Handbook for Methane Control in Mining - AMMSA

More documents

Recommendations

Info

125REFERENCESChen H–Y, Teufel LW [2000]. A new rate-time type curve for analysis of tight-gas linear andradial flows. SPE paper 63094. Richardson, TX: Society of Petroleum Engineers.Creedy DP [1986]. Methods for the evaluation of seam gas content from measurements on coalsamples. Min Sci Technol 3(2):141–160.Curl SJ [1978]. Methane prediction in coal mines. London: IEA Coal Research.Diamond WP [1982]. Site-specific and regional geologic considerations for coalbed gas drainage.Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 8898. NTIS No.PB83157685.Diamond WP, Levine JR [1981]. Direct method determination of the gas content of coal: proceduresand results. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, RI 8515.NTIS No. PB81196735.Diamond WP, Schatzel SJ [1998]. Measuring the gas content of coal: a review. Int J Coal Geol35(1–4):311–331.Diamond WP, LaScola JC, Hyman DM [1986]. Results of direct-method determination of thegas content of U.S. coalbeds. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of MinesIC 9067. NTIS No. PB86205325.Diamond WP, Ulery JP, Kravits SJ [1992]. Determining the source of longwall gob gas: lowerKittanning coalbed, Cambria County, PA. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior,Bureau of Mines, RI 9430.Hanby KP [1991]. The use of production profiles for coalbed methane valuation. Paper 9117.In: Proceedings of the International Coalbed Methane Symposium (Tuscaloosa, AL, May 13–16,1991). Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama.Itasca Consulting Group [2000]. Fast Lagrangian analysis of continua. 2nd ed. Minneapolis,MN: Itasca Consulting Group, Inc.Karacan CO, Diamond WP, Esterhuizen GS, Schatzel SJ [2005]. Numerical analysis of theimpact of longwall panel width on methane emissions and performance of gob gas ventholes.In: Proceedings of the International Coalbed Methane Symposium (Tuscaloosa, AL, May 18–19,2005). Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama, pp. 1–28.Kim AG [1977]. Estimating methane content of bituminous coalbeds from adsorption data.Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, RI 8245. NTIS No.PB271218.King GR [1993]. Material balance techniques for coal seam and Devonian shale gas reservoirswith limited water influx. SPE Reservoir Eng Feb:67–72.
126King GR, Ertekin T [1989a]. A survey of mathematical models related to methane productionfrom coal seams. Part 1: Empirical and equilibrium sorption models. In: Proceedings of theInternational Coalbed Methane Symposium (Tuscaloosa, AL, April 17–21, 1989). Tuscaloosa,AL: University of Alabama, pp. 125–138.King GR, Ertekin T [1989b]. A survey of mathematical models related to methane productionfrom coal seams. Part 2: Nonequilibrium sorption models. In: Proceedings of the InternationalCoalbed Methane Symposium (Tuscaloosa, AL, April 17–21, 1989). Tuscaloosa, AL:University of Alabama, pp. 139–155.King GR, Ertekin T [1991]. State-of-the-art modeling for unconventional gas recovery. SPEFormation Eval Mar:63–71.Kissell FN, McCulloch CM, Elder CH [1973]. The direct method of determining methane contentof coalbeds for ventilation design. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureauof Mines, RI 7767. NTIS No. PB221628.Lamberson MN, Bustin RM [1993]. Coalbed methane characteristics of Gates Formation coals,northeastern British Columbia: effect of maceral composition. AAPG Bull 77(12):2062–2076.Lunarzewski LW [1998]. Gas emission prediction and recovery in underground coal mines.Int J Coal Geol 35(1–4):117–145.McFall KS, Wicks DE, Kuuskraa VA [1986]. A geologic assessment of natural gas from coalseams in the Warrior basin, Alabama. Gas Research Institute, GRI Topical Report 86/0272.McLennan JD, Shafer PS, Pratt TJ [1995]. A guide to determining coalbed gas content. GRI–94/0396. Chicago, IL: Gas Research Institute.Mucho TP, Diamond WP, Garcia F, Byars JD, Cario SL [2000]. Implications of recent NIOSHtracer gas studies on bleeder and gob gas ventilation design. SME preprint 00–8. Littleton, CO:Society for Mining, Metallurgy, and Exploration, Inc.Noack K [1998]. Control of gas emissions in underground coal mines. Int J Coal Geol 35(1–4):57–82.Saulsberry JL, Shafer PS, Schraufnagel RA, eds. [1996]. A guide to coalbed methane reservoirengineering. GRI–94/0397. Chicago, IL: Gas Research Institute.Schatzel SJ, Garcia F, McCall FE [1992]. Methane sources and emissions on two longwallpanels of a Virginia coal mine. In: Proceedings of the Ninth Annual International PittsburghCoal Conference (Pittsburgh, PA, October 12–16, 1992), pp. 991–998.Ulery JP, Hyman DM [1991]. The modified direct method of gas content determination:application and results. In: Proceedings of the International Coalbed Methane Symposium(Tuscaloosa, AL, May 13–16, 1991). Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama, pp. 489–500.
Page 1 and 2:
