Converting a NEXRAD Rainfall Map into a Flood Inundation Map by ...

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XML2GDB tool at runtime. Figure 4.40 shows the schematic of this applicationunder the ModelBuilder workflow.Figure 4.40 XML2XSElev Model ComponentFrom the programmatic standpoint, the application first gets a hold of thesource XML document and navigates through it to extract the flow profile namesused for the hydraulic simulation in HEC-RAS. All the profile names found arestored in a collection of profile names called “colProfiles” for later reference inthe code. Once the XML2XSElev application knows the outcome flow profiles itadds the profile elevation fields to the cross section feature class.Next, the application reads the cross section feature class and loopsthrough each cross section features extracting the RASCode “triplet” (a stringmade up of the combination of StreamID, ReachID, and Station as shown inFigure 4.39) identifying it. After extracting the RASCode for each cross section,the application navigates the XML file (using the DOM as an object orientedparsing tool) and gets the water surface elevation value for the current crosssection RASCode and for each profile.160
Once the water surface elevations for the current cross section areextracted they get stored into a collection of elevations (colElevs). Once theapplication has extracted the elevations for the current cross section feature itloops through the previously created collection of profiles (colProfiles) and writesthe elevation values in the corresponding field matching the profile name in thecollection of profiles. This process is repeated for each cross section feature in theArc Hydro geodatabase.The application then finishes execution by doing some standardprogramming tasks like closing the edit session for the workspace objectrepresenting the Arc Hydro geodatabase, saves the edits (new added profile fieldsand populated elevation values) and flushes the memory space being used by allthe instantiated objects in the program.In summary, the geospatial outputs from HEC-RAS include cross sections(2D cut lines), with water surface elevations for one or several profiles, and watersurface bounds for each reach. The output cross section data can be read into aGIS layer and continuous water surface elevations between cross sectionsobtained by some type of spatial interpolation. Once all the necessary informationis contained in GIS format, inundated areas can be mapped by comparing theinterpolated water surface with the ground surface. To accomplish this, a series ofgeoprocessing steps needs to be undertaken which can now be wired together bymeans of the ArcGIS ModelBuilder. The next section describes each step(geoprocess) individually and the possible alternatives that can be used to achievethe same goals.161
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Table of ContentsList of Figures ..
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4.1.12 The XML2GDB Script Tool ....
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Figure 3.24 Components of a Steady
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Figure 4.50 Create Flood Inundation
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Chapter 1 Introduction1.1 BACKGROUN
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for undeveloped or natural conditio
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All the previous statements favor t
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science, and engineering models as
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Different approaches have been used
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generic and self-described formats,
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externally executed from a central
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though GIS-based, the system does n
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Geographic Information Systems, Arc
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By defining the three basic functio
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containing an inventory of damage s
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Data Models in charge of storing an
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Figure 3.1 Floodplain Modeling Sche
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either with Schematic Nodes (for Su
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channel cross sections, available H
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sequential data, called pathnames,
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Figure 3.5 NEXRAD square cells (873
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geodatabase formatted with the Arc
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The CrossSection feature class in A
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geodatabase (under Arc Hydro format
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3.4.4 External Execution of HEC-RAS
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analysis. In particular, GIS has be
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3.5.3 Model-Specific ElementsA geog
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Figure 3.11 Geographic and Hydrolog
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For HEC-RAS, the connectivity is ac
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cross sections in the hydraulic mod
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Section line for a RAS cross-sectio
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from the geodatabase back into the
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Figure 3.19 Relationship Classes fo
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Figure 3.20 DSS Time Series content
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Figure 3.22 Extended Time Series Co
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Figure 3.23 Creating a Flow File fr
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etween the HEC-DSS file system and
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The more specific steps for the pos
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Chapter 4 Map2Map Components4.1 MOD
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A subset of NEXRAD time series data
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A folder location is also provided
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Figure 4.4 Radar2GDB Model Componen
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ecords. Figure 4.6 illustrates the
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Figure 4.8 Time Series Tables and R
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having different formats and that a
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Part E: Time Interval of stored dat
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execution time and for their corres
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on the steps needed to transfer the
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Len_sBTime (I): The length of the s
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52: Invalid precision exponent spec
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methods: user hyetograph, user gage
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Once the hyetograph is defined (for
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The resulting runoff hydrograph is
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Thus, the time period for the entir
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After the ZSRTS subroutine is execu
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Figure 4.12 HMSCaller Model Compone
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ased on a process handle (a program
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These simple command line statement
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Page 123 and 124: information into the extended Arc H
Page 125 and 126: The HydroJunction, used for connect
Page 127 and 128: Once the identification of flow cha
Page 129 and 130: As with the GDB2HMSDSS, the first t
Page 131 and 132: 4.1.7 Time Series ExtractionOnce th
Page 133 and 134: accomplish this have been developed
Page 135 and 136: straight forward for all time stamp
Page 137 and 138: As opposed to HEC-DSS, the Arc Hydr
Page 139 and 140: Table 4.4: Variable Type Equivalenc
Page 141 and 142: ZCAT DSS subroutines) and stored in
Page 143 and 144: Table 4.5: Time Interval Equivalenc
Page 145 and 146: There are not specific valid values
Page 147 and 148: catalog list. For the DSS2GDB appli
Page 149 and 150: 4.1.9.1 Opening the HEC-DSS fileThe
Page 151 and 152: channel (the hydraulic representati
Page 153 and 154: the model if the new configuration
Page 155 and 156: the main program as a public module
Page 157 and 158: Then, the RASCaller application acc
Page 159 and 160: Figure 4.31 ProjectName Property in
Page 161 and 162: Figure 4.33 RunSteady Method in RAS
Page 163 and 164: Figure 4.34 ExportGIS Method in RAS
Page 165 and 166: data structures delivered by every
Page 167 and 168: The two most well-known models for
Page 169: The water surface elevations obtain
Page 173 and 174: Generate a suitable water surface m
Page 175 and 176: Figure 4.42 2 Foot-Contour Lines fo
Page 177 and 178: Figure 4.43 Rosillo Creek’s terra
Page 179 and 180: standard ArcGIS tool), is used in M
Page 181 and 182: By doing this, the water surface el
Page 183 and 184: Figure 4.49 Create Flood Polygon Mo
Page 185 and 186: Int OperationThe Integer operation
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Page 189 and 190: contours (isohyetals) or by interpo
Page 191 and 192: design storm input given its possib
Page 193 and 194: Figure 4.55 Workflow for Extracting
Page 195 and 196: for it. Finally, the DigitalStorm2H
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Page 199 and 200: Hydro, the HydroJunctionHasCrossSec
Page 201 and 202: involved in the transformation of r
Page 203 and 204: process model in sequence. For the
Page 205 and 206: 5.6 A TRUE SPATIAL APPROACHAutomate
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Page 209 and 210: value of the entire runoff hydrogra
Page 211 and 212: case study. Bigger watersheds (abov
Page 213 and 214: The first step consists in installi
Page 215 and 216: 3.7 Map2Map UsageAll of the model b
Page 217 and 218: Congratulations! You have successfu
Page 219 and 220: Once the simplified version of Arc
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cells that cover your study area an
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Second, the user needs to modify th
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Appendix BMap2Map CD Content1 CD Da
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o hmsproj - contains folders with H
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Goodchild, M.F., Steyaert, L.T., an
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Olsen R. J., Beling, P. A., Lambert
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Werner, M. G. F. 2001. Impact of gr
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