Table 4.62 Financial return on <strong>investment</strong> (thousands <strong>of</strong> Euros)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Product A 0 1,200 1,800 3,060 4,766 4,934 5,108 5,287 5,473 5,665Product B 0 750 1,050 1,680 2,206 2,272 2,341 2,412 2,485 2,534Product C 0 2,400 3,840 6,912 20,798 27,119 27,744 28,384 29,038 29,708SALES 0 4,350 6,690 11,652 27,770 34,325 35,193 36,083 36,996 37,907Raw materials 0 2,219 3,412 5,943 14,163 17,506 17,948 18,402 18,868 19,333Labour 0 295 820 1,418 1,435 1,452 1,469 1,486 1,504 1,522Electricity 0 178 281 501 1,222 1,545 1,619 1,696 1,776 1,857Fuel 0 231 375 687 1,722 2,231 2,393 2,562 2,738 2,919Maintenance 0 131 201 350 833 1,030 1,056 1,082 1,110 1,137General industrial costs 0 124 181 297 666 772 739 704 666 625Administrative costs 0 126 187 315 722 858 845 830 814 796Sales expenditure 0 114 173 297 647 781 802 823 844 865TOTAL OPERATING <strong>COST</strong>S 0 3,418 5,630 9,808 21,410 26,175 26,871 27,585 28,320 29,054RETIREMENT BONUS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Land 3,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Buildings 6,000 6,000 5,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0New Equipment 10,000 14,000 18,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Used Equipment 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Extraordinary Maintenance 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0FIXED ASSETS 19,000 20,000 23,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Licenses 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Patents 0 0 500 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Other pre-production expenses 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0PRE-PRODUCTION EXPENDITURE 0 0 1,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Investments costs 19,000 20,000 24,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Cash 50 125 90 90 90 90 90 90 90 90Client 110 460 600 600 600 600 600 600 600 600S<strong>to</strong>ck 1,400 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000 2,000Current Liabilities 1,060 1,185 1,190 1,190 1,190 1,190 1,190 1,190 1,190 1,190Net working capital 500 1,400 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500 1,500Variations in working capital 500 900 100 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Replacement <strong>of</strong> short-life equipment 0 0 0 0 0 240 420 540 296 518Residual value 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 -28,000Other <strong>investment</strong> items 0 0 0 0 0 240 420 540 296 -27,482TOTAL INVESTMENT <strong>COST</strong>S 19,500 20,900 24,100 0 0 240 420 540 296 -27,482TOTAL EXPENDITURE 19,500 24,318 29,730 9,808 21,410 26,415 27,291 28,125 28,616 1,572NET CASH FLOW -19,500 -19,968 -23,040 1,844 6,360 7,910 7,902 7,958 8,380 36,335Discount Rate 5.0%FNPV (C) -5,472.5FRR (C) 3.3%194
Table 4.63 Financial return on national capital (thousands <strong>of</strong> Euros)1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10Product A 0 1,200 1,800 3,060 4,766 4,934 5,108 5,287 5,473 5665Product B 0 750 1,050 1,680 2,206 2,272 2,341 2,412 2,485 2534Product C 0 2,400 3,840 6,912 20,798 27,119 27,744 28,384 29,038 29,708SALES 0 4,350 6,690 11,652 27,770 34,325 35,193 36,083 36,996 37,907RESIDUAL VALUE 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 28,000TOTAL REVENUES 0 4,350 6,690 11,652 27,770 34,325 35,193 36,083 36,996 65,907Raw materials 0 2,219 3,412 5,943 14,163 17,506 17,948 18,402 18,868 19,333Labour 0 295 820 1,418 1,435 1,452 1,469 1,486 1,504 1,522Electricity 0 178 281 501 1,222 1,545 1,619 1,696 1,776 1,857Fuel 0 231 375 687 1,722 2,231 2,393 2,562 2,738 2,919Maintenance 0 131 201 350 833 1,030 1,056 1,082 1,110 1,137General industrial costs 0 124 181 297 666 772 739 704 666 625Administrative costs 0 126 187 315 722 858 845 830 814 796Sales expenditure 0 114 173 297 647 781 802 823 844 865TOTAL OPERATING <strong>COST</strong>S 0 3418 5630 9808 21410 26175 26871 27585 28320 29054Bonds and other financial resources o 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0EIB loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Other loans 0 0 0 500 500 250 200 150 100 50INTEREST 0 0 0 500 500 250 200 150 100 50RETIREMENT BONUS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Bonds and other financial resources 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0EIB loans 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Other loans 0 0 0 5,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000LOANS REIMBURSEMENT 0 0 0 5,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000 1,000PRIVATE EQUITY 10,500 15,468 7,640 0 0 0 0 0 0 0TOTAL NATIONAL PUBLICCONTRIBUTION4,725 0 0 0 0 0 0 0TOTAL EXPENDITURE 15,225 18,886 13,270 10,308 26,910 27,425 28,071 28,735 29,420 30,104NET CASH FLOW -15,225 -14,536 -6,580 1,344 860 6,900 7,122 7,348 7,576 35,803Discount Rate 5.0%FNPV (K) 10,458.2FRR (K) 9.3%195
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ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONSBAUB/CCBA
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TABLESTable 2.1 Financial analysis
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FIGURESFigure 1.1 Project cost spre
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Cohesion Fund, and through the leve
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or the plant will not reveal excess
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CHAPTER ONEPROJECT APPRAISAL IN THE
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Some specifications for financial t
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FOCUS: INFORMATION REQUIREDGeneral
