- Page 2 and 3: How to go to your page This eBook c
- Page 4 and 5: ii The Eyes Medical Advisory Review
- Page 6 and 7: iv The Eyes To your health! The inf
- Page 8 and 9: vi The Eyes
- Page 10 and 11: viii Foreword choices that are righ
- Page 12 and 13: x How to Use the section “The Gas
- Page 14 and 15: xii How to Use The Facts On File En
- Page 16 and 17: xiv Preface among the skin cells, h
- Page 18 and 19: xvi The Eyes
- Page 22 and 23: 4 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat a
- Page 24 and 25: 6 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat t
- Page 26 and 27: 8 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat s
- Page 28 and 29: 10 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 30 and 31: 12 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 32 and 33: C canker sore Ulcerous sores, also
- Page 34 and 35: 16 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 36 and 37: 18 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 38 and 39: D-E deafness See HEARING LOSS. dent
- Page 40 and 41: 22 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 42 and 43: F foreign objects in the ear or nos
- Page 44 and 45: H hairy tongue The common term for
- Page 46 and 47: 28 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 48 and 49: 30 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 50 and 51: 32 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 52 and 53: 34 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 54 and 55: N nasal polyp A noncancerous, flesh
- Page 56 and 57: 38 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 58 and 59: 40 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 60 and 61: 42 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
- Page 62 and 63: P periodontal disease Inflammatory
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- Page 66 and 67: 48 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
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52 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
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54 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
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56 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
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58 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
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V velopharyngeal insufficiency Inad
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62 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
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64 The Ear, Nose, Mouth and Throat
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The Eyes 67 provides depth percepti
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The Eyes 69 line of vision. The len
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aging, vision and eye changes that
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astigmatism 73 treatment may result
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aille 75 blepharoplasty A surgical
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C cataract Cloudiness and discolora
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cicatricial pemphigoid 79 mend wear
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corneal transplantation 81 ASTIGMAT
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corrective lenses 83 added to the c
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D dacryocystitis INFLAMMATION of th
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E ectropion Loss of elasticity or c
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eye pain 89 eye The organ of vision
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F farsightedness See HYPEROPIA. fla
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glaucoma 93 pattern of progression
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Graves’s ophthalmopathy 95 • CO
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I intraocular pressure The pressure
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K keratitis INFLAMMATION of the COR
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myopia 101 • difficulty seeing th
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O ocular herpes simplex An INFECTIO
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optic nerve atrophy 105 focused bea
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P papilledema Swelling of the optic
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prosthetic eye 109 Eyeglasses The c
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R refraction test A diagnostic proc
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etinal detachment 113 matched to th
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etrobulbar optic neuritis 115 prone
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S scleritis An INFLAMMATION of the
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T tonometry A test that measures IN
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V-X visual acuity The ability to se
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vitrectomy 123 the child’s age, c
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THE INTEGUMENTARY SYSTEM The integu
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128 The Integumentary System ing th
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130 The Integumentary System CONDIT
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132 The Integumentary System scars.
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134 The Integumentary System Treatm
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136 The Integumentary System to con
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138 The Integumentary System Minoxi
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140 The Integumentary System BIRTHM
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142 The Integumentary System Treatm
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144 The Integumentary System ance a
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146 The Integumentary System compre
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148 The Integumentary System enviro
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150 The Integumentary System Atopic
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152 The Integumentary System quency
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E eczema See DERMATITIS. ecchymosis
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156 The Integumentary System ures i
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F-G facelift See RHYTIDOPLASTY. Fit
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160 The Integumentary System skin t
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H hair The fibers that grow from th
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164 The Integumentary System Outloo
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I-J ichthyosis A genetic disorder o
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K Kaposi’s sarcoma A CANCER that
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170 The Integumentary System keloid
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L 172 laser skin resurfacing A meth
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174 The Integumentary System like a
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176 The Integumentary System Dysfun
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178 The Integumentary System • Be
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P papilloma A general classificatio
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182 The Integumentary System carefu
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184 The Integumentary System tion.
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186 The Integumentary System cyst p
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188 The Integumentary System well a
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190 The Integumentary System TREATM
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192 The Integumentary System surger
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S scabies A contagious parasitic in
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196 The Integumentary System HEALTH
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198 The Integumentary System ABCD C
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200 The Integumentary System ABCD S
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202 The Integumentary System hours
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204 The Integumentary System tinea
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206 The Integumentary System the IM
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208 The Integumentary System an opt
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210 The Integumentary System hives)
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THE NERVOUS SYSTEM The NERVOUS SYST
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216 The Nervous System The spinal c
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218 The Nervous System percent of s
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A aging, neurologic changes that oc
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222 The Nervous System People with
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224 The Nervous System • lower mo
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226 The Nervous System a child has
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B Bell’s palsy Damage to the seve
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230 The Nervous System brain The st
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232 The Nervous System and HORMONE
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234 The Nervous System rhage may re
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236 The Nervous System BRAIN TUMOR
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C central nervous system The collec
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240 The Nervous System pregnancy. T
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242 The Nervous System though often
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244 The Nervous System and related
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246 The Nervous System cranial nerv
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248 The Nervous System Creutzfeldt-
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D deep brain stimulation A surgical
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252 The Nervous System easily remed
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254 The Nervous System glue used to
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256 The Nervous System Huntington
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L learning disorders Difficulties w
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M memory and memory impairment The
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262 The Nervous System retrieve exi
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264 The Nervous System MEDICATIONS
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266 The Nervous System • Palatal
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268 The Nervous System all structur
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270 The Nervous System neurologic e
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272 The Nervous System neuron. Horm
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P pallidotomy A surgical procedure
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276 The Nervous System • shufflin
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278 The Nervous System people who h
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280 The Nervous System upper respir
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282 The Nervous System medications.
