fina synchronised swimming manual for judges, coaches & referees

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2009 – 2013 FINA SYNCHRONISED SWIMMING MANUALFOR JUDGES, COACHES & REFEREES3. AN INTRODUCTION TO JUDGING FREE ROUTINESSECTION IIIA. GENERAL OVERVIEWThe most difficult aspect of training a Synchronised Swimming judge is learninghow to judge routines. It is the most difficult aspect because there are morevariables to consider and potential judges have such varied backgrounds. Seehow differently the following judges might initially evaluate a routine:Judge A - background - former World Class swimmerJudge B - background - classical music majorJudge C - background - interested parentIt is therefore important that the trainer of judges makes certain that the judge istrained to be as objective as possible. The ultimate in this regard is to free thejudge of her/his own prejudices and/or limitations so that he can become a fair,objective judge who can evaluate a routine without any predisposition.In addition to the examples previously given, it is extremely important that thejudge evaluate the swimmer(s) using the judging criteria as “defined in the rules”.The judge will assign a score for each component of the Technical Merit and theArtistic Impression scores.B. TECHNICAL MERITTechnical Merit is the level of excellence demonstrated by the swimmer’smastery of highly specialised skills. The Technical Merit score covers threeareas: Execution, Synchronisation and Difficulty.1. Judging Executiona. Strokes and Propulsion Techniques should have a maximum resultwith a minimum of effort; in a word - efficiency. The swimmer who hasexcellent stroke and propulsion techniques will:- be high in relation to the surface of the water- be smooth and effortless in movement- use an appropriate kick with the strokes performedRotary kick (eggbeater) - this technique is very important in SynchronisedSwimming. Its primary use is as a support technique in connection witharm movements. It is used for propulsion when the body is upright and/ormoving from the vertical to horizontal plane or vice versa. It may also beused for propulsion sideways. Whether it is used to move the body2009 – 2013 FINA Synchronised Swimming Manual for Judges, Coaches & Referees 144
2009 – 2013 FINA SYNCHRONISED SWIMMING MANUALFOR JUDGES, COACHES & REFEREESSECTION IIIforwards, sideways or backwards, the execution should be such that thebody is carried high and moves smoothly, without any bouncing. It shouldnot be used in lieu of the proper kick when performing standard swimmingstrokes. When this does occur, the effect will be an awkward lookingstroke that is not efficient and detracts from the performance.In evaluating the strokes and propulsion techniques, the judge needs tobe aware of the endurance level of these skills. Very often the strokes,etc. begin on one level and as the routine progresses, they drop. Thejudge therefore needs to be aware of the height, strength, and power ofthe strokes and propulsion techniques throughout the routine. A top levelswimmer is expected to maintain the highest quality of execution of herstrokes and propulsion techniques from start to finish.One problem that the judge frequently faces is that many competitorswork to achieve a high degree of skill in figures, but do not develop thestrokes to the same level. To be excellent in Synchronised Swimming,the competitor must be an excellent swimmer. The judge must evaluatethe swimming strokes and propulsion techniques and consider thisevaluation when awarding the overall grade for Technical Merit.In duets and teams, the accuracy of matching the degrees of the anglesof the arms, legs, etc. is considered under the execution portion of theTechnical Merit mark.b. Figures and Parts ThereofEarlier in this manual, detailed attention has been given to the judging ofthe component parts of figures. All of the basic principles apply whenevaluating the figures or hybrid figure movements executed in a routine.All figures, be they standard or hybrid, have a beginning, middle and end.There is a tendency by some to cut-off the endings of figures. Thisphenomenon is particularly true on vertical descents. When this occurs, adeduction is made under the execution portion of the Technical Meritscore. If this occurs repeatedly in a routine, then a deduction would alsobe made under the choreography portion of the Artistic Impression score.As you go down the scale of excellence, the desired elements will be lessby degree and in some cases non-existent.Efficiency is also important in judging figures and/or parts thereof. Theswimmer should be high, smooth, precise and effortless in executingpositions, movements, and transitions. A common error is to attempt toperform at a higher water level than the swimmer is capable of smoothlycontrolling. The excellent swimmer will demonstrate a high degree ofstrength, as well as proficiency of technique. The competitor that hasachieved this high balance between strength and technique will not need2009 – 2013 FINA Synchronised Swimming Manual for Judges, Coaches & Referees 145
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