Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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Chapter 3 Methodology3.1 CONCEPTUAL DEFINITIONSThe development of the seamless and integrated system revolves aroundthree main models: Process models, Data Models, and a Workflow Model. Theprocess models represent the physical processes that need to be simulated(rainfall-runoff transformations and streamflow routing in this case), the DataModels support the geographic linkage between the two process models, and theWorkflow Model automates the series of tasks needed to convey data among thevarious components. In addition to these three main models, components dealingwith spatially referenced time series exchange need to be included for theintegration as well as components for accomplishing the final floodplaindelineation.In summary, the proposed integrated system must be able to acquireNEXRAD map time series to drive hydrologic simulations in HEC-HMS whosestreamflow outcome will feed the hydraulic model HEC-RAS, which provides theneeded water surface elevations to perform the final floodplain delineation to getthe flood inundation map.Figure 3.1 illustrates the geographic conceptual integration as it applies toRosillo Creek in the San Antonio River Basin starting with the ingestion of radarprecipitation data, execution of hydrologic simulations, transfer of flows througha geographic framework, executing the hydraulic simulations, and delineating thefloodplain.24
Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling SchematicFigure 3.2 provides the schematic for the above conceptual integrationwith all the sequential tasks needed to transform a rainfall map time series into aflood inundation map.Figure 3.2 Conceptual Elements to Convert a Rainfall Map to a Floodplain MapFigure 3.2 shows the involvement of the aforementioned three maincomponents: process models, data models, and the workflow model. Each of the25
Page 3 and 4: Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
Page 5 and 6: 4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
Page 7 and 8: Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
Page 9 and 10: Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
Page 11 and 12: Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
Page 13 and 14: for undeveloped or natural conditio
Page 15 and 16: All the previous statements favor t
Page 17 and 18: science, and engineering models as
Page 19 and 20: Different approaches have been used
Page 21 and 22: generic and self-described formats,
Page 23 and 24: externally executed from a central
Page 25 and 26: though GIS-based, the system does n
Page 27 and 28: Geographic Information Systems, Arc
Page 29 and 30: By defining the three basic functio
Page 31 and 32: containing an inventory of damage s
Page 33: Data Models in charge of storing an
Page 37 and 38: either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
Page 39 and 40: channel cross sections, available H
Page 41 and 42: sequential data, called pathnames,
Page 43 and 44: Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
Page 45 and 46: geodatabase formatted with the Arc
Page 47 and 48: The CrossSection feature class in A
Page 49 and 50: geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
Page 51 and 52: 3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
Page 53 and 54: analysis. In particular, GIS has be
Page 55 and 56: 3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
Page 57 and 58: Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
Page 59 and 60: For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
Page 61 and 62: cross sections in the hydraulic mod
Page 63 and 64: Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
Page 65 and 66: from the geodatabase back into the
Page 67 and 68: Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
Page 69 and 70: Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
Page 71 and 72: Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
Page 73 and 74: Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
Page 75 and 76: etween the HEC-DSS file system and
Page 77 and 78: The more specific steps for the pos
Page 79 and 80: Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
Page 81 and 82: A subset of NEXRAD time series data
Page 83 and 84: A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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To programmatically accomplish this
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to provide the hydraulic input for
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information into the extended Arc H
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The HydroJunction, used for connect
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Once the identification of flow cha
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As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
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4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
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accomplish this have been developed
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straight forward for all time stamp
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As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
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Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
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ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
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Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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channel (the hydraulic representati
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the model if the new configuration
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the main program as a public module
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Then, the RASCaller application acc
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Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
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Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
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Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
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data structures delivered by every
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The two most well-known models for
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The water surface elevations obtain
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Once the water surface elevations f
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Generate a suitable water surface m
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Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
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Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
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standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
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By doing this, the water surface el
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Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
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Int OperationThe Integer operation
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case that was developed for Map2Map
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contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
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design storm input given its possib
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Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
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for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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model for water resources (Maidment
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Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
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involved in the transformation of r
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process model in sequence. For the
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5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
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value of the entire runoff hydrogra
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case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
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The first step consists in installi
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3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
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Congratulations! You have successfu
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Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
Page 231 and 232:
Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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