Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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20MIN, 30MIN, 1HOUR, 2HOUR, 3HOUR, 4HOUR, 6HOUR, 8HOUR, and12HOUR data intervals.If the block length is a day, the starting date must be the beginning of thatday: 24MAR1982 for a block length covering March 24. Used for 1MIN, 2MIN,3MIN, 4MIN, 5MIN, and 10MIN data intervals.In practice, the time interval (Part E) defines the block length and in turn,the block length defines the format of the valid starting date (Part D). That is, PartE determines the format of Part D. This means that for a 10MIN dataset coveringa period of 6 days there are 6 blocks of data (6 pathnames in DSS catalog). Tosome extent the HEC-DSS system might be considered a “time series blockmodel” and not a truly sequential time series model.Part F: This part relates to a unique descriptor of the data’s origin.Examples of this part might be the simulated scenario or plan that generated thedata, the name of the model run that generated the values, or the nature of the data(observed, simulated, and recorded, etc.).Taking advantage of the library and consideration for all the issuesaforementioned, an application (GDB2HMSDSS script tool) was developed in theVisual Basic 6.0 programming language and included as part of the Map2Mapworkflow. This tool also relies on the HEC Library of FORTRAN functions andsubroutines for time series data exchange (heclib50.dll, i.e., heclib version 5.0)containing all the functions needed for access to the HEC-DSS database system.This heclib50.dll is actually the same library used by the HEC-HMS and HEC-RAS models to read and write time series and curves from and into DSS at84
execution time and for their corresponding simulations and archival purposes. Allthe DSS functions and subroutines included in the library are well documented inits programmer’s manual (USACE, 1991).4.1.3.1 Accessing NEXRAD precipitation dataThe GDB2HMSDSS script tool is in charge of transferring rainfall timeseries data associated with each Watershed/Subbasin from the geodatabase to anHEC-DSS file that is referenced by the HEC-HMS model. Each schematic nodein the geodatabase matches a subbasin or junction element in the HMS basin file,identified by the HMSCode attribute field. This tool is called prior to callingHEC-HMS, so that the HMS project will have access to the latest rainfall datagenerated from the geographically integrated framework. In addition to addingthe rainfall time series to the HEC-DSS binary file, this tool also updates theHEC-HMS gage and control files accordingly to register the new storm event andits corresponding time simulation window. This sets up a complete HEC-HMSmodel configuration in which the new time series of rainfall contained in theHEC-DSS file will be appropriately used to drive the hydrologic simulation.After the radar precipitation records have been stored in GIS andassociated with the watersheds (subbasins in HEC-HMS nomenclature) by meansof the previous Time Series Transfer process, they need to be transferred from thegeodatabase time series tables to a HEC-DSS binary file to make them availablefor simulations by the HEC-HMS modeling system. The data exchange ofprecipitation records for each subbasin involves not only the time series valuesthemselves but also the corresponding descriptors for those datasets. As explained85
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
Page 45 and 46: geodatabase formatted with the Arc
Page 47 and 48: The CrossSection feature class in A
Page 49 and 50: geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
Page 51 and 52: 3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
Page 53 and 54: analysis. In particular, GIS has be
Page 55 and 56: 3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
Page 59 and 60: For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
Page 61 and 62: cross sections in the hydraulic mod
Page 63 and 64: Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
Page 65 and 66: from the geodatabase back into the
Page 67 and 68: Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
Page 69 and 70: Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
Page 71 and 72: Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
Page 75 and 76: etween the HEC-DSS file system and
Page 77 and 78: The more specific steps for the pos
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
Page 81 and 82: A subset of NEXRAD time series data
Page 83 and 84: A folder location is also provided
Page 85 and 86: Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
Page 87 and 88: ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
Page 89 and 90: Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
Page 91 and 92: having different formats and that a
Page 93: Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
Page 97 and 98: on the steps needed to transfer the
Page 99 and 100: Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
Page 101 and 102: 52: Invalid precision exponent spec
Page 103 and 104: methods: user hyetograph, user gage
Page 105 and 106: Once the hyetograph is defined (for
Page 107 and 108: The resulting runoff hydrograph is
Page 109 and 110: Thus, the time period for the entir
Page 111 and 112: After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
Page 113 and 114: Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
Page 115 and 116: ased on a process handle (a program
Page 117 and 118: These simple command line statement
Page 119 and 120: To programmatically accomplish this
Page 121 and 122: to provide the hydraulic input for
Page 123 and 124: information into the extended Arc H
Page 125 and 126: The HydroJunction, used for connect
Page 127 and 128: Once the identification of flow cha
Page 129 and 130: As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
Page 131 and 132: 4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
Page 133 and 134: accomplish this have been developed
Page 135 and 136: straight forward for all time stamp
Page 137 and 138: As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
Page 139 and 140: Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
Page 141 and 142: ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
Page 143 and 144: Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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channel (the hydraulic representati
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the model if the new configuration
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the main program as a public module
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Then, the RASCaller application acc
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Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
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Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
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Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
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data structures delivered by every
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The two most well-known models for
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The water surface elevations obtain
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Once the water surface elevations f
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Generate a suitable water surface m
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Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
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Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
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standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
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By doing this, the water surface el
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Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
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Int OperationThe Integer operation
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case that was developed for Map2Map
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contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
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design storm input given its possib
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Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
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for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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model for water resources (Maidment
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Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
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involved in the transformation of r
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process model in sequence. For the
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5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
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value of the entire runoff hydrogra
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case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
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The first step consists in installi
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3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
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Congratulations! You have successfu
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Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
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Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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