fina synchronised swimming manual for judges, coaches & referees

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2009 – 2013 FINA SYNCHRONISED SWIMMING MANUALFOR JUDGES, COACHES & REFEREESSECTION III! UnderwaterActions matched as much as possible with tuck-outs at the same time,kicks on the same beats [breast and side kicks especially] and armssynchronised in support sculls and spin actions.! Return to surfaceSurfacing actions matched as much as possible, with the designated bodypart breaking the surface simultaneously or at clearly designed times.! Floats, stacks, lifts, throws, platformsWhatever the action, it must be achieved at the precise moment or clearlydesigned intervals.2. SYNCHRONISATION with the musicSynchronisation to the music can only be loosely defined since it may becoordination with the rhythm, the melody, or even its accents. Caution must betaken to avoid making the Music Interpretation element of Artistic Impressionand Synchronisation with the music one and the same.! Types of synchronisationThe judge must consider whether the synchronizing of the routine is to therhythm, melody, accents or highlights and whether there issynchronisation with the special effects in the music which are used forspins, rockets, boosts, stacks, lifts and throws.! Tempo and tempo changesAction should be related to the music's tempo and whether changes ofpace of the movements are made as the tempo changes.! Clear actions matched throughoutAll actions should be clearly supported by the qualities of the music.Sequences and peel-offs must be exactly timed to the music..The key to excellence in synchronisation is the harmonious blend of theswimmers with the music and with each other.2009 – 2013 FINA Synchronised Swimming Manual for Judges, Coaches & Referees 158
2009 – 2013 FINA SYNCHRONISED SWIMMING MANUALFOR JUDGES, COACHES & REFEREESSECTION III8. JUDGING DIFFICULTYDifficulty is justifiably, a large part of the Technical Merit score, counting 40% in Soloand 30% for Duets and Teams. The difficulty level of a routine is a test of theswimmer's skill level. In evaluating Difficulty, the judge determines the magnitude ofthat challenge for the competitor. The best routines will include actions of high leveldifficulty distributed throughout the routine from beginning to end. When athletesmeet the challenge with demonstrations of excellent execution of difficult actions, fullcredit must be given. Analysis of the routine must always determine whether theexecution performance may have devalued the difficulty. For example, a full twist atmid-calf height cannot be credited with the same difficulty as a full twist with a waterlevel above the knees.Judging the difficulty of a routine is a complex task requiring a high level ofknowledge and experience. The knowledge and understanding of factors governingthe relative difficulties of various figure transitions must be applied to the analysis ofall kinds of actions in the routines, not just the figures. Judges must also consider thedifficulty of all strokes and propulsion, figures and hybrids, transitions, riskmovements, patterns and pool coverage.Judges Consider:1. DIFFICULTY of strokes and propulsion techniquesThe difficulty of strokes and propulsion is related to the amount of energy, powerand strength needed to perform the movements, as well as their complexity.! Energy required for movements:Difficulty increases as stress is placed on the cardiovascular systemthrough the demands of the routine such as the:- tempo (quick paced more demanding)- amount of travel (distance covered)- speed of travel- routine content (maintaining height, underwater time, number ofdifficult actions closely spaced in time).! Power and strength neededMoving powerfully and continuously throughout the routine is moredemanding than a routine with significant resting spots. Strong propulsionshould be evident when slower tempos are used.2009 – 2013 FINA Synchronised Swimming Manual for Judges, Coaches & Referees 159
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