NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

An optical detector system includes an electrically resistive screen that is substantially transparent to radiation energy
having a wavelength of interest. An electron transfer element (e.g., a low work function photoactive material or a carbon
nanotube (CNT)-based element) has a first end and a second end with its first end spaced apart from the screen by an evacuated
gap. When radiation energy passes through the screen with a bias voltage being applied thereto, transfer of electrons through
the electron transfer element is induced from its first to its second end such that a quantity indicative of the electrons
transferred can be detected.
Author
Electron Counters; Carbon Nanotubes; Electron Transfer
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LASERS AND MASERS
Includes lasing theory, laser pumping techniques, maser amplifiers, laser materials, and the assessment of laser and maser outputs.
For cases where the application of the laser or maser is emphasized see also the specific category where the application is treated. For
related information see also 76 Solid-State Physics.
20040111374 Smithsonian Astrophysical Observatory, Cambridge, MA, USA
Probing Planck-Scale physics with a Ne-21/He-3 Zeeman maser
Walsworth, Ronald L.; Phillips, David; September 2004; 2 pp.; In English
Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG8-1784; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A01, Hardcopy
We completed a search for a sidereal annual variation in the frequency difference between co-located Xe-129 and He-3
Zeeman masers. This search sets a stringent limit of approximately 10(exp -27) GeV on boost-dependent Lorentz and CPT
violation involving the neutron. A paper reporting this result has been accepted for publication in Physical Review Letters. We
also completed detailed modeling and design of the next-generation dual-noble-gas Zeeman maser for an improved test of
Lorentz and CPT violation, and begin construction of this device.
Author
Plancks Constant; Helium Isotopes; Zeeman Effect; Neon Isotopes; Masers; Field Theory (Physics)
20040111498 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL
High Power Microwaves: Strategic and Operational Implications for Warfare
Walling, Eileen M.; Feb. 2000; 52 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A425472; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy
The military has long exploited the electromagnetic frequency spectrum, first with ‘wireless’ communications in the late
1800’s, and then with the discovery of radar in the 1930’s. These technologies quickly evolved into many applications in the
military, including advanced early warning, detection, and weapon fire control. Scientists and engineers continued to
investigate the frequency spectrum to increase power levels and to develop additional applications. The term ‘directed energy’
was once relegated to science fiction. It would be difficult to find a science fiction novel or movie that does not address directed
energy weapons. But ‘directed energy’ is now a scientific fact of life with laser pointers, pagers, fax machines, and supermarket
checkout scanners. However, one area of the directed energy spectrum that has received significantly less attention and support
is high power microwave technology. In view of the relative paucity of knowledge about microwaves within the Department
of Defense, this study examines the role of high power microwave technology and its applications for the defense
establishment. In recent years, the modern battlefield has become a ‘target rich’ environment for high power microwave
weapons. Except for the standard rifle, gun, knife, or grenade, virtually all military equipment contains some electronics. For
example, in the Gulf War, the average squad or platoon of soldiers had numerous devices, ranging from radios to Global
Positioning System (GPS) receivers, which they used to provide communication and information about the battlefield.
DTIC
Electromagnetic Pulses; Microwaves; Warfare
20040111514 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL
Directed Energy and Fleet Defense: Implications for Naval Warfare
McCarthy, William J.; May 2000; 86 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations
Report No.(s): AD-A425498; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A05, Hardcopy
The introduction of directed energy weapons into twenty-first century naval forces has the potential to change naval tactics
as fundamentally as the transition from sail to steam. Recent advances in directed energy technologies have made the
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