NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports
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Collaborative optimization is a design architecture applicable in any multidisciplinary analysis environment but<br />
specifically intended for large-scale distributed analysis applications. In this approach, a complex problem is hierarchically decomposed<br />
along disciplinary boundaries into a number of subproblems which are brought into multidisciplinary agreement by<br />
a system-level coordination process. When applied to problems in a multidisciplinary design environment, this scheme has<br />
several advantages over traditional solution strategies. These advantageous features include reducing the amount of<br />
information transferred between disciplines, the removal of large iteration-loops, allowing the use of different subspace<br />
optimizers among the various analysis groups, an analysis framework which is easily parallelized <strong>and</strong> can operate on<br />
heterogenous equipment, <strong>and</strong> a structural framework that is well-suited for conventional disciplinary organizations. In this<br />
article, the collaborative architecture is developed <strong>and</strong> its mathematical foundation is presented. An example application is also<br />
presented which highlights the potential of this method for use in large-scale design applications.<br />
Author<br />
Architecture (Computers); Applications Programs (Computers); Multidisciplinary Design Optimization; Systems Engineering<br />
20040111464 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL<br />
Robotics: Military Applications for Special Operations Forces<br />
Pierce II, George M.; Apr. 2000; 60 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations<br />
Report No.(s): AD-A425374; AU/ACSC/142/2000-04; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A04, Hardcopy<br />
New technology may be able to help answer the cries to reduce casualties resulting from friendly fire <strong>and</strong> collateral<br />
damage, as well as assist the military in performing urban operations. Unmanned vehicles, whether they operate in the air, on<br />
l<strong>and</strong>, or at sea, are one means to get aircrews, soldiers, marines, <strong>and</strong> sailors out of harm’s way <strong>and</strong> are a key driver in an<br />
upcoming revolution in military affairs for all services. The major objective of this paper is to bring attention to Tactical<br />
Mobile Robots (TMR) <strong>and</strong> to cultivate an enthusiasm for employing them correctly to help get U.S. troops out of harm’s way<br />
<strong>and</strong> on the winning side of battles. This study focuses primarily on the use of TMRs in the special operations environment.<br />
Topics covered include current <strong>and</strong> immediate TMR capabilities; key logistics concerns regarding maintenance, supply, <strong>and</strong><br />
transportation; <strong>and</strong> two possible scenarios, one in an unconstrained battlefield <strong>and</strong> the other in an urban environment. The first<br />
scenario is a combat undertaking using robotic platforms in an unconstrained battlefield to determine the feasibility of an<br />
airstrip for a Special Operations Forces mission. The second scenario portrays how TMRs could be used in an urban<br />
environment to help remedy a hostage situation. The data for the paper were collected primarily via interviews <strong>and</strong><br />
eye-witnessed experiments. A concluding section highlights a few barriers in TMR technology that must be addressed if<br />
unmanned platforms are to keep pace with congressional orders. (14 figures, 18 refs.)<br />
DTIC<br />
Military Personnel; Military Technology; Robotics; Warfare<br />
20040111471 Massachusetts Inst. of Tech., Cambridge, MA<br />
From Language to Knowledge: Starting Hawk<br />
Katz, Boris; Borchardt, Gary; Felshin, Sue; Jun. 2004; 39 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations<br />
Contract(s)/Grant(s): F30602-00-1-0545; DARPA ORDER-J885; Proj-RKFM<br />
Report No.(s): AD-A425405; AFRL-IF-RS-TR-2004-180; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A03, Hardcopy<br />
This report describes work completed by the MIT Computer Science <strong>and</strong> Artificial Intelligence Laboratory in support of<br />
DARPA’s Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKF) program over the period from July 2000 to September 2003. The primary focus<br />
of the RKF program is to develop new technology to automate the task of transforming raw human- underst<strong>and</strong>able<br />
information into encoded, machine-underst<strong>and</strong>able information. The project described in this report addresses a central<br />
subtask of this task: converting natural language text into an encoded representation that can support computer inference. The<br />
technical approach taken in this effort is based on two key insights: First, we can make the translation task manageable by<br />
breaking it into successive stages of isolating information, then st<strong>and</strong>ardizing it, then encoding it, with each stage facilitated<br />
by proven components of natural language processing technology. Second, we can gain leverage during the translation process<br />
by exploiting human interaction at a number of distinct points along the way.<br />
DTIC<br />
Coding; Data Processing; Natural Language (Computers); Translating<br />
20040121005 <strong>NASA</strong> Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA<br />
Artificial Intelligence (AI) Based Tactical Guidance for Fighter Aircraft<br />
McManus, John W.; Goodrich, Kenneth H.; [1990]; 9 pp.; In English; AIAA Guidance, Navigation, <strong>and</strong> Control Conference,<br />
20-22 Aug. 1990, Portl<strong>and</strong>, OR, USA; Original contains color illustrations; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A02, Hardcopy<br />
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