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284 The Nervous System that support
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T-U tardive dyskinesia See DYSKINES
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288 The Nervous System • ringing
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THE MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM The musc
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294 The Musculoskeletal System ment
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296 The Musculoskeletal System view
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298 The Musculoskeletal System ULTR
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300 The Musculoskeletal System thin
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302 The Musculoskeletal System 16 w
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304 The Musculoskeletal System tiss
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B back pain PAIN that arises from i
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308 The Musculoskeletal System HORM
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310 The Musculoskeletal System most
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312 The Musculoskeletal System othe
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314 The Musculoskeletal System DIET
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316 The Musculoskeletal System impr
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318 The Musculoskeletal System also
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D-G dislocations Separations of the
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322 The Musculoskeletal System •
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324 The Musculoskeletal System form
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326 The Musculoskeletal System gene
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I-J infectious arthritis INFLAMMATI
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K knee injuries Sprains, strains, C
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332 The Musculoskeletal System STAG
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334 The Musculoskeletal System See
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336 The Musculoskeletal System (occ
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338 The Musculoskeletal System MAJO
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340 The Musculoskeletal System nume
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342 The Musculoskeletal System is p
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344 The Musculoskeletal System bloo
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346 The Musculoskeletal System age.
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P Paget’s disease of the bone A r
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350 The Musculoskeletal System epis
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R Reiter’s syndrome An inflammato
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S sciatica Irritation and INFLAMMAT
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356 The Musculoskeletal System not
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T talipes equinovarus A CONGENITAL
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360 The Musculoskeletal System ROTA
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362 Pain and Pain Management mandra
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364 Pain and Pain Management Wrappi
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366 Pain and Pain Management Massag
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368 Pain and Pain Management and br
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370 Pain and Pain Management reach
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372 Pain and Pain Management ATTACK
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374 Pain and Pain Management send t
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376 Pain and Pain Management TYPES
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L-M living with pain Approaches and
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N neural blockade (nerve block) An
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P pain An unpleasant perception in
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T terminal pain PAIN that results f
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U-V understanding pain Though there
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388 Pain and Pain Management of the
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390 Pain and Pain Management fitnes
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392 Medical Advisory Review Panel U
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INDEX Page numbers in bold indicate
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Index 397 autonomic nervous system
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Index 399 chondrosarcoma 309 chorea
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Index 401 barotrauma 11 cauliflower
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Index 403 guaifenesin 19 Gualtheria
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Index 405 keratitis 94, 99, 103 ker
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Index 407 myotonic muscular dystrop
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Index 409 overview 361-362 traditio
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Index 411 Sacrcoptes scabei 194 St.
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Index 413 tattoos 203 TBI. See trau
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The Eyes i THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYCL
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The Eyes iii THE FACTS ON FILE ENCY
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The Eyes v CONTENTS VOLUME 2 Forewo
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FOREWORD A big part of my role as a
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HOW TO USE THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYCL
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How to Use xi collect concise prese
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PREFACE TO VOLUME 2 Volume 2 of the
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The Eyes xv THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYC
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THE CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM The cardi
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The Cardiovascular System 5 oxygena
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The Cardiovascular System 7 FIRST D
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A aerobic fitness The efficiency wi
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angina pectoris 11 aneurysm, or to
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anticoagulation therapy 13 ment art
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anticoagulation therapy 15 ANTICOAG
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arrhythmia 17 damage to the HEART M
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arteriovenous malformation (AVM) A
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Symptoms and Diagnostic Path Athero
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automated external defibrillator (A
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undle branch block 25 • diabetes,
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C capillary beds The meshlike netwo
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cardiac output The volume of BLOOD
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cardiomyopathy 31 that would challe
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cardiopulmonary bypass 33 treat any
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cholesterol blood levels The amount
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congenital heart disease 37 mended
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congenital heart disease 39 term tr
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coronary artery bypass graft (CABG)
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coronary artery disease (CAD) 43 fu
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c-reactive protein 45 the occlusion
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D DASH eating plan The acronym for
- Page 497 and 498:
diet and cardiovascular health 49 c
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E-G echocardiogram A noninvasive, d
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endocarditis 53 Risks and Complicat
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gallop 55 EECP is most appropriate
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heart attack 57 When the heart is n
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heart murmur 59 MEDICATIONS TO TREA
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heart transplantation 61 option for
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heredity and heart disease 63 Peopl
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hyperlipidemia 65 CULAR DISEASE (PV
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hypotension 67 sodium consumption,
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I implantable cardioverter defibril
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K Kawasaki disease An acute conditi
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living with cardiovascular disease
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long QT syndrome (LQTS) 75 that res
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medications to treat cardiovascular
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medications to treat cardiovascular
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medications to treat cardiovascular
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medications to treat cardiovascular
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microinfarction 85 Type of Medicati
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myocarditis 87 also cannot conduct
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O obesity and cardiovascular diseas
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Ornish program 91 surgeon can opera
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P pacemaker A small, implanted elec
