NASA Scientific and Technical Aerospace Reports

can be a useful tool for gathering information about an adversary’s perceptions and attitudes, and it is particularly well suited
for measuring changes in his strategies, intentions, and expectations. In essence, propaganda analysis should be considered one
leg of a broadly based, interdependent, intelligence collection effort.
DTIC
Coercivity; Vietnam
20040111595 Air Univ., Maxwell AFB, AL
In Search of the Missing Link: Relating Destruction to Outcome In Airpower Application
Williams, Kevin E.; Jun. 1994; 111 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A425665; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A06, Hardcopy
Targeting has been the central problem of air strategy since the dawn of modern airpower. One of the most difficult
challenges for airpower strategists has been how to relate the physical or functional destruction of targets to attainment of
political and military objectives. This paper examines the fundamental problem of relating destruction inflicted on a target
system to the desired outcome and presents the Destruction-Outcome Linkage Model to serve as a framework for analysis of
past air campaigns. This model links destruction of the pieces of a target system to the desired outcome. Using the
Destruction-Outcome Linkage Model as a framework for analysis, this paper traces how airpower strategists have
conceptualized the linkage, applied it to past air campaigns and the extent to which their conception was accurate based on
the results achieved. The goal is to determine how effectively air strategists have linked destruction to outcome and draw
conclusions about the Air Force’s ability to make such linkages in the future. To sufficiently narrow the scope of the paper,
a single target system will be used to illustrate this analysis-the transportation system. The conclusion of this paper is that
while our ability to inflict destruction with conventional airpower has increased by several orders of magnitude over the past
50 years, the thinking behind how the destruction is linked to the desired outcome has increased only marginally. The
foundation of airpower theory and the basis for targeting, still relies very heavily on the Douhetan notion of breaking the
enemy’s will with attacks on the vital centers. The concept of what constitutes a vital center has changed over the years, but
the idea that destroying a small set of targets in the enemy’s homeland is the key to coercive success seems to dominate
airpower targeting philosophy. Locating the targets that will have the greatest coercive effect on the adversary is exactly what
airpower strategists should be doi7
DTIC
Destruction
20040111735 McGill Univ., Montreal, Quebec
The Air Bridge Denial Program and the Shootdown of Civil Aircraft Under International Law
Huskisson, Darren C.; Aug. 2004; 133 pp.; In English
Report No.(s): AD-A425906; AFIT-CI-04-602; No Copyright; Avail: CASI; A07, Hardcopy
In August 2003, the USA resumed the sharing of real-time intelligence with Columbia, information that will be used by
Columbia to shoot down aircraft engaged in drug trafficking. A similar program with Peru may restart soon, Such operations
are part of the Air Bridge Denial Program (ABDP), a program that has been operating since the early l990s designed to cut
off the flow of drug out of the Andean Region of South America. This thesis examines the history of the ABDP and the norms
applicable to shootdown operations under the UN Charter, customary international law, the Chicago Convention, and human
rights law to determine the specific limitations of the prohibition. International law generally prohibits the shootdown of
international civil aircraft, and the nature of the shootdown operations can also have human rights implications. This thesis
then examines the circumstances under which international law would excuse an otherwise unlawful shootdown of a civil
aircraft. Self-defense, the law of armed conflict and distress are ruled out as likely candidates for use in the legal justification
of the shootdown of drug aircraft. The best defense for the conduct of ABDP shootdowns is the defense of necessity as it exists
under customary international law. The potential harm to the essential interests of States threatened by drug trafficking
combined with the unique nature of the drug trade in the Andean Region is the ideal situation for the invocation of necessity
and provides the most sound international legal justification for the conduct of shootdown operations in this context.
DTIC
Civil Aviation; Drugs; International Law
20040120989 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, USA
Article Screening System
Fernandez, Kenneth R., Inventor; July 13, 2004; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains black and white illustrations
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