Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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Besides this problem with the multiple pathname generation in HEC-DSS,it is also more convenient to have a complete HEC-RAS project in a singledirectory location that is fully self-contained and independent. For theaforementioned arguments, it was decided to filter the multiple DSS records inHMS to select only the needed time series records to obtain a consistent RASconfiguration.5.5 AN ENSEMBLE OF MODELS AND TOOLSThis research exposes the benefits of building a holistic system based onthree types of models, process models, data models, and workflow models. Theprocess models representing very specialized and stand-alone simulation modelsin charge of modeling physical processes, rainfall-runoff transformations andriver channel streamflow routing in this case.Two process models and an Arc Hydro data model for the study area arebeing executed as tools and referenced as source/target datasets together withcustomized and standard applications for the exchange of spatially referencedtime series and the spatial delineation of the floodplain maps. All the previouscomponents are ensemble on a workflow model represented by the ArcGISModelBuilder. By doing so, all the building blocks used in the conventionalpiecewise approach are being grout together to achieve a “seamless” integration.It is demonstrated in this research that the use of ArcGIS Model Builder toautomate the workflow sequence empowers a “GIS tool” to play the role oremulate of a full engineering model under a centrally managed geographicframework.194
5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomated Flood map generation based on the true spatial distribution ofthe main variables is another key contribution in this research. By consideringinterpolated water elevations for the generation of a continuous water surface anda detailed terrain surface over the entire floodplain the obtained flood inundationmaps are more consistent with the spatial configuration of the floodplain.Thus, the developed floodplain modeling system can help providedistributed flood assessments as opposed to the traditional concept of aggregationto a damage index location that represents the hydrologic, hydraulic, andeconomic conditions of an entire floodplain section (regular lumped assessmentapproach). By doing this, the true spatial nature of the floodplain is consideredand reflected in more accurate flood assessment studies.5.7 A REGIONAL APPROACHMost flood studies are developed at the local scale and by local agenciesfor the purpose of evaluating proposed projects with the potential to mitigateflood hazards. Normally, this type of flood studies does not consider regionaleffects on the local flood magnitudes and is based not only on outdated base floodevents that miss new regional developments but also on localized flood controlprojects that overlook regional controls.By representing a complete end-to-end integration that involvescomponents from the initial meteorology and hydrology all the way to thesubsequent hydraulic and flood delineation, it is possible to readily reflect theeffects of basin wide developments or alterations on runoff generation. Therefore,195
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
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geodatabase formatted with the Arc
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The CrossSection feature class in A
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geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
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3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
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analysis. In particular, GIS has be
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3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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To programmatically accomplish this
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to provide the hydraulic input for
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information into the extended Arc H
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The HydroJunction, used for connect
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Once the identification of flow cha
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As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
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4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
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accomplish this have been developed
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straight forward for all time stamp
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As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
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Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
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ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
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Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
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There are not specific valid values
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catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
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4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
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channel (the hydraulic representati
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Page 157 and 158: Then, the RASCaller application acc
Page 159 and 160: Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
Page 165 and 166: data structures delivered by every
Page 167 and 168: The two most well-known models for
Page 169 and 170: The water surface elevations obtain
Page 171 and 172: Once the water surface elevations f
Page 173 and 174: Generate a suitable water surface m
Page 175 and 176: Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
Page 177 and 178: Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
Page 179 and 180: standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
Page 181 and 182: By doing this, the water surface el
Page 183 and 184: Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
Page 185 and 186: Int OperationThe Integer operation
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Page 189 and 190: contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
Page 191 and 192: design storm input given its possib
Page 193 and 194: Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
Page 195 and 196: for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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Page 199 and 200: Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
Page 201 and 202: involved in the transformation of r
Page 203: process model in sequence. For the
Page 207 and 208: time series between NEXRAD, the HEC
Page 209 and 210: value of the entire runoff hydrogra
Page 211 and 212: case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
Page 213 and 214: The first step consists in installi
Page 215 and 216: 3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
Page 217 and 218: Congratulations! You have successfu
Page 219 and 220: Once the simplified version of Arc
Page 221 and 222: cells that cover your study area an
Page 223 and 224: Second, the user needs to modify th
Page 225 and 226: Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
Page 227 and 228: o hmsproj - contains folders with H
Page 229 and 230: Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
Page 231 and 232: Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
Page 233 and 234: Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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