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pericarditis 95 percutaneous transl
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premature ventricular contraction (
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pulse 99 TION TESTS to assess LUNG
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R radiofrequency ablation A therape
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heumatic heart disease 103 Many hea
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smoking and cardiovascular disease
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stroke 107 stroke An interruption o
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syncope 109 Other causes of syncope
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transmyocardial laser revasculariza
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V-W valvular heart disease The coll
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venogram 115 tones and strengthens
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Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome 117
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The Blood and Lymph 119 marrow also
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The Blood and Lymph 121 appears the
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A aging, changes in the blood and l
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anemia 125 Erythrocyte destruction
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B basophil See GRANULOCYTE. blood T
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lood transfusion 129 donations the
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one marrow 131 ABO Blood Types Ther
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one marrow transplantation 133 IV l
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clotting factors 135 Clotting Facto
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D-G disseminated intravascular coag
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granulocyte 139 including infection
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hemapheresis 141 the majority of wh
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hemophilia 143 lation. The spleen p
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L leukapheresis See HEMAPHERESIS. l
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leukemia 147 separately or in combi
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lymphangioma 149 lymph The fluid th
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lymphocyte 151 debris from the lymp
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lymphoma 153 There are five identif
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lymph vessels 155 • HIV/AIDS •
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multiple myeloma 157 therapy may al
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multiple myeloma 159 presses the ma
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neutrophil 161 supplementation to s
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platelet aggregation 163 For furthe
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R-S reticulocyte An ERYTHROCYTE (re
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spleen 167 bin production in some c
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T thalassemia A genetic disorder of
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thrombocytopenia 171 phate and the
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V vitamin K A vitamin that is a cru
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THE PULMONARY SYSTEM The pulmonary
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178 The Pulmonary System relax, the
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180 The Pulmonary System tuberculos
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182 The Pulmonary System span. From
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184 The Pulmonary System causes (ce
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186 The Pulmonary System after ORGA
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188 The Pulmonary System such as ch
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190 The Pulmonary System • long-t
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B berylliosis Chronic damage to the
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194 The Pulmonary System See also B
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196 The Pulmonary System Regular ph
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198 The Pulmonary System smooth MUS
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200 The Pulmonary System the air co
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202 The Pulmonary System Symptoms a
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H-I hemoptysis Bleeding from the LU
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L-M Legionnaires’ disease A serio
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208 The Pulmonary System as well as
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210 The Pulmonary System The least
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212 The Pulmonary System the risk f
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214 The Pulmonary System against th
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O 216 oxygen-carbon dioxide exchang
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P pleura The membrane that covers t
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220 The Pulmonary System FORMS OF P
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222 The Pulmonary System • genera
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224 The Pulmonary System (ARDS), sm
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226 The Pulmonary System resistance
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228 The Pulmonary System • cyanos
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230 The Pulmonary System Risk Facto
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T-W tachypnea An abnormally rapid R
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234 The Pulmonary System please see
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236 The Immune System and Allergies
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238 The Immune System and Allergies
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240 The Immune System and Allergies
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242 The Immune System and Allergies
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244 The Immune System and Allergies
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246 The Immune System and Allergies
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248 The Immune System and Allergies
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250 The Immune System and Allergies
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252 The Immune System and Allergies
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254 The Immune System and Allergies
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256 The Immune System and Allergies
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D 258 desensitization A therapeutic
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F 5-aminosalicylate (5ASA) medicati
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262 The Immune System and Allergies
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264 The Immune System and Allergies
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H hay fever See ALLERGIC RHINITIS.
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268 The Immune System and Allergies
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270 The Immune System and Allergies
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I immune disorders Chronic conditio
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274 The Immune System and Allergies
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276 The Immune System and Allergies
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278 The Immune System and Allergies
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280 The Immune System and Allergies
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M macrophage A MONOCYTE that leaves
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284 The Immune System and Allergies
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N natural killer (NK) cell A granul
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288 The Immune System and Allergies
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290 The Immune System and Allergies
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292 The Immune System and Allergies
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294 The Immune System and Allergies
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296 The Immune System and Allergies
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V vaccine A substance that initiate
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300 The Immune System and Allergies
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302 The Immune System and Allergies
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304 Infectious Diseases took to dri
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A abscess A localized INFECTION con
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308 Infectious Diseases COMMON ANTI
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310 Infectious Diseases antibiotic
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312 Infectious Diseases ronment, th
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C campylobacteriosis An illness tha
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316 Infectious Diseases exposure to
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318 Infectious Diseases BLOOD TYPE
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320 Infectious Diseases ANTIFUNGAL
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D-E diphtheria An illness that resu
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324 Infectious Diseases cell lympho
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F-G fever An elevation of body temp
- Page 776 and 777:
328 Infectious Diseases simplex vir
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330 Infectious Diseases vague, such
- Page 780 and 781:
332 Infectious Diseases symptoms de
