Alexander : a history of the origin and growth of the art of war from ...

158 KATE OF PAY.population, and being illy armed and not subjected to muchdiscipline, were never apt to be steady or reliable. It remainedfor Alexander to put them under strict discipline, usethem on the service to which they were peculiarly adapted,and thus make their worth apparent.There is nothing definite known as to the rate of pay.Cyruspaid the hoplites under Clearchus a daric, about four dollars,a month. Demosthenes, in the Philippics, refers to thepay of a foot soldier as being ten drachmas ( = two dollars)a month.There was an arrangement between the Atheniansand the Argives to pay a drachma of ^gina a day to eachhorseman, and three oboli for a foot-soldier, twenty-seven andthirteen cents respectively. A man who lost a limb in warreceived an obol (four cents + ) a day.Sinope and Heracleaoffered Xenophon's men one stater of Cyzicus a month.Seuthesoffered them the same sum, which is five dollars and fiftycents.Others offered a daric (four dollars) a month per man.Droysen makes a detailed calculation, suggesting that themonthly pay of the Macedonian horseman was three hundreddrachmas, about sixty dollars ; of the allied horsemantwo hundred and fifty drachmas, about fifty dollars ; of thepezetaeri one hundred drachmas, about twenty dollars ;of thelight-infantryman eighty-four drachmas, about seventeen dollars; and adds a similar amount to each for rations. Fromolden time it was the habit among the Greeks to give thesoldier a sura equal to his pay for rations. But these sumsare manifestly too high. Alexander may have distributedlargesses to his men to this extent or more ;but that the regularcompensation was anything like so much appears doubtful.The daric a month seems nearer the truth ; or perhapsDroysen's figures are intended for the annual stipend.When the entire army was drawn up in line of battle,though indeed the order was much varied in the field, accord-