Alexander : a history of the origin and growth of the art of war from ...

DIANA OF THE EPHESIANS. 255fortune for Alexander. Its citadel might possibly have kepthim as long at bay as Tyre did subsequently ; and a delaynow, in the moment when his victorious advance was beginningto make a marked impression on the susceptible Asiaticmind, would have been a grievous check to his prestige.Theking showed his appreciation of these facts in his conducttowards the city. Sardis and the satrapy of Lydia, in additionto many privileges, were held but to pay the same tributeto Alexander which it had been usual to pay to Darius.From Sardis, Alexander marched in four days to Ephesus,the queen of the Ionian cities. This place also opened itsgates, and the king broke up the tyrannical oligarchy thereresTnant, and established in its stead a democratic form ofgovernment. AVherever the democratic feeling was strong,there was opposition to Persian tyranny, and Alexander wasnaturally received with open arms. He here ordered the tribute,hitherto payable to Darius, to be contributed to the templeof Diana, and himself paid the highest honors at hershrine, which he commanded to be rebuilt in the most superbmanner by his engineer, Denocrates. It wiU be rememberedthat this temple was burned on the day of Alexander's birth.His liberal treatment of this city, and especially of its tutelarydivinity, gave to his name immense popularity.It was hei-e that the great painter Apelles lived, and doubtlessthe picture by him of Alexander holding thunderbolts inhis hand, which is known long to have been an ornament ofthe temple of Diana, dates from the time of this visit. Atthis place Alexander also received deputations from Trallesand Magnesia, and from some other Carian cities, tenderingsubmission. Parmenio, with five thousand foot and two hundredhorse, was sent to Caria to receive the surrenders ;andAntimachus, brother of the Somatophylax Lysimachus, withan equal force, to the iEolic and Ionic cities which were under