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334 Infectious Diseases blood suppl
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336 Infectious Diseases to antibiot
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I immunization The mechanism throug
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340 Infectious Diseases mised immun
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342 Infectious Diseases called eryt
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344 Infectious Diseases Enterovirus
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N-O 346 necrotizing fasciitis A rar
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P-R parasite An organism that requi
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350 Infectious Diseases transmittab
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S salmonellosis An illness resultin
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354 Infectious Diseases 1980. The l
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356 Infectious Diseases Tertiary sy
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358 Infectious Diseases Symptoms, w
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360 Infectious Diseases Doing so is
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362 Infectious Diseases Virus or Vi
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CANCER The area of health care conc
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A-B adenocarcinoma A type of cancer
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368 Cancer in receiving conventiona
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C cancer risk factors The circumsta
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372 Cancer or IMMUNOTHERAPY for an
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374 Cancer marker. The cancers asso
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376 Cancer Antibiotic chemotherapy
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D diagnosing cancer The procedures
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380 Cancer and preserved foods appe
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382 Cancer lifestyle and cancer Per
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M-O metastasis Cancer that spreads
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P pain management in cancer The abi
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R radiation therapy The use of ioni
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390 Cancer • mild NAUSEA • tire
- Page 840 and 841:
392 Cancer Specific symptoms of cer
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394 Cancer have become more precise
- Page 844 and 845:
396 Cancer Tumor Marker Correspondi
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398 Cancer
- Page 848 and 849:
400 Medical Advisory Review Panel U
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INDEX Page numbers in bold indicate
- Page 853 and 854:
Index 405 NK cell 286 oncogenes 384
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Index 407 septicemia 353 thalassemi
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Index 409 atherosclerosis 22 heart
- Page 859 and 860:
Index 411 coronary arteries 41 diet
- Page 861 and 862:
Index 413 EPO. See erythropoiesis;
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Index 415 obesity and cardiovascula
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Index 417 immunosenescence 275 immu
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Index 419 multiple myeloma 159 peri
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Index 421 mad cow disease (bovine s
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Index 423 CRT 31 heart transplantat
- Page 873 and 874:
Index 425 apoB100 16-17 cholesterol
- Page 875 and 876:
Index 427 thromboangiitis obliteran
- Page 877 and 878:
The Eyes i THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYCL
- Page 879 and 880:
The Eyes iii THE FACTS ON FILE ENCY
- Page 881 and 882:
The Eyes v CONTENTS VOLUME 3 Forewo
- Page 883 and 884:
FOREWORD A big part of my role as a
- Page 885 and 886:
HOW TO USE THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYCL
- Page 887 and 888:
How to Use xi collect concise prese
- Page 889 and 890:
PREFACE TO VOLUME 3 Volume 3 of the
- Page 891 and 892:
The Eyes xv THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYC
- Page 893:
THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM The gas
- Page 896 and 897:
4 The Gastrointestinal System Extra
- Page 898 and 899:
6 The Gastrointestinal System Tradi
- Page 900 and 901:
A 8 abdominal distention Swelling o
- Page 902 and 903:
10 The Gastrointestinal System agin
- Page 904 and 905:
12 The Gastrointestinal System “r
- Page 906 and 907:
14 The Gastrointestinal System COMM
- Page 908 and 909:
16 The Gastrointestinal System ship
- Page 910 and 911:
18 The Gastrointestinal System esop
- Page 912 and 913:
20 The Gastrointestinal System reac
- Page 914 and 915:
22 The Gastrointestinal System test
- Page 916 and 917:
24 The Gastrointestinal System COMP
- Page 918 and 919:
26 The Gastrointestinal System (pel
- Page 920 and 921:
28 The Gastrointestinal System requ
- Page 922 and 923:
30 The Gastrointestinal System Trea
- Page 924 and 925:
32 The Gastrointestinal System colo
- Page 926 and 927:
D diarrhea Watery or frequent bowel
- Page 928 and 929:
36 The Gastrointestinal System toms
- Page 930 and 931:
E endoscopic retrograde cholangiopa
- Page 932 and 933:
40 The Gastrointestinal System the
- Page 934 and 935:
42 The Gastrointestinal System conf
- Page 936 and 937:
44 The Gastrointestinal System bowe
- Page 938 and 939:
G gallbladder A small, muscular pou
- Page 940 and 941:
48 The Gastrointestinal System gall
- Page 942 and 943:
50 The Gastrointestinal System and
- Page 944 and 945:
52 The Gastrointestinal System See
- Page 946 and 947:
54 The Gastrointestinal System The
- Page 948 and 949:
56 The Gastrointestinal System peop
- Page 950 and 951:
58 The Gastrointestinal System cell
- Page 952 and 953:
I-K icterus See JAUNDICE. ileoanal
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62 The Gastrointestinal System The
- Page 956 and 957:
64 The Gastrointestinal System high
- Page 958 and 959:
66 The Gastrointestinal System and
- Page 960 and 961:
L laxatives Products to stimulate b
- Page 962 and 963:
70 The Gastrointestinal System aris
- Page 964 and 965:
72 The Gastrointestinal System tic
- Page 966 and 967:
74 The Gastrointestinal System leve
- Page 968 and 969:
76 The Gastrointestinal System Dono
- Page 970 and 971:
78 The Gastrointestinal System bila
- Page 972 and 973:
80 The Gastrointestinal System acts
- Page 974 and 975:
82 The Gastrointestinal System ENDO
- Page 976 and 977:
84 The Gastrointestinal System hype
- Page 978 and 979:
R rapid gastric emptying A disorder
- Page 980 and 981:
S short bowel syndrome Reduction in
- Page 982 and 983:
90 The Gastrointestinal System atit
- Page 984 and 985:
92 The Gastrointestinal System •
- Page 986 and 987:
94 The Gastrointestinal System the
- Page 988:
THE ENDOCRINE SYSTEM The endocrine
- Page 991 and 992:
The Endocrine System 99 The pituita
- Page 993 and 994:
The Endocrine System 101 deep in th
- Page 995 and 996:
The Endocrine System 103 the blood
- Page 997 and 998:
acromegaly 105 • DYSMENORRHEA (ab
- Page 999 and 1000:
adrenal glands 107 It is essential
- Page 1001 and 1002:
adrenal insufficiency 109 aldostero
- Page 1003 and 1004:
aldosterone 111 HORMONE-RELEASING H
- Page 1005 and 1006:
antidiuretic hormone (ADH) 113 the
- Page 1007 and 1008:
C calcitonin A peptide HORMONE the
- Page 1009 and 1010:
Cushing’s syndrome 117 people tak
- Page 1011 and 1012:
D dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) A p
- Page 1013 and 1014:
diabetes 121 • tiredness and weak
- Page 1015 and 1016:
diabetes insipidus 123 quence of ki
- Page 1017 and 1018:
E-F endocrine gland A structure, so
- Page 1019 and 1020:
follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH)
- Page 1021 and 1022:
Graves’s disease 129 occurs as a
- Page 1023 and 1024:
growth hormone-releasing hormone (G
- Page 1025 and 1026:
H Hashimoto’s disease See THYROID
- Page 1027 and 1028:
hormone 135 to those receptors. A r
- Page 1029 and 1030:
hyperkalemia 137 of the HEART’s r
- Page 1031 and 1032:
hyperthyroidism 139 calcium, phosph
- Page 1033 and 1034:
hypoglycemia 141 thyroid gland prov
- Page 1035 and 1036:
hypopituitarism 143 or foods high i
- Page 1037 and 1038:
hypothyroidism 145 • ANTIDIURETIC
- Page 1039 and 1040:
hypothyroidism 147 year to establis
- Page 1041 and 1042:
islet cell transplantation 149 thro
- Page 1043 and 1044:
L-O luteinizing hormone (LH) A pept
- Page 1045 and 1046:
P parathyroid glands Four small end
- Page 1047 and 1048:
pituitary gland 155 Researchers bel
- Page 1049 and 1050:
prolactin 157 See also ANDROGENS; B
- Page 1051 and 1052:
stress response hormonal cascade 15
- Page 1053 and 1054:
thyroid cancer 161 arising from the
- Page 1055 and 1056:
thyroiditis 163 HORMONE, which draw
- Page 1057 and 1058:
thyrotoxicosis 165 the blood may re
- Page 1059 and 1060:
V-W vasoactive intestinal peptide (
- Page 1061:
THE URINARY SYSTEM The urinary syst
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172 The Urinary System volume surge
- Page 1066 and 1067:
174 The Urinary System described th
- Page 1068 and 1069:
176 The Urinary System Measures to
- Page 1070 and 1071:
B bladder A muscular, saclike struc
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180 The Urinary System STAGING OF B
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182 The Urinary System Certain trea
- Page 1076 and 1077:
184 The Urinary System • HEMATURI
- Page 1078 and 1079:
186 The Urinary System and function
- Page 1080 and 1081:
188 The Urinary System In some chil
- Page 1082 and 1083:
190 The Urinary System does not nee
- Page 1084 and 1085:
192 The Urinary System Chronic glom
- Page 1086 and 1087:
H hematuria BLOOD in the URINE. Hem
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196 The Urinary System dures for ot
- Page 1090 and 1091:
198 The Urinary System interstitial
- Page 1092 and 1093:
200 The Urinary System for live don
- Page 1094 and 1095:
202 The Urinary System other substa
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204 The Urinary System doctor can t
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206 The Urinary System mizes the ri
- Page 1100 and 1101:
208 The Urinary System Because the
- Page 1102 and 1103:
210 The Urinary System health condi
- Page 1104 and 1105:
