Protestantism in Poland and Bohemia - James Aitken Wylie

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chief support, after the crown, of the Papal reaction in the Polish dominions. Not only were their influence and wealth freely employed for the spread of the Jesuits, but all the Protestant churches and schools which their father had built on his estates were made over to the Church of Rome. The example of the Radziwills was followed by many of the Lithuanian nobles, who returned within the Roman pale, bringing with them not only the edifices on their lands formerly used in the Protestant service, but their tenants also, and expelling those who refused to conform. By this time the populace had been sufficiently leavened with the spirit and principles of the Jesuits to be made their tool. Mob violence is commonly the first form that persecution assumes. It was so in Poland. The caves whence these popular tempests issued were the Jesuit colleges. The students inflamed the passions of the multitude, and the public peace was broken by tumult and outrage. Protestant worshipping assemblies began to be assailed and dispersed, Protestant churches to be wrecked, and Protestant 114
libraries to be given to the flames. The churches of Cracow, of Vilna, and other towns were pillaged. Protestant cemeteries were violated, their monuments and tablets destroyed, the dead exhumed, and their remains scattered about. It was not possible at times to carry the Protestant dead to their graves. In June, 1578, the funeral procession of a Protestant lady was attacked in the streets of Cracow by the pupils of All-hallows College. Stones were thrown, the attendants were driven away, the body was torn from the coffin, and after being dragged through the streets it was thrown into the Vistula. Rarely indeed did the authorities interfere; and when it did happen that punishment followed these misdeeds, the infliction fell on the wretched tools, and the guiltier instigators and ringleaders were suffered to escape.[3] While the Jesuits were smiting the Protestant ministers and members with the arm of the mob, they were bowing the knee in adulation and flattery before the Protestant nobles and gentry. In the saloons of the great, the same men who sowed from their chairs the principles of sedition and 115
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PROTESTANTISM IN POLAND AND BOHEMIA
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Germany, which because the seat of
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Prague in 1411. The citizens interr
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capital, and the chief emporium of
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whom the late changes had been made
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consummate their auto- da-fe. At Br
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were being laid for them in the wri
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historian styles him had to pass th
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through Cracow. The pilgrims assemb
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The next move was to convoke a Syno
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domains, inhabited castles, and liv
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willing to execute their sentences.
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thought it very possible that if he
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Krasinski, Hist. Reform. Poland, vo
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although amid all these laborers we
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he feared to take the only effectua
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whether Sigismund Augustus was ever
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ample, he took upon himself the exp
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only infallible touch-stone -- "Can
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oth recognised a common foe. Accusa
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Friesland, the troubles of Alasco m
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entered the Danish harbor of Elsino
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Church; and now (1555) he dedicated
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seemed now within his reach. That w
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Pope would do, and with more order
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intercourse with some Bohemian Prot
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to the horrors of the death-bed of
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destruction, and afterwards to an e
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20. Krasinski, Slavonia, pp. 217, 2
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ecclesiastical reforms; this fortif
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in transubstantiation, and would ne
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Page 65 and 66: 3rdly, the marriage of priests; 4th
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Page 69 and 70: If a National Council could not mee
Page 71 and 72: that the Bohemian Confession was "c
Page 73 and 74: sectaries, as well as all the enemi
Page 75 and 76: There follows a long and brilliant
Page 77 and 78: efficient weapon against the attack
Page 79 and 80: 11. Krasinski, Hist Reform. Poland,
Page 81 and 82: the organisation of its Church at t
Page 83 and 84: native land was not unlike that of
Page 85 and 86: convened in each district. Although
Page 87 and 88: in 1572, without having come to any
Page 89 and 90: of the Protestants, drafted a list
Page 91 and 92: what was unlawful was not binding,
Page 93 and 94: could they feel for him? Henry took
Page 95 and 96: Chapter 5 Turning of the Tide of Pr
Page 97 and 98: Poland, and whence they spread them
Page 99 and 100: of their tithes from Protestant lan
Page 101 and 102: was this danger, perhaps not forese
Page 103 and 104: years, not without glory, and was s
Page 105 and 106: 3. Ibid., vol. 2., pp. 49, 50. 105
Page 107 and 108: application to business, often dict
Page 109 and 110: Fables of Aesop. His many acquireme
Page 111 and 112: others to enrich also themselves. C
Page 113: the devil, addressed to the members
Page 117 and 118: among them a few men of good talent
Page 119 and 120: that should they slip their fetters
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Page 123 and 124: Vladislav was succeeded by his brot
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Page 127 and 128: Casimir returned to resume his reig
Page 129 and 130: communion were extinct or had passe
Page 131 and 132: Justice requires that we should sta
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Page 135 and 136: Chapter 7 Bohemia Entrance of Refor
Page 137 and 138: century, there were about 200 of th
Page 139 and 140: Church of Laeta Curia, Old Prague.
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Page 143 and 144: Christ is present in it, having fle
Page 145 and 146: venerable scholar and aged matron a
Page 147 and 148: great favor with him as to be accou
Page 149 and 150: malicious charges, issued an order
Page 151 and 152: Elector of Saxony, on the throne of
Page 153 and 154: filled all their existing schools,
Page 155 and 156: old edicts against the Protestants.
Page 157 and 158: Confession been universally signed,
Page 159 and 160: 4. See ante, vol. 1, bk. 3., chap.
Page 161 and 162: Chapter 8 Overthrow of Protestantis
Page 163 and 164: and orphans. There was, moreover, a
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not be lasting. The great security
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expressed the consummate craft with
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to beg the electors not to recogniz
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and maidens violated; neither the c
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The men now swept off to prison wer
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emperor's sword to conquer, and has
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their religion, holding out the hop
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een erected. They hastened to the w
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soldiers and townspeople rushed int
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those who remained behind would mak
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7. Comenius, cap. 44, p. 154. 8. "L
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He paced to and fro a little while
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found the leaves were of silk, whit
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on the tower of the Bridge of Pragu
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when it is tedious to sit long, and
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words. When he had undressed for th
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Czernin, of Chudenitz. This suffere
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scaffold he sang the last verse of
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Fathers, thinking the victory as go
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hands in prayer. Then, rising up, h
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the ladder, and gave up the ghost.[
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Chapter 10 Suppression of Protestan
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the emperor to bring the whole of B
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liberty you desire? Everywhere you
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abandonment of the Protestant faith
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on the streets were often so great
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The razing of the churches in many
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of the church in Prague which had b
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were forgotten; the noble memories
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care for the salvation of his kingd
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Protestant burials; to harbor any o
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thereafter, several hundreds were s
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many perishing through the hunger,
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historians also. "Until that time,"
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13. Ludwig Hausser, Period of the R
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Protestantism in Poland and Bohemia - James Aitken Wylie

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