Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
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for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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model for water resources (Maidment
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Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
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involved in the transformation of r
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process model in sequence. For the
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5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
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value of the entire runoff hydrogra
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case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
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The first step consists in installi
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3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
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Congratulations! You have successfu
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Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
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Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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