212 The Urinary System the KIDNEYS.
- Page 1106 and 1107:
P percutaneous lithotripsy See EXTR
- Page 1108 and 1109:
216 The Urinary System • edema (s
- Page 1110 and 1111:
218 The Urinary System The primary
- Page 1112 and 1113:
220 The Urinary System • type 4 R
- Page 1114 and 1115:
222 The Urinary System urethra to m
- Page 1116 and 1117:
224 The Urinary System method, it r
- Page 1118 and 1119:
226 The Urinary System typically 7
- Page 1120 and 1121:
228 The Urinary System LITHOTRIPSY
- Page 1122 and 1123:
230 The Urinary System (NEPHRITIS)
- Page 1124 and 1125:
232 The Urinary System • decrease
- Page 1128 and 1129:
236 The Reproductive System tion of
- Page 1130 and 1131:
238 The Reproductive System dispara
- Page 1132 and 1133:
A abortion The end of a PREGNANCY b
- Page 1134 and 1135:
242 The Reproductive System As a ma
- Page 1136 and 1137:
244 The Reproductive System ings) a
- Page 1138 and 1139:
246 The Reproductive System becomes
- Page 1140 and 1141:
B balanitis INFLAMMATION of the gla
- Page 1142 and 1143:
250 The Reproductive System The gla
- Page 1144 and 1145:
252 The Reproductive System safe ma
- Page 1146 and 1147:
254 The Reproductive System complet
- Page 1148 and 1149:
C cancer of the penis A malignant (
- Page 1150 and 1151:
258 The Reproductive System Treatme
- Page 1152 and 1153:
260 The Reproductive System COMMON
- Page 1154 and 1155:
262 The Reproductive System In acti
- Page 1156 and 1157:
264 The Reproductive System TRACT I
- Page 1158 and 1159:
266 The Reproductive System Method
- Page 1160 and 1161:
D dilation and curettage (D&C) A su
- Page 1162 and 1163:
270 The Reproductive System differe
- Page 1164 and 1165:
272 The Reproductive System Treatme
- Page 1166 and 1167:
274 The Reproductive System HYPERPL
- Page 1168 and 1169:
276 The Reproductive System away th
- Page 1170 and 1171:
278 The Reproductive System thesia)
- Page 1172 and 1173:
280 The Reproductive System mechani
- Page 1174 and 1175:
282 The Reproductive System between
- Page 1176 and 1177:
284 The Reproductive System HIGHLIG
- Page 1178 and 1179:
286 The Reproductive System fibrocy
- Page 1180 and 1181:
288 The Reproductive System Women m
- Page 1182 and 1183:
H hematospermia BLOOD in the SEMEN
- Page 1184 and 1185:
292 The Reproductive System assiste
- Page 1186 and 1187:
294 The Reproductive System as saun
- Page 1188 and 1189:
K-L Klinefelter’s syndrome A chro
- Page 1190 and 1191:
M-N 298 mammogram An X-RAY examinat
- Page 1192 and 1193:
300 The Reproductive System the bre
- Page 1194 and 1195:
302 The Reproductive System withdre
- Page 1196 and 1197:
304 The Reproductive System HORMONE
- Page 1198 and 1199:
306 The Reproductive System harmful
- Page 1200 and 1201:
308 The Reproductive System tion of
- Page 1202 and 1203:
310 The Reproductive System tumors
- Page 1204 and 1205:
312 The Reproductive System (pills)
- Page 1206 and 1207:
314 The Reproductive System life. W
- Page 1208 and 1209:
316 The Reproductive System PAP TES
- Page 1210 and 1211:
318 The Reproductive System front o
- Page 1212 and 1213:
320 The Reproductive System wall an
- Page 1214 and 1215:
322 The Reproductive System the mos
- Page 1216 and 1217:
324 The Reproductive System who hav
- Page 1218 and 1219:
326 The Reproductive System ures, m
- Page 1220 and 1221:
328 The Reproductive System Prostat
- Page 1222 and 1223:
330 The Reproductive System whom pr
- Page 1224 and 1225:
332 The Reproductive System Surgica
- Page 1226 and 1227:
334 The Reproductive System prostat
- Page 1228 and 1229:
336 The Reproductive System though
- Page 1230 and 1231:
338 The Reproductive System ing, an
- Page 1232 and 1233:
340 The Reproductive System and QUA
- Page 1234 and 1235:
342 The Reproductive System provide
- Page 1236 and 1237:
344 The Reproductive System tend to
- Page 1238 and 1239:
346 The Reproductive System Risk Fa
- Page 1240 and 1241:
348 The Reproductive System threate
- Page 1242 and 1243:
350 The Reproductive System grow in
- Page 1244 and 1245:
V-Z VACTERL The acronym for a const
- Page 1246 and 1247:
354 The Reproductive System regular
- Page 1248 and 1249:
356 The Reproductive System See als
- Page 1250 and 1251:
358 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1252 and 1253:
360 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1254 and 1255:
362 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1256 and 1257:
364 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1258 and 1259:
B behavior modification therapy A t
- Page 1260 and 1261:
368 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1262 and 1263:
370 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1264 and 1265:
372 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1266 and 1267:
E-I eating disorders Psychologic co
- Page 1268 and 1269:
376 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1270 and 1271:
378 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1272 and 1273:
380 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1274 and 1275:
S-T seasonal affective disorder (SA
- Page 1276 and 1277:
384 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1278 and 1279:
386 Psychiatric Disorders and Psych
- Page 1280 and 1281:
388 Medical Advisory Review Panel U
- Page 1283 and 1284:
INDEX Page numbers in bold indicate
- Page 1285 and 1286:
Index 393 benign tumor. See tumor,
- Page 1287 and 1288:
Index 395 colitis 25-26, 61, 88 col
- Page 1289 and 1290:
Index 397 electroconvulsive therapy
- Page 1291 and 1292:
Index 399 HNPCC 58 MEN 151 polycyst
- Page 1293 and 1294:
Index 401 testicular torsion 347 im
- Page 1295 and 1296:
Index 403 DUB 268 endometriosis 276
- Page 1297 and 1298:
Index 405 peritonitis 83 ureter 221
- Page 1299 and 1300:
Index 407 SAD (seasonal affective d
- Page 1301 and 1302:
Index 409 calcitonin 115 endocrine
- Page 1303 and 1304:
