Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

Index 493
sleep disorders 3:384
tai chi 4:101
upper arm circumference 4:307
uterine prolapse 3:350
obesity and cardiovascular disease
2:89–90, 89t
atherosclerosis 2:22
cardiovascular disease
prevention 4:16
cardiovascular system 2:6
hyperlipidemia 2:65
hypertension 2:66
lifestyle and cardiovascular
health 2:73
risk factors for cardiovascular
disease 2:102
obesity and health 4:301–302, 301t
aging and nutrition/dietary
changes 4:176, 177
childhood obesity 4:291, 292
diabetes 3:120
endocrine system 3:102
exercise and health 4:221
health risk factors 4:28, 29
lifestyle and cancer 2:382
lifestyle and health 4:38
obligate intracellular parasite. See
virus
obsessive-compulsive disorder
(OCD) 3:376, 378, 381, 386
obstructive sleep apnea 1:39, 59;
2:90, 184; 3:187, 384; 4:283
occupational health and safety
4:39–40, 39t. See also US
Occupational Safety and Health
Administration
carpal tunnel syndrome
1:315–316
contact dermatitis 1:150
ergonomics 4:23–24
eye strain 1:90
HIV/AIDS prevention 4:33
noise exposure and hearing
1:36–37
repetitive motion injuries
1:352–353
routine medical examination
4:45
tuberculosis prevention 4:49
workplace stress 4:256
occupational therapy 1:223, 243,
341
OCD. See obsessive-compulsive
disorder
ocular herpes simplex 1:103
ocular herpes zoster 1:103
oculomotor nerve 1:246, 247t
off-label use 1:153; 4:149, 163
olanzapine 3:367, 377
olfactory nerve 1:37, 52, 53, 246,
247t
oliguria 3:213
omega fatty acids and
cardiovascular health 2:50, 90
oncogenes 2:384–385, 384t–385t,
397
onychocryptosis. See ingrown nail
onychomycosis 1:179
oophorectomy 3:292, 307
open-angle glaucoma 1:92, 93t
open fracture 1:322; 4:364, 366
open heart surgery 2:33–34, 44,
90–91, 287; 4:334
open surgery 2:168, 394; 3:48, 291,
307; 4:260, 266, 268, 284
operation 4:268–270, 268t–270t.
See also surgery; specific operations,
e.g.: amputation
ophthalmic examination
1:103–104
dark adaptation test 1:85–86
electroretinography 1:87
fluorescein staining 1:91
ophthalmoscopy 1:104–105
optical coherence tomography
(OCT) 1:105
refraction test 1:111
slit lamp examination
1:117–118
Snellen chart 1:118
tonometry 1:119
vision health 1:122
ophthalmoscopy 1:104–105
opiate receptors 4:313, 325, 332,
342, 344, 345
opiates 1:362, 366, 368; 4:347,
347t. See also narcotics
heroin 4:338
methadone 4:342
naltrexone 4:344
narcotics 4:344
substance abuse 4:311
withdrawal syndrome 4:354
opium 1:361; 4:145, 311, 344, 347
opportunistic infections 2:347, 347t
oppositional defiant disorder 3:378
optical coherence tomography
(OCT) 1:105
optic disk 1:105, 107, 113
optic nerve 1:105, 105t; 3:151, 155.
See also optic disk
cranial nerves 1:246, 247t
eye 1:89
eyes 1:65
glaucoma 1:92
intraocular pressure 1:97
ischemic optic neuropathy
1:97–98
multiple sclerosis 1:263
retina 1:113
retrobulbar optic neuritis
1:115–116
optic nerve atrophy 1:94, 105–106,
105t
optic nerve hypoplasia 1:106
oral cancers 4:306, 353
oral contraception 1:132, 374;
2:48, 65, 105, 308, 374, 381
oral hygiene 1:25, 26, 39, 44;
4:24–25
Orange Book, The 4:159, 163, 172
orbital cellulitis 1:88, 106, 119
orchiectomy 3:307–308
orchiopexy 3:267, 308
orchitis 3:277, 308
organ donation 4:272–273
organ harvest 1:81, 233, 248; 4:272
organic brain syndrome 1:272–273,
272t
organic solvents 4:347–348, 348t
organ of Corti 1:3, 17
organ transplantation 4:270–273,
270t. See also specific transplantation
operations, e.g.: liver
transplantation
cell-mediated immunity 2:253
cloning 4:119
cystic fibrosis and the lungs
2:202
graft vs. host disease 2:263
HLAs 2:267, 268
immunosuppressive medications
2:276
immunosuppressive therapy
2:276
lifestyle and health 4:38
orgasm 3:272, 300, 306, 308–309,
338, 354
Ornish program 2:91–92; 4:78, 90
orphan drug 4:163–164
OSHA. See US Occupational Safety
and Health Administration
ossification 1:293, 299, 308
osteoarthritis 1:341–342; 2:30, 291
aging and musculoskeletal
changes 1:300
cartilage 1:316
cervical spondylosis 1:316–317