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In particular, CBA results should p
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CHAPTER TWOAN AGENDA FOR THE PROJEC
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objectives, are, as far as possible
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considered the appropriate shadow p
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2.3.2 Feasibility analysisFeasibili
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This approach will be presented in
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Current assets include:- receivable
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The following items are usually not
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Mainly, the examiner uses the FRR(C
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The dynamics of the incoming flows
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eturn on their own capital (Kp). Th
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While the approach presented in thi
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2.5.1 Conversion of market to accou
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Table 2.9 Electricity price dispers
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2.5.1.2 Fiscal correctionsSome item
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previously estimated in projects wi
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FOCUS: ENPV VS. FNPVThe difference
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2.6 Risk assessmentProject appraisa
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Table 2.14 Impact analysis of criti
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Figure 2.6 Probability distribution
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eneficiary. The project proposer sh
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There are many ways to design an MC
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PROJECT APPRAISAL CHECK-LISTCONTEXT
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- reduction of congestion by elimin
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- the methods applied to estimate e
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- the marginal external costs: cong
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- the benefits for the existing tra
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The following tables show some refe
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3.1.1.6 Risk assessmentDue to their
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As shown in Figure 3.1, only under
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3.1.3.7 Other project evaluation ap
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- Waste Management Hierarchy rules
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The time horizon for a project anal
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3.2.1.7 Other project evaluation ap
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every user support the total costs
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Territorial reference frameworkIf t
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Cycle and phases of the projectGrea
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One of the most important aims of t
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projects, as in other sectors in wh
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3.2.3.2 Project identificationBasic
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3.2.3.7 Other project evaluation ap
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In order to evaluate the overall im
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for regassification plants, number
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Examples of objectives are:- change
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decontamination if any;- the techni
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3.3.3.6 Risk AnalysisCritical facto
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3.3.4.6 Risk assessmentCritical fac
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3.4.1.5 Economic analysisThe follow
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Financial inflows• Admission fees
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expectancy suitably adjusted by the
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The time horizon for project analys
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A Cost-Benefit Analysis should cons
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CHAPTER FOURCASE STUDIESOverviewThi
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- finally, there is the traffic tha
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c) Road users producer’s surplus:
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4.1.5 Scenario analysisTwo scenario
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The financial performance indicator
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Table 4.10 Economic analysis (Milli
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Table 4.12 Financial return on capi
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GLOSSARYAccounting period: the inte
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Market price: the price at which a
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BIBLIOGRAPHY1. ReferencesBelli, P.,
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Ray, A. 1984, Cost-benefit analysis
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EnvironmentGeneralAtkinson, G., 200
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European Commission, DG Tren, 2003,