The Eyes i THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYCL
- Page 1305 and 1306:
The Eyes iii THE FACTS ON FILE ENCY
- Page 1307 and 1308:
The Eyes v CONTENTS VOLUME 4 Forewo
- Page 1309 and 1310:
FOREWORD A big part of my role as a
- Page 1311 and 1312:
HOW TO USE THE FACTS ON FILE ENCYCL
- Page 1313 and 1314:
How to Use xi collect concise prese
- Page 1315 and 1316:
PREFACE TO VOLUME 4 Volume 4 of the
- Page 1317 and 1318:
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE The medical dis
- Page 1319 and 1320:
Preventive Medicine 3 preventive me
- Page 1321 and 1322:
A accidental injuries Accidental in
- Page 1323 and 1324:
antibiotic prophylaxis 7 head injur
- Page 1325 and 1326:
B birth defects More than 150,000 i
- Page 1327 and 1328:
irth defects 11 COMMON TERATOGENIC
- Page 1329 and 1330:
uilding-related illness 13 beyond t
- Page 1331 and 1332:
cardiovascular disease prevention 1
- Page 1333 and 1334:
community sanitation 17 supplement
- Page 1335 and 1336:
D diabetes prevention DIABETES is e
- Page 1337 and 1338:
drinking water standards 21 health
- Page 1339 and 1340:
in health is to prevent injuries, p
- Page 1341 and 1342:
fluoridation 25 fluoride continues
- Page 1343 and 1344:
health risk factors 27 health-care
- Page 1345 and 1346:
Healthy People 2010 29 to eat fewer
- Page 1347 and 1348:
hepatitis prevention 31 a diet of o
- Page 1349 and 1350:
HIV/AIDS prevention 33 to symptoms
- Page 1351 and 1352:
influenza prevention 35 that causes
- Page 1353 and 1354:
L life expectancy A statistical cal
- Page 1355 and 1356:
N-P neural tube defects BIRTH DEFEC
- Page 1357 and 1358:
poison prevention 41 • lifestyle
- Page 1359 and 1360:
Q-R quality of life The extent to w
- Page 1361 and 1362:
outine medical examination 45 lungs
- Page 1363 and 1364:
substance abuse prevention 47 befor
- Page 1365 and 1366:
water safety 49 also account for a
- Page 1367 and 1368:
ALTERNATIVE AND COMPLEMENTARY APPRO
- Page 1369 and 1370:
Alternative and Complementary Appro
- Page 1371 and 1372:
Alternative and Complementary Appro
- Page 1373 and 1374:
anti-aging approaches 57 spread of
- Page 1375 and 1376:
Ayurveda 59 other forms that allow
- Page 1377 and 1378:
oswellia 61 DIABETES (INSULIN or or
- Page 1379 and 1380:
Benefits and Risks of Chiropractic
- Page 1381 and 1382:
craniosacral massage 65 supplementa
- Page 1383 and 1384:
feverfew 67 with NONSTEROIDAL ANTI-
- Page 1385 and 1386:
G garlic In ancient times people us
- Page 1387 and 1388:
ginseng 71 FUNCTION related to ATHE
- Page 1389 and 1390:
green tea 73 cosamine is a dietary
- Page 1391 and 1392:
H-I homeopathy A system of medicine
- Page 1393 and 1394:
Hypnotherapy may help people who ar
- Page 1395 and 1396:
L labyrinth A spirituality-based ap
- Page 1397 and 1398:
M magnet therapy The use of static
- Page 1399 and 1400:
medicinal herbs and botanicals 83 r
- Page 1401 and 1402:
medicinal herbs and botanicals 85 T
- Page 1403 and 1404:
medicinal herbs and botanicals 87 N
- Page 1405 and 1406:
milk thistle 89 Raising the level o
- Page 1407 and 1408:
N-O Native American healing A spiri
- Page 1409 and 1410:
osteopathy 93 result in health impr
- Page 1411 and 1412:
eflexology A therapeutic approach t
- Page 1413 and 1414:
S SAMe A chemical that occurs natur
- Page 1415 and 1416:
Sun’s Soup 99 The primary active
- Page 1417 and 1418:
T tai chi A gentle form of martial
- Page 1419 and 1420:
traditional Chinese medicine (TCM)
- Page 1421 and 1422:
vitamin and mineral therapy 105 Vit
- Page 1423 and 1424:
zeaxanthin 107 yohimbe’s active i
- Page 1425 and 1426:
This section, “Genetics and Molec
- Page 1427 and 1428:
Genetics and Molecular Medicine 111
- Page 1429 and 1430:
A allele Any of the variations of a
- Page 1431 and 1432:
C cell structure and function The c
- Page 1433 and 1434:
chromosomal disorders 117 attached
- Page 1435 and 1436:
cloning 119 ment. The only cells in
- Page 1437 and 1438:
cystic fibrosis 121 • thick SPUTU
- Page 1439 and 1440:
Down syndrome 123 Down syndrome hav
- Page 1441 and 1442:
familial Mediterranean fever 125 DI
- Page 1443 and 1444:
G gamete A spermatozoon (SPERM cell
- Page 1445 and 1446:
genetic predisposition The tendency
- Page 1447 and 1448:
G6PD deficiency 131 to develop the
- Page 1449 and 1450:
karyotype 133 INHERITANCE PATTERNS:
- Page 1451 and 1452:
nucleotide 135 See also CELL STRUCT
- Page 1453 and 1454:
porphyria 137 phenylalanine. Phenyl
- Page 1455 and 1456:
RNA 139 forms of MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY
- Page 1457 and 1458:
stem cell therapy 141 Researchers h
- Page 1459 and 1460:
variation 143 at highest risk for T
- Page 1461 and 1462:
DRUGS The area of health care conce
- Page 1463 and 1464:
Drugs 147 situations, however, taki
- Page 1465 and 1466:
aging, effects on drug metabolism a
- Page 1467 and 1468:
antitoxin 151 adaptive mutations fo
- Page 1469 and 1470:
B-D bioavailability The amount of a
- Page 1471 and 1472:
drug interaction 155 action of anot
- Page 1473 and 1474:
drug interaction 157 This Drug In C
- Page 1475 and 1476:
investigational new drug (IND) 159
- Page 1477 and 1478:
L-N legend drug In the United State
- Page 1479 and 1480:
O off-label use Taking a DRUG for a
- Page 1481 and 1482:
overdose 165 A high risk for overdo
- Page 1483 and 1484:
over-the-counter (OTC) drug 167 com
- Page 1485 and 1486:
oute of administration The method b
- Page 1487 and 1488:
side effect 171 See also ILLICIT DR
- Page 1489 and 1490:
trough level 173 next DOSE of the d
- Page 1491 and 1492:
Nutrition and Diet 175 CARDIOVASCUL
- Page 1493 and 1494:
appetite 177 elderly. NUTRITIONAL D
- Page 1495 and 1496:
B-C beriberi A health condition res
- Page 1497 and 1498:
cholesterol, dietary 181 Many peopl
- Page 1499 and 1500:
hunger 183 their desires. An advanc
- Page 1501 and 1502:
L-M lactose intolerance The inabili
- Page 1503 and 1504:
