Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine
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Encyclopedia of Health and Medicine

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Index 495<br />

oxygenated blood 2:4–5, 7, 226<br />

oxygenation<br />

aging <strong>and</strong> cardiovascular<br />

changes 2:10<br />

CAD 2:44<br />

cardiac cycle 2:29<br />

cardiopulmonary bypass 2:33<br />

cyanosis 2:46<br />

heart attack 2:57<br />

pulmonary embolism 2:225<br />

oxygen-carbon dioxide exchange<br />

2:216<br />

aging <strong>and</strong> pulmonary changes<br />

2:182<br />

alveolus 2:183<br />

asphyxia 2:186<br />

berylliosis 2:192<br />

capillary beds 2:27<br />

erythrocyte 2:137<br />

erythrocytes 2:119<br />

hemoglobin 2:142<br />

lifestyle <strong>and</strong> cardiovascular<br />

health 2:72<br />

lungs 2:212<br />

mechanical ventilation 2:214<br />

methemoglobinemia 2:157<br />

oxygen therapy 2:217<br />

pulmonary edema 2:224<br />

respiratory cycle 2:227<br />

sickle cell disease 2:165<br />

oxygen saturation 2:216–217<br />

breathing exercises 2:194<br />

hypoxia 2:205<br />

mechanical ventilation 2:215<br />

oxygen-carbon dioxide<br />

exchange 2:216<br />

oxygen therapy 2:217<br />

smoking <strong>and</strong> pulmonary disease<br />

2:230<br />

oxygen therapy 2:217, 217t<br />

anaphylaxis 2:244<br />

heart attack 2:57<br />

oxygen-carbon dioxide<br />

exchange 2:216<br />

positive airway pressure 2:223<br />

pulmonary edema 2:224<br />

pulmonary hypertension 2:99<br />

respiratory failure 2:227, 228<br />

oxytocin 3:99, 145, 152, 250<br />

P<br />

pacemaker 2:93<br />

arrhythmia 2:18<br />

AV node 2:23<br />

bundle branch block 2:26<br />

CRT 2:31<br />

heart transplantation 2:63<br />

sick sinus syndrome 2:104<br />

TENS 1:385<br />

Paget’s disease <strong>of</strong> the bone 1:348;<br />

3:139, 153<br />

Paget’s disease <strong>of</strong> the breast 3:315<br />

pain 1:382. See also specific forms <strong>of</strong><br />

pain, e.g.: acute pain<br />

pain, living with 1:378<br />

pain <strong>and</strong> pain management<br />

1:361–389. See also specific pain<br />

management medications <strong>and</strong><br />

techniques, e.g.: analgesic<br />

medications<br />

acupuncture 4:56<br />

anesthesia 4:261, 262<br />

breakthrough research <strong>and</strong><br />

treatment advances 1:362<br />

buprenorphine 4:325<br />

dependence 4:331<br />

fentanyl 4:334<br />

hallucinogens 4:338<br />

heroin 4:338<br />

ketamine 4:342<br />

massage therapy 4:82<br />

mechanisms <strong>of</strong> 1:361<br />

narcotics 4:344<br />

OTC drug 4:167<br />

overview 1:361–362<br />

PCA 4:274<br />

placebo 4:169<br />

postoperative procedures 4:275,<br />

276<br />

substance abuse 4:311<br />

surgery 4:258<br />

traditions in medical history<br />

1:361–362<br />

pain management in cancer<br />

2:386–387<br />

pallidotomy 1:274<br />

palpitations 2:40, 44, 51, 93–94,<br />

94, 94t, 342; 4:326, 330<br />

pancreas 3:79–80, 80t<br />

cystic fibrosis 4:120<br />

gastrointestinal system 3:1<br />

hemochromatosis 3:133<br />

insulin 3:148<br />

islet cell transplantation 3:149<br />

islets <strong>of</strong> Langerhans 3:149<br />

metabolism 4:225<br />

pancreatic cancer 3:80<br />

pancreatitis 3:80<br />

pancreatic cancer 2:370, 374; 3:80,<br />

81; 4:306<br />

pancreatic duct 3:38, 79<br />

pancreatitis 3:80–81<br />

p<strong>and</strong>emics 4:2, 35<br />

panic disorder 3:376, 378, 379<br />

Papaver somniferum 1:361; 4:311,<br />

344, 347<br />

papillae 1:4, 26<br />

papilledema 1:107, 115<br />

papillitis 1:107, 269<br />

papilloma 1:180<br />

Pap test 3:256, 258, 259, 264, 315,<br />

316t; 4:14<br />

papule 1:180, 181, 186, 194<br />

paracentesis 3:16, 322<br />

paracrine activity 2:257, 290<br />

paralysis 1:274–275; 2:312, 332;<br />

3:182, 369<br />

Bell’s palsy 1:228–229<br />

disability <strong>and</strong> exercise 4:220<br />

Guillain-Barré syndrome 1:255<br />

head <strong>and</strong> spinal cord injuries<br />

4:378<br />

poliomyelitis 1:277, 278<br />

spina bifida 1:282<br />

spinal cord injury 1:283<br />

vocal cord paralysis 1:63<br />

paraneoplastic pemphigus 1:182,<br />

183<br />

paranoia 3:379, 383; 4:319, 348<br />

paraphimosis 3:315–316<br />

parasite 1:180–182, 194; 2:348,<br />

348t, 350, 363<br />

parasitic illness. See specific illnesses,<br />

e.g.: amebiasis<br />

parathormone. See parathyroid<br />

hormone<br />

parathyroid gl<strong>and</strong>s 3:100, 138, 143,<br />

151, 153, 153<br />

parathyroid hormone 3:153–154;<br />

4:187<br />

bone 1:307–308<br />

calcitonin 3:115<br />

endocrine system 3:100<br />

hyperparathyroidism 3:138<br />

hypoparathyroidism 3:143<br />

osteoporosis 1:346<br />

parathyroid gl<strong>and</strong>s 3:153<br />

urinary system 3:172<br />

parenteral nutrition 3:77, 88;<br />

4:198, 202<br />

parenting 4:243, 249<br />

paresthesia 1:269, 275, 318; 4:332<br />

Parkinson’s disease 1:275–276;<br />

3:99, 124, 376<br />

aging <strong>and</strong> nutrition/dietary<br />

changes 4:176<br />

aphasia 1:225<br />

benign essential tumor vs. 1:288

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