Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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Figure 1.1 depicts the concept of this model integration in which the GISframework provides the workflow model that allows connectivity between a rawgeodatabase formatted with the Arc Hydro schema and associated interface datamodels that allow communication with engineering models outside the GIS realmlike HEC-HMS, HEC-RAS, and potentially flood impact analysis systems.Figure 1.1 Spatial Integration through GIS Data ModelsThe map-centric framework implements new relational databasemanagement file systems and object oriented developments as the centralfoundation of the GIS-based floodplain modeling system.This dissertation describes in detail the main phases used in developing aframework for a Geographically Integrated <strong>Flood</strong> Information System component.The system employs a conjunction of elements from geography, computer6
science, and engineering models as key pieces to achieve model integration. Thesystem include elements like a common geographic framework to support theintegration and to accommodate specific GIS-based model needs and elements,and the ModelBuilder system in ArcGIS 9 to automate the connection processbetween supporting tasks and engineering models. The specific objectives of thisresearch project are listed below.• Develop an end-to-end geographically integrated flood modeling system usingArcGIS and the HEC models, HEC-RAS and HEC-HMS, for the automationof flood inundation maps.• Generate all the needed components and interfaces to drive the integratedframework with historical and real-time precipitation data from radar(<strong>NEXRAD</strong>) to generate single event floodplain maps.• Generate all the needed components and interfaces to drive the integratedframework with synthetic digital precipitation maps to generate probabilisticfloodplain maps.• Implement the proposed modeling integration on a case study for the Saladoand Rosillo Creeks in San Antonio, Texas to configure a pilot project and toserve as a proof of concept.7
Page 3 and 4: Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
Page 5 and 6: 4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
Page 7 and 8: Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
Page 9 and 10: Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
Page 13 and 14: for undeveloped or natural conditio
Page 15: All the previous statements favor t
Page 19 and 20: Different approaches have been used
Page 21 and 22: generic and self-described formats,
Page 23 and 24: externally executed from a central
Page 25 and 26: though GIS-based, the system does n
Page 27 and 28: Geographic Information Systems, Arc
Page 29 and 30: By defining the three basic functio
Page 31 and 32: containing an inventory of damage s
Page 33 and 34: Data Models in charge of storing an
Page 35 and 36: Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
Page 37 and 38: either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
Page 39 and 40: channel cross sections, available H
Page 41 and 42: sequential data, called pathnames,
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
Page 45 and 46: geodatabase formatted with the Arc
Page 47 and 48: The CrossSection feature class in A
Page 49 and 50: geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
Page 51 and 52: 3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
Page 53 and 54: analysis. In particular, GIS has be
Page 55 and 56: 3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
Page 59 and 60: For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
Page 61 and 62: cross sections in the hydraulic mod
Page 63 and 64: Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
Page 65 and 66: from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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To programmatically accomplish this
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to provide the hydraulic input for
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information into the extended Arc H
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The HydroJunction, used for connect
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Once the identification of flow cha
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As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
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4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
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accomplish this have been developed
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straight forward for all time stamp
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As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
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Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
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ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
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Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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channel (the hydraulic representati
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the model if the new configuration
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the main program as a public module
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Then, the RASCaller application acc
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Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
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Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
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Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
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data structures delivered by every
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The two most well-known models for
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The water surface elevations obtain
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Once the water surface elevations f
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Generate a suitable water surface m
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Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
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Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
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standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
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By doing this, the water surface el
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Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
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Int OperationThe Integer operation
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case that was developed for Map2Map
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contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
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design storm input given its possib
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Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
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for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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model for water resources (Maidment
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Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
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involved in the transformation of r
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process model in sequence. For the
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5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
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value of the entire runoff hydrogra
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case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
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The first step consists in installi
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3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
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Congratulations! You have successfu
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Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
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Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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