minerals and health 187 BLOOD circu
- Page 1505 and 1506:
minerals and health 189 Mineral Tra
- Page 1507 and 1508:
nutrients 191 hydrogen. Nutritionis
- Page 1509 and 1510:
nutritional assessment 193 tually m
- Page 1511 and 1512:
nutritional needs 195 Deficient Nut
- Page 1513 and 1514:
nutritional supplements 197 and dis
- Page 1515 and 1516:
ickets A health condition that resu
- Page 1517 and 1518:
S-T satiety The sensation of fullne
- Page 1519 and 1520:
triglycerides, dietary 203 genetic
- Page 1521 and 1522:
vitamins and health 205 although vi
- Page 1523 and 1524:
vitamins and health 207 vitamin C s
- Page 1525 and 1526:
vitamins and health 209 contain vit
- Page 1527 and 1528:
Fitness: Exercise and Health 211 th
- Page 1529 and 1530:
A-B aerobic capacity The maximum am
- Page 1531 and 1532:
lister prevention 215 computer, and
- Page 1533 and 1534:
C carbohydrate loading The practice
- Page 1535 and 1536:
cross training 219 workout for the
- Page 1537 and 1538:
exercise and health 221 exercise an
- Page 1539 and 1540:
flat feet 223 GENERAL FITNESS LEVEL
- Page 1541 and 1542:
M metabolic equivalent (MET) A unit
- Page 1543 and 1544:
metabolism 227 Doctors commonly ref
- Page 1545 and 1546:
esistance exercise 229 ciency, flex
- Page 1547 and 1548:
S-T shin splints PAIN along the tib
- Page 1549 and 1550:
training 233 tion in strengthening
- Page 1551 and 1552:
W walking for fitness A planned app
- Page 1553 and 1554:
weekend warrior 237 the process in
- Page 1555 and 1556:
239 The Eyes Human Relations 239 Ho
- Page 1557 and 1558:
anger and anger management 241 NEPH
- Page 1559 and 1560:
cultural and ethnic health-care per
- Page 1561 and 1562:
elder abuse 245 • Neglect occurs
- Page 1563 and 1564:
G-I generational health-care perspe
- Page 1565 and 1566:
P parenting The functions and proce
- Page 1567 and 1568:
S sexual assault Unwilling, unconse
- Page 1569 and 1570:
stress and stress management 253 he
- Page 1571 and 1572:
V-W violence Actions of aggression
- Page 1573 and 1574:
SURGERY Surgery is the specialty wi
- Page 1575 and 1576:
Surgery 259 members of the surgical
- Page 1577 and 1578:
anesthesia 261 the site of the oper
- Page 1579 and 1580:
loodless surgery 263 It is importan
- Page 1581 and 1582:
L-M Langer’s lines The natural li
- Page 1583 and 1584:
minimally invasive surgery 267 Reco
- Page 1585 and 1586:
operation 269 Surgical Operation cr
- Page 1587 and 1588:
organ transplantation 271 available
- Page 1589 and 1590:
organ transplantation 273 for harve
- Page 1591 and 1592:
postoperative procedures 275 MOST C
- Page 1593 and 1594:
S surgery benefit and risk assessme
- Page 1595 and 1596:
surgery benefit and risk assessment
- Page 1597 and 1598:
wound care 281 Postoperative Compli
- Page 1599 and 1600:
Lifestyle Variables: Smoking and Ob
- Page 1601 and 1602:
ariatric surgery 285 BARIATRIC OPER
- Page 1603 and 1604:
ariatric surgery 287 most commonly
- Page 1605 and 1606:
ody mass index (BMI) 289 BODY FAT P
- Page 1607 and 1608:
C childhood obesity The development
- Page 1609 and 1610:
D-E diet aids Products that claim t
- Page 1611 and 1612:
food cravings 295 means of controll
- Page 1613 and 1614:
L-N lean muscle mass The amount of
- Page 1615 and 1616:
O obesity The circumstance of weigh
- Page 1617 and 1618:
obesity and health 301 obesity and
- Page 1619 and 1620:
S smoking and health There are no h
- Page 1621 and 1622:
smoking cessation 305 more than 25
- Page 1623 and 1624:
upper arm circumference 307 LUNGS,
- Page 1625 and 1626:
weight loss and weight management 3
- Page 1627 and 1628:
SUBSTANCE ABUSE Substance abuse is
- Page 1629 and 1630:
Substance Abuse 313 (FAS) is the mo
- Page 1631 and 1632:
alcohol 315 well as address the phy
- Page 1633 and 1634:
alcohol 317 sense of relaxation and
- Page 1635 and 1636:
alcoholism 319 onslaught of hepatot
- Page 1637 and 1638:
anabolic steroids and steroid precu
- Page 1639 and 1640:
B THE TRUTH ABOUT TRUTH SERUM Thiop
- Page 1641 and 1642:
uprenorphine 325 SORS; ERYTHROCYTE;
- Page 1643 and 1644:
chloral hydrate A hypnotic drug use
- Page 1645 and 1646:
cocaine 329 HOL and smoke cigarette
- Page 1647 and 1648:
depressants 331 presence in the bod
- Page 1649 and 1650:
disulfiram 333 HEALTH RISKS OF DEXT
- Page 1651 and 1652:
fetal alcohol syndrome 335 full-blo
- Page 1653 and 1654:
H hallucinogens Psychoactive substa
- Page 1655 and 1656:
hypnotics 339 needle directly into
- Page 1657 and 1658:
intoxication 341 Needle exchange pr
- Page 1659 and 1660:
methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA
- Page 1661 and 1662:
As a stimulant nicotine can heighte
- Page 1663 and 1664:
O-R opiates Drugs derived from opiu
- Page 1665 and 1666:
Rohypnol 349 prescription drug abus
- Page 1667 and 1668:
substance abuse treatment 351 drawa
- Page 1669 and 1670:
T-W tobacco A plant cultivated as a
- Page 1671 and 1672:
EMERGENCY AND FIRST AID This sectio
- Page 1673 and 1674:
First Response The responses and ac
- Page 1675 and 1676:
First Response 359 site and situati
- Page 1677 and 1678:
Burns, Bleeding, Breaks The most co
- Page 1679 and 1680:
Burns, Bleeding, Breaks 363 • If
- Page 1681 and 1682:
Burns, Bleeding, Breaks 365 there.
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Burns, Bleeding, Breaks 367 See als
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Drowning 369 MONARY RESUSCITATION (
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Cardiac Arrest Cardiac arrest—any
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Cardiac Arrest 373 4. Grab the fist
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Heat and Cold Injuries 375 severe m
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Major Trauma Major trauma is a circ
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Major Trauma 379 • Stop bleeding.
