Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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floodplain maps obtained based on synthetic design storms may depict a series offlood hazard areas inside the floodplain boundaries based on the 1-percentannual-chanceflood event (100-year base flood elevations) as well as thedelineation of the regulatory floodway by allowing fast and consistentencroachment analysis. Thus, the proposed integration might be used in multipleimplementations like single-event target planning, flood warning systems,develop and update flood frequency studies, and standard design storm planningto update flood hazard zone subdivisions, floodplain and floodway delineations,base flood elevation analysis, etc.5.4 EXCHANGE OF SPATIALLY-REFERENCED TIME SERIESAlso, critical to the success of this integrating effort is the proper transferof spatially-referenced time series records between the linked model features andthe wrapping geographic framework by means of application data bridges. For thecurrent implementation, the transfer of time series records was done at threelevels, between the Arc Hydro geodatabase and HEC-DSS system (for preparingmodeling inputs), from the HEC-DSS system to the geodatabase (for receivingmodeling outputs), within the Arc Hydro geodatabase (for performing spatialassociations of the time series records to fulfill model’s requirements).The exchange of spatially referenced time series records between the ArcHydro geodatabase and HEC-DSS allows the Map2Map application to generateinput time series for the two HEC models (HMS and RAS) and empowers theintegration by allowing the geographic framework to identify and select thefeatures that possess modeling information that needs to be relayed to the next192
process model in sequence. For the transfer of information towards HEC-DSS theArc Hydro structure has been extended with an additional table in charge ofstoring the necessary HEC-DSS descriptors that characterized the time seriesrecords to be transferred. The integration of diverse time series representations isaccomplished under a single and extended data model in Arc Hydro that allowstime series transformations between NEXRAD, Arc Hydro, and HEC-DSSformats.The exchange of time series records within the Arc Hydro geodatabaseallows Map2Map to change the spatial-reference of the time series records. So,for instance, the starting precipitation records that are associated with NEXRADcells in space need to be spatially referenced to subbasins describing thehydrologic domain in HEC-HMS and to generate the required hyetograph foreach subbasin that will be transformed into runoff.The exchange of spatially referenced time series records between HEC-DSS and the Arc Hydro geodatabase allows the Map2Map application to identifyand select the hydrologic output from HEC-DSS that needs to be transferred forhydraulic input in HEC-RAS. Even though in principle the hydraulic setup mightbe directly referenced to the hydrologic input given their mutual ability to readHEC-DSS records, it was found that the generated runoff hydrographs in HEC-HMS may be stored in multiple HEC-DSS pathnames complicates their referencein HEC-RAS, which relies on a single DSS pathname to reference the streamflowinputs.193
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
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geodatabase formatted with the Arc
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The CrossSection feature class in A
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geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
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3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
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analysis. In particular, GIS has be
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3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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To programmatically accomplish this
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to provide the hydraulic input for
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information into the extended Arc H
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The HydroJunction, used for connect
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Once the identification of flow cha
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As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
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4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
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accomplish this have been developed
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straight forward for all time stamp
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As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
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Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
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ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
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Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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Page 157 and 158: Then, the RASCaller application acc
Page 159 and 160: Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
Page 165 and 166: data structures delivered by every
Page 167 and 168: The two most well-known models for
Page 169 and 170: The water surface elevations obtain
Page 171 and 172: Once the water surface elevations f
Page 173 and 174: Generate a suitable water surface m
Page 175 and 176: Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
Page 177 and 178: Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
Page 179 and 180: standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
Page 181 and 182: By doing this, the water surface el
Page 183 and 184: Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
Page 185 and 186: Int OperationThe Integer operation
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Page 189 and 190: contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
Page 191 and 192: design storm input given its possib
Page 193 and 194: Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
Page 195 and 196: for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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Page 199 and 200: Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
Page 201: involved in the transformation of r
Page 205 and 206: 5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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Page 209 and 210: value of the entire runoff hydrogra
Page 211 and 212: case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
Page 213 and 214: The first step consists in installi
Page 215 and 216: 3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
Page 217 and 218: Congratulations! You have successfu
Page 219 and 220: Once the simplified version of Arc
Page 221 and 222: cells that cover your study area an
Page 223 and 224: Second, the user needs to modify th
Page 225 and 226: Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
Page 227 and 228: o hmsproj - contains folders with H
Page 229 and 230: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
Page 231 and 232: Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
Page 233 and 234: Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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