Handbook for Methane Control in Mining - AMMSA

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21Bakke P, Leach SJ, Slack A [1967]. On the general body concentration and other ventilationdata as a measure of the average risk of ignition. Min Eng (U.K.) Aug:762–774.Bielicki RJ, Kissell FN [1974]. Statistical analysis of methane concentrations produced byincomplete mixing of methane and air at a model coal mine working face. Pittsburgh, PA:U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, RI 7987.Boyer RF [1964]. Coal mine disasters: frequency by month. Science 144(Jun):1447–1449.Carter HN, Durst CS [1955]. The influence of barometric changes on the emission of firedamp.Trans Inst Min Eng 115:3–29.CEC [1985]. Investigation of methane emission and ignition risk at coalface machines. Finalreport on the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) research project 7225 – 11/08/068,October 1982 to September 1985, National Coal Board, Commission of the EuropeanCommunities.Cecala AB, Timko RJ, Pritchard CJ [1991]. Case study of controlled district recirculation.Min Eng 43(11):1351–1355.CFR. Code of federal regulations. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, Office ofthe Federal Register.Checca EL, Zuchelli DR [1995]. Lightning strikes and mine explosions. In: Wala AM, ed.Proceedings of the Seventh U.S. Mine Ventilation Symposium. Lexington, KY: University ofKentucky, pp. 245–250.Creedy DP [1991]. An introduction to geologic aspects of methane occurrence and control inBritish deep coal mines. Q J Eng Geol 24:209–220.Creedy DP [1996]. Methane prediction in collieries. Final project report, project COL 303.Braamfontein, Republic of South Africa: Safety in Mines Research Advisory Committee(SIMRAC) (www.simrac.co.za).Creedy DP, Phillips HR [1997]. Methane layering in bord-and-pillar workings. Final projectreport, project COL 409. Braamfontein, Republic of South Africa: Safety in Mines ResearchAdvisory Committee (SIMRAC) (www.simrac.co.za).CSA [1984]. Combustible gas detection instruments. Section 5.3.1, CSA standard C22.2No. 152–M1984 (product ID 2001201). Mississauga, Ontario: Canadian Standards Association.Coward HF, Ramsay HT [1965]. Ignition of firedamp by means other than electricity andexplosives: a review. Safety in Mines Research Establishment (U.K.), research report No. 221,October.
22Davies AW, Isaac AK, Cook PM [2000]. Investigation of a coal mine explosion and relevanceof risk assessment. Trans Inst Min Metall 109(May-Aug)(Sect A):A61–A69.Detroit Water and Sewerage Department [2005]. Remembering those who died. [http://www.dwsd.org/history/explosion.pdf]. Date accessed: December 2005.Diamond WP, Garcia F [1999]. Prediction of longwall methane emissions: an evaluation of theinfluence of mining practices on gas emissions and methane control systems. Pittsburgh, PA:U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, Centers for DiseaseControl and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, DHHS (NIOSH)Publication No. 99–150, RI 9649.Diamond WP, Levine JR [1981]. Direct method determination of the gas content of coal:procedures and results. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines,RI 8515. NTIS No. PB81196735.Diamond WP, LaScola JC, Hyman DM [1986]. Results of direct-method determination of thegas content of U.S. coalbeds. Pittsburgh, PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of MinesIC 9067. NTIS No. PB86205325.Diamond WP, Schatzel SJ, Garcia F, Ulery JP [2001]. The modified direct method: a solutionfor obtaining accurate coal desorption measurements. In: Proceedings of the InternationalCoalbed Methane Symposium. Tuscaloosa, AL: University of Alabama, pp. 331–342.Doyle BR [2001]. Hazardous gases underground. New York: Marcel Dekker, Inc.Eschenburg HWM [1977]. Note on the interaction between barometric pressure and methaneissuing from fissures. J Mine Vent Soc S Afr 30:203–204.Fauconnier CJ [1992]. Fluctuations in barometric pressure as a contributory factor to gasexplosions in south African mines. J S Afr Inst Min Metall 92(5):131–147.Füssell W, Hudewentz D [1974]. Die barometrische Ausgasung: Beobachtungen undBekämpfungsversuche (in German). Glückauf 110(24).Geldenhuys HJ, Eriksson AJ, Jackson WB, Raath, JB [1985]. Research into lightning-relatedincidents in shallow south African coal mines. In: Proceedings of the 21st InternationalConference of Safety in Mines Research Institutes (Sydney, New South Wales, Australia,October 21–25, 1985).Grau RH, LaScola JC [1984]. Methane emissions from U.S. coal mines in 1980. Pittsburgh,PA: U.S. Department of the Interior, Bureau of Mines, IC 8987. NTIS No. PB85112027.Holding W [1992]. A Re-look at explosibility diagrams. In: Proceedings of the Fifth InternationalMine Ventilation Congress (Johannesburg, Republic of South Africa, October 25–30,1992), pp. 171–181.