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Poisoning Many substances are toxic
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Poisoning 383 POISONOUS SNAKES IN T
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Poisoning 385 people injured with e
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APPENDIXES I. Vital Signs II. Advan
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APPENDIX I VITAL SIGNS Vital signs
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APPENDIX III GLOSSARY OF MEDICAL TE
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Glossary of Medical Terms 393 minut
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Abbreviations and Symbols 395 CVID
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Abbreviations and Symbols 397 SPECT
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APPENDIX VI RESOURCES The resources
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Resources 401 US Social Security Ad
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Resources 403 National Parkinson Fo
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Resources 405 JAMA Asthma Informati
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Resources 407 800-950-NAMI (6264) w
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Resources 409 American Academy of F
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Biographies of Notable Personalitie
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Biographies of Notable Personalitie
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Biographies of Notable Personalitie
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APPENDIX VIII DIAGNOSTIC IMAGING PR
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Diagnostic Imaging Procedures 419 X
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Family Medical Tree 421 compile a f
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Immunization and Routine Examinatio
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APPENDIX XII NOBEL LAUREATES IN PHY
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Nobel Laureates in Physiology or Me
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Nobel Laureates in Physiology or Me
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Nobel Laureates in Physiology or Me
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SELECTED BIBLIOGRAPHY AND FURTHER R
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Bibliography 435 Leikin, Jerrold B.
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Bibliography 437 Emery, Alan E. H.,
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MEDICAL ADVISORY REVIEW PANEL Kyra
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Medical Advisory Review Panel 441 M
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444 Index prescription drug abuse 4
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446 Index smoking and pulmonary dis
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448 Index aphrodisiac 4:71, 106 apl
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450 Index Sjögren’s syndrome 2:2
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452 Index body substance isolation
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454 Index aphasia 1:225 AVM 2:19 bl
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456 Index tobacco use other than sm
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458 Index GABA 4:336 ginseng 4:72 h
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460 Index cleaning the ear 1:15, 21
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462 Index CABG 2:41-43 cardiac cath
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464 Index cyclothymic disorder 3:37
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466 Index ERCP 3:38 gallbladder 3:4
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468 Index endoscopic retrograde cho
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470 Index F facelift. See rhytidopl
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472 Index immune disorders 2:272 in
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474 Index chest pain 2:35 congenita
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476 Index histocompatability locus
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478 Index stress response hormonal
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480 Index histoplasmosis 2:333 list
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482 Index internal bleeding 4:362,
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484 Index LH. See luteinizing hormo
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486 Index aerobic fitness 2:9 aging
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488 Index abdominal adiposity 4:284
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490 Index skeleton 1:293, 355 struc
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492 Index nevus 1:139, 141, 178-179
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494 Index chondroitin 4:64 flexibil
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496 Index cloning 4:119 deep brain
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498 Index pleurisy 2:183, 218, 218-
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500 Index drinking water standards
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502 Index retinoblastoma 1:114, 118
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504 Index pruritus 1:187-188 pseudo
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506 Index stenosis 2:113, 114 stent
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508 Index fluoridation 4:24-25 func
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510 Index fibroadenoma 3:284 fibroe
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512 Index DVT 2:47-48 platelet 2:16