Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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ingredients and a suitable platform for gluing together heterogeneous modelingresources under a convenient geographic framework.5.2 MODEL CODE ELEMENTS AS GEOGRAPHIC INTEGRATORSThe geographic integration uses Arc Hydro to georeference informationexchange points represented by HydroJunction and CrossSection features in thespatial context. The georeferenced HydroJunction points get associated withhydrologic elements in HEC-HMS by means of the SchematicNetwork (anexisting topologic feature in Arc Hydro) which must accurately resemble thetopology of the hydrologic model.Arc Hydro identifies those HydroJunctions that carry runoff hydrographsgenerated in HEC-HMS by selecting those HydroJunctions associated with aSchematicNode serving as a runoff entry point into the main stem. Thisassociation is represented by the HydroJunctionHasSchematicNode relationshipbuilt inside Arc Hydro. Through the relationship class, the Map2Map applicationreaches the HMS predefined names for the hydrologic elements that are passingrunoff information. These names are model codes termed HMSCodes for HEC-HMS which are populated in the SchematicNetwork to properly identify thehydrologic elements inside the HEC-DSS time series file holding the runoffinformation that needs to be transferred.By doing this, the HydroJunctions carrying runoff hydrographs areidentified. Next, the HydroJunctions need to identify the next downstream crosssection in HEC-RAS topology to receive the runoff hydrograph. Thisidentification is done in Arc Hydro by means of a new relationship class in Arc188
Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSection relationship class built inside ArcHydro.Through this relationship class, the Map2Map application reaches theRAS predefined names for the hydraulic elements (cross sections) that arereceiving the runoff information. These predefined names are again model codestermed RASCodes for HEC-RAS which are populated in the CrossSection featureclass to properly identify the hydraulic elements in HEC-RAS configurationreceiving the runoff information that needs to be processed. The cross sectionelements and their names are used in the Map2Map application to generate anappropriate flow file listing the cross sections that receive runoff data anddescribing the source location of that data, that is, references to HEC-DSSpathnames identified by means of the previously inferred HMSCodes.Thus, the georeferenced CrossSection features inherit runoff data bymeans of a relationship class that associates them with the HydroJunctionexchange points which in turn must follow the HEC-HMS topology replicated inthe SchematicNetwork in Arc Hydro representing the hydrologic modelcomponent.A spatial integration so defined enables the integration of all type ofexternal applications using the geodatabase as the common geographic frameworkwhich can be readily updated to reflect new developments in the basin.189
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
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geodatabase formatted with the Arc
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The CrossSection feature class in A
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geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
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3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
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analysis. In particular, GIS has be
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3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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To programmatically accomplish this
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to provide the hydraulic input for
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information into the extended Arc H
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The HydroJunction, used for connect
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Once the identification of flow cha
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As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
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4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
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accomplish this have been developed
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straight forward for all time stamp
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As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
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Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
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ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
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Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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Page 149 and 150: 4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
Page 151 and 152: channel (the hydraulic representati
Page 153 and 154: the model if the new configuration
Page 155 and 156: the main program as a public module
Page 157 and 158: Then, the RASCaller application acc
Page 159 and 160: Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
Page 165 and 166: data structures delivered by every
Page 167 and 168: The two most well-known models for
Page 169 and 170: The water surface elevations obtain
Page 171 and 172: Once the water surface elevations f
Page 173 and 174: Generate a suitable water surface m
Page 175 and 176: Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
Page 177 and 178: Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
Page 179 and 180: standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
Page 181 and 182: By doing this, the water surface el
Page 183 and 184: Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
Page 185 and 186: Int OperationThe Integer operation
Page 187 and 188: case that was developed for Map2Map
Page 189 and 190: contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
Page 191 and 192: design storm input given its possib
Page 193 and 194: Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
Page 195 and 196: for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
Page 197: model for water resources (Maidment
Page 201 and 202: involved in the transformation of r
Page 203 and 204: process model in sequence. For the
Page 205 and 206: 5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
Page 207 and 208: time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
Page 209 and 210: value of the entire runoff hydrogra
Page 211 and 212: case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
Page 213 and 214: The first step consists in installi
Page 215 and 216: 3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
Page 217 and 218: Congratulations! You have successfu
Page 219 and 220: Once the simplified version of Arc
Page 221 and 222: cells that cover your study area an
Page 223 and 224: Second, the user needs to modify th
Page 225 and 226: Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
Page 227 and 228: o hmsproj - contains folders with H
Page 229 and 230: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
Page 231 and 232: Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
Page 233 and 234: Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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