ConflictBarometer_2016

ASIA AND OCEANIA
Council Nagaland faction led by Isaak Muivah (NSCN-IM), on
the one hand, and indigenous Kukis organized for example in
the Kuki Inpi Manipur administration (KIM) on the other, escalated
toaviolent crisis.
On February 3, NSCN-IM militants allegedly shot at three
Kukis in Molnor village, Manipur state, killing one. On February
29, alleged NSCN-IM members abducted and killed a
teacher in Aimol village, Manipur. Various Kuki organisations
strongly condemned the violence while NSCN-IM officials denied
any involvement in the attack. On March 2, the Kuki Students
Organisation in Kangpokpi, Manipur, accused the central
government of not protecting Kukis against the attacks of
NSCN-IM.
Throughout the year, KIM repeatedly called on the government
to initiate legal proceedings against NSCN-IM for alleged
violence against Kukis during the 1990s. On July 14,
KIM stated in an open memorandum to Prime Minister Narendra
Modi that they did not accept the potential outcome of
the peace talks between the central government and NSCN-
IM as long as the latter did not confess the murder and displacement
of more than 102,000 Kukis [→India (NSCN et al.
/ Nagaland)].
Controversies over the administration of the planned ''homelands”
from each group intensified. On October 22, the Kuki
National Organization and the United People's Front, two separate
umbrella bodies of various Kuki militant groups, demanded
the establishment of an autonomous Kuki state from
the state of Manipur. Eight days later, the government announced
the creation of new districts, namely Jiribam, Kangpokpi
in Sadar Hills, Kamjong, Tengnoupal, Noney, Pherzawl,
and Kakching. On October 31, the NSCN-IM and the Naga
Students Federation declared their opposition towards the
establishment of new districts allegedly because this would
subvert their state demand of Nagalim. They announced
to impose an indefinite blockade on two national highways
on November 1, which continued until the end of the year
[→India (Manipur)]. On December 12, the United Naga Council,
Manipur's apex Naga organisation, heldameeting at Senapati
district emphasizing their rejection of the seven new districts.
Furthermore, they decided to put pressure on the central
government to expedite the peace talks with NSCN-IM,
based on the Framework Agreement signed the year before.
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INDIA (NAXALITES)
Intensity: 4 | Change: | Start: 1967
primarily organized in the Communist Party of India-Maoist
(CPI-M) and in smaller groups such as the People's Liberation
Front India (PLFI) and the Triptiya Prastuti Commitee (TPC). The
factions operated mainly in the states of Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand,
and Maharashtra as well as in Bihar, Odisha, Andhra
Pradesh, Telangana, Kerala, and Madhya Pradesh. Throughout
the year, at least 361 people, including 51 Security Force (SF)
personnel, 215 militants and 95 civilians were killed during
gunfights, IED explosions, and attacks against civilians. For instance,
on March 1, police forces killed eight Naxalites in a fire
exchange in Gottepadu forest area, Bastar district, Chhattisgarh.
Moreover, in the course of the year, Naxalites detonated
IEDs targeting security forces. On March 30, militants killed
seven Central Reserve Police Forces (CRPF) personnel were
killed byalandmine in Melawada village, Dantewada district,
Chhattisgarh. In another encounter on July 18, members
of the CPI-M killed ten CRPF personnel by reportedly detonating
352 IEDs in Dumari Nara forest, Aurangabad district,
Bihar. CRPF killed six Maoists. On October 24, a combined
group of several police forces, among them the GreyHound
team, Andhra Pradesh police forces, Odisha police forces,
and Visakha Armed Police Reserve, attacked a CPI-M meeting,
killing 28 militants. Non-government organizations criticized
the attack and claimed that ten civilians were also killed.
In several incidents, Naxalite groups also attacked each other.
For instance, on May 7, a group of armed Naxalites shot a
member of TPC dead at his home in Ghasidag village, Palamau
district, Jharkhand. During the year, Naxalites also killed
73 civilians, often accusing them of being police informers.
On January 7, about 30 Naxalites first abducted and later
shot dead acivilian in Dandabadi village in Dantewada. The
militants left behind apamphlet accusing the man of being
a police informer. In two incidents, Naxalites in Chhattisgarh
accused whole villages of working together with the police
and forced the villagers to leave their homes. On March 14,
groups of Naxalites evicted 21 families from different villages
in Narayanpur district. On April 4, after having been
threatened by Naxalites, 23 civilians left Padeli village in
Kondagaon district. On March 22, Naxalites abducted 23
children from Jamti village, Gumla district, Jharkhand. Police
forces later freed the children, stating that the militants had
recruited them as child soldiers.
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INDIA (NSCN FACTIONS ET AL. / NAGALAND)
Intensity: 3 | Change: | Start: 1947
Conflict parties:
Conflict items:
CPI-M, PLFI, TPC, et al. vs. government
system/ideology
Conflict parties:
Conflict items:
NSCN-K, NSCN-IM, NSCN-KK, NSCN-R,
NSCN-U, NNC, NNC-NA, ZUF, et al. vs.
government
secession
The violent crisis between the Naxalites and the government
over the orientation of the political system and ideology escalated
to alimited war. Maoists known as Naxalites were
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The conflict between militant Naga groups and the government
over the secession of Naga-inhabited territories in the
states of Nagaland, Manipur, Assam, and Arunachal Pradesh
as well as bordering areas in Myanmar, continued asaviolent
crisis. Main actors of the conflict were the National Socialist
Council of Nagaland (NSCN) factions, namely the NSCN Isaak-
Muivah (NSCN-IM), NSCN Khaplang (NSCN-K), NSCN Khole-