Page 1 and 2: TMIC 9486Information Circular/2006H
Page 3 and 4: ORDERING INFORMATIONCopies of Natio
Page 5 and 6: ILLUSTRATIONS—ContinuedPage4-6. U
Page 8: HANDBOOK FOR METHANE CONTROL IN MIN
Page 11 and 12: 4Below 5%, called the lower explosi
Page 13 and 14: 6reduced pressure, except at very l
Page 15 and 16: 8Static electricity. Protection aga
Page 17 and 18: 10Figure 1-4.—Estimated methane c
Page 19 and 20: 12LAYERING OF METHANE AT THE MINE R
Page 21 and 22: 14good eyesight. 24methane level.Ot
Page 23 and 24: 16a material balance indicated that
Page 25 and 26: 18As an example, assume that themet
Page 27: 20Figure 1-10.—Relative frequency
Page 31 and 32: 24Margerson SNA, Robinson H, Wilkin
Page 33 and 34: CHAPTER 2.—SAMPLING FOR METHANE I
Page 35 and 36: 29USING PORTABLE METHANE DETECTORST
Page 37 and 38: Out-of-range gas concentrations in
Page 39 and 40: Figure 2-3.—Recorder chart from a
Page 41 and 42: 35Industrial Scientific Corp. [2004
Page 43 and 44: 38peaks, not the overallmethane lev
Page 45 and 46: 40hung on J-hook assemblies, which
Page 47 and 48: 42Methane dilution effectiveness.Th
Page 49 and 50: 44found that effective scrubber ope
Page 51 and 52: 46When the scrubber exhaust is not
Page 53 and 54: 48Methane monitors are usually moun
Page 55 and 56: 50to use radial bits instead of con
Page 57 and 58: 52Mott ML, Chuhta EJ [1991]. Face v
Page 59 and 60: 54Service, Centers for Disease Cont
Page 61 and 62: 56Methane accumulationsaround thesh
Page 63 and 64: 58corner and by 43% at supportNo. 4
Page 65 and 66: 60When using water sprays to reduce
Page 67 and 68: 62Cecala AB, Zimmer JA, Thimons ED
Page 69 and 70: 64DESIGNING BLEEDER SYSTEMSAs part
Page 71 and 72: 66Caved area characteristics. The c
Page 73 and 74: 68then move this gas into the activ
Page 75 and 76: 70perform tests to determine whethe
Page 77 and 78: 72A major purpose of the bleeder sy
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74• Inlets to the pillared area n
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76REFERENCESCFR. Code of federal re
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78Methane is released into each min
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80Figure 6-1.—Gas content of coal
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82Figure 6-3.—Simplified illustra
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842. In-mine inclined or vertical b
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861. Packed cavity method and its v
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88Table 6-3.—Methane capture rati
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90Early experiences with this metho
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9211. At the surface installation (
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94• Estimated cost for moderately
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96Thakur PC [1981]. Methane control
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98Anomalous, unanticipated methane
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100Vertical methane drainage boreho
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102Figure 7-2 shows a mine entry ap
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104obvious solution to this problem
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106Figure 7-8.—Hypothetical gas c
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108Lama and Bodziony [1998] compile
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110In-mine methane drainage systems
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112Iannacchione AT, Ulery JP, Hyman
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114More sophisticated reservoir eng
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116coal lithotype on gas content is
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118FORECASTING REMAINING GAS-IN-PLA
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120⎛ y⎞⎜⎛⎞ ⎛ ⎞= ⎜
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122emissions. The geometry and size
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124Reservoir models require a subst
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126King GR, Ertekin T [1989a]. A su
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128an area of 314 ft 2 would requir
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130In the case of the abovementione
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132FILLING SHAFTS AT CLOSED MINESFi
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134Hinderfeld G [1995]. Ventilation
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136To calculate the effectiveinert,
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138exhaust. The remaining diesel ex
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140required only 4 min. As a result
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142Figure 11-1.—Desorption test a
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144enclosed in a tunnel-like struct
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146Kolada RJ [1985]. Investigation
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148air in a 6-ft by 9-ft by 6.5-ft
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150represents flammable mixtures. F
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152• In Eastern Europe, petroleum
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154Category II applies to domal sal
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1562. Monitoring for gas and taking
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158These mines typically have large
Page 165 and 166:
160Dave Graham is the safety and he
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162Figure 13-2.—Examples of metha
Page 169 and 170:
164REFERENCESAndrews JN [1987]. Nob
Page 171 and 172:
166APPENDIX A.—ONTARIO OCCUPATION
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169CHAPTER 14.—PREVENTING METHANE
Page 176 and 177:
Ways to confirm the presence of gas
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173The tunnel face is usually venti
Page 180 and 181:
175Figure 14-5.—TBM ventilation s
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face. While one of these elements a
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179ELIMINATING IGNITION SOURCESElec
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181INDEXAAbnormally gassy faces....
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183NNatural ventilation, coal silos
Page 190 and 191:
Delivering on the Nation’s Promis
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