TMIC 9486Information Circular/2006H
Page 3 and 4:
ORDERING INFORMATIONCopies of Natio
Page 5 and 6:
ILLUSTRATIONS—ContinuedPage4-6. U
Page 8:
HANDBOOK FOR METHANE CONTROL IN MIN
Page 11 and 12:
4Below 5%, called the lower explosi
Page 13 and 14:
6reduced pressure, except at very l
Page 15 and 16:
8Static electricity. Protection aga
Page 17 and 18:
10Figure 1-4.—Estimated methane c
Page 19 and 20:
12LAYERING OF METHANE AT THE MINE R
Page 21 and 22:
14good eyesight. 24methane level.Ot
Page 23 and 24:
16a material balance indicated that
Page 25 and 26:
18As an example, assume that themet
Page 27 and 28:
20Figure 1-10.—Relative frequency
Page 29 and 30:
22Davies AW, Isaac AK, Cook PM [200
Page 31 and 32:
24Margerson SNA, Robinson H, Wilkin
Page 33 and 34:
CHAPTER 2.—SAMPLING FOR METHANE I
Page 35 and 36:
29USING PORTABLE METHANE DETECTORST
Page 37 and 38:
Out-of-range gas concentrations in
Page 39 and 40:
Figure 2-3.—Recorder chart from a
Page 41 and 42:
35Industrial Scientific Corp. [2004
Page 43 and 44:
38peaks, not the overallmethane lev
Page 45 and 46:
40hung on J-hook assemblies, which
Page 47 and 48:
42Methane dilution effectiveness.Th
Page 49 and 50:
44found that effective scrubber ope
Page 51 and 52:
46When the scrubber exhaust is not
Page 53 and 54:
48Methane monitors are usually moun
Page 55 and 56:
50to use radial bits instead of con
Page 57 and 58:
52Mott ML, Chuhta EJ [1991]. Face v
Page 59 and 60:
54Service, Centers for Disease Cont
Page 61 and 62:
56Methane accumulationsaround thesh
Page 63 and 64:
58corner and by 43% at supportNo. 4
Page 65 and 66:
60When using water sprays to reduce
Page 67 and 68:
62Cecala AB, Zimmer JA, Thimons ED
Page 69 and 70:
64DESIGNING BLEEDER SYSTEMSAs part
Page 71 and 72:
66Caved area characteristics. The c
Page 73 and 74:
68then move this gas into the activ
Page 75 and 76:
70perform tests to determine whethe
Page 77 and 78:
72A major purpose of the bleeder sy
Page 79 and 80: 74• Inlets to the pillared area n
Page 81 and 82: 76REFERENCESCFR. Code of federal re
Page 83 and 84: 78Methane is released into each min
Page 85 and 86: 80Figure 6-1.—Gas content of coal
Page 87 and 88: 82Figure 6-3.—Simplified illustra
Page 89 and 90: 842. In-mine inclined or vertical b
Page 91 and 92: 861. Packed cavity method and its v
Page 93 and 94: 88Table 6-3.—Methane capture rati
Page 95 and 96: 90Early experiences with this metho
Page 97 and 98: 9211. At the surface installation (
Page 99 and 100: 94• Estimated cost for moderately
Page 101 and 102: 96Thakur PC [1981]. Methane control
Page 103 and 104: 98Anomalous, unanticipated methane
Page 105 and 106: 100Vertical methane drainage boreho
Page 107 and 108: 102Figure 7-2 shows a mine entry ap
Page 109 and 110: 104obvious solution to this problem
Page 111 and 112: 106Figure 7-8.—Hypothetical gas c
Page 113 and 114: 108Lama and Bodziony [1998] compile
Page 115 and 116: 110In-mine methane drainage systems
Page 117 and 118: 112Iannacchione AT, Ulery JP, Hyman
Page 119 and 120: 114More sophisticated reservoir eng
Page 121 and 122: 116coal lithotype on gas content is
Page 123 and 124: 118FORECASTING REMAINING GAS-IN-PLA
Page 125 and 126: 120⎛ y⎞⎜⎛⎞ ⎛ ⎞= ⎜
Page 127 and 128: 122emissions. The geometry and size
Page 129: 124Reservoir models require a subst
Page 133 and 134: 128an area of 314 ft 2 would requir
Page 135 and 136: 130In the case of the abovementione
Page 137 and 138: 132FILLING SHAFTS AT CLOSED MINESFi
Page 139 and 140: 134Hinderfeld G [1995]. Ventilation
Page 141 and 142: 136To calculate the effectiveinert,
Page 143 and 144: 138exhaust. The remaining diesel ex
Page 145 and 146: 140required only 4 min. As a result
Page 147 and 148: 142Figure 11-1.—Desorption test a
Page 149 and 150: 144enclosed in a tunnel-like struct
Page 151 and 152: 146Kolada RJ [1985]. Investigation
Page 153 and 154: 148air in a 6-ft by 9-ft by 6.5-ft
Page 155 and 156: 150represents flammable mixtures. F
Page 157 and 158: 152• In Eastern Europe, petroleum
Page 159 and 160: 154Category II applies to domal sal
Page 161 and 162: 1562. Monitoring for gas and taking
Page 163 and 164: 158These mines typically have large
Page 165 and 166: 160Dave Graham is the safety and he
Page 167 and 168: 162Figure 13-2.—Examples of metha
Page 169 and 170: 164REFERENCESAndrews JN [1987]. Nob
Page 171 and 172: 166APPENDIX A.—ONTARIO OCCUPATION
Page 174 and 175: 169CHAPTER 14.—PREVENTING METHANE
Page 176 and 177: Ways to confirm the presence of gas
Page 178 and 179: 173The tunnel face is usually venti
Page 180 and 181:
175Figure 14-5.—TBM ventilation s
Page 182 and 183:
face. While one of these elements a
Page 184 and 185:
179ELIMINATING IGNITION SOURCESElec
Page 186 and 187:
181INDEXAAbnormally gassy faces....
Page 188 and 189:
183NNatural ventilation, coal silos
Page 190 and 191:
Delivering on the Nation’s Promis
show all

Handbook for Methane Control in Mining - AMMSA

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?