Protestantism in Poland and Bohemia - James Aitken Wylie

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There followed other noblemen, whose behavior on the scaffold was equally courageous, and whose dying words were equally impressive, but to record them all would unnecessarily prolong our narration. We take a few examples from among the citizens whose blood was mingled with that of the nobles in defense of the religion and liberty of their native land. Valentine Kochan, a learned man, a Governor of the University, and Secretary of Prague, protested, when Ferdinand II was thrust upon them, that no king should be elected without the consent of Moravia and Silesia. This caused him to be marked out for vengeance. In his last hours he bewailed the divisions that had prevailed among the Protestants of Bohemia, and which had opened a door for their calamities. "O!" said he, "if all the States had employed more thought and diligence in maintaining union; if there had not been so much hatred on both sides; if one had not sought preference before another, and had not given way to mutual suspicions; moreover, if the clergy and the laity had assisted each other with counsel and action, in love, unity, and peace, we should never have been thus far misled."[5] On the 198
scaffold he sang the last verse of the sixteenth: Psalm: "Thou wilt show me the path of life; in thy presence is fullness of joy, at thy right hand are pleasures for evermore;" and then yielded his head to the executioner. Tobias Steffek was a man of equal modesty and piety. He had been chosen to fill important trusts by his fellow-citizens. "Many a cup of blessing," said he, "have I received from the hand of the Lord, and shall I not accept this cup of affliction? I am going by a narrow path to the heavenly kingdom." His time in prison was mostly passed in sighs and teals. When called to go to the scaffold, he looked up with eyes suffused with weeping, yet with the hope shining through his tears that the same stroke that should sever his head from his body would wipe them away for ever. In this hope he died. John Jessenius, professor of medicine, and Chancellor of! the University of Prague, was the next whose blood was spilt. He was famed for his medical skill all over Europe. tie was the intimate friend of the illustrious Tycho Brahe, and 199
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PROTESTANTISM IN POLAND AND BOHEMIA
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Germany, which because the seat of
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Prague in 1411. The citizens interr
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capital, and the chief emporium of
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whom the late changes had been made
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consummate their auto- da-fe. At Br
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were being laid for them in the wri
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historian styles him had to pass th
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through Cracow. The pilgrims assemb
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The next move was to convoke a Syno
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domains, inhabited castles, and liv
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willing to execute their sentences.
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thought it very possible that if he
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Krasinski, Hist. Reform. Poland, vo
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although amid all these laborers we
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he feared to take the only effectua
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whether Sigismund Augustus was ever
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ample, he took upon himself the exp
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only infallible touch-stone -- "Can
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oth recognised a common foe. Accusa
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Friesland, the troubles of Alasco m
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entered the Danish harbor of Elsino
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Church; and now (1555) he dedicated
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seemed now within his reach. That w
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Pope would do, and with more order
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intercourse with some Bohemian Prot
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to the horrors of the death-bed of
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destruction, and afterwards to an e
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20. Krasinski, Slavonia, pp. 217, 2
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ecclesiastical reforms; this fortif
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in transubstantiation, and would ne
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on whom the ordinary exorcisms had
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3rdly, the marriage of priests; 4th
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decisive effects on the Kingdom of
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If a National Council could not mee
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that the Bohemian Confession was "c
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sectaries, as well as all the enemi
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There follows a long and brilliant
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efficient weapon against the attack
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11. Krasinski, Hist Reform. Poland,
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the organisation of its Church at t
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native land was not unlike that of
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convened in each district. Although
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in 1572, without having come to any
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of the Protestants, drafted a list
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what was unlawful was not binding,
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could they feel for him? Henry took
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Chapter 5 Turning of the Tide of Pr
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Poland, and whence they spread them
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of their tithes from Protestant lan
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was this danger, perhaps not forese
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years, not without glory, and was s
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3. Ibid., vol. 2., pp. 49, 50. 105
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application to business, often dict
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Fables of Aesop. His many acquireme
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others to enrich also themselves. C
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the devil, addressed to the members
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libraries to be given to the flames
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among them a few men of good talent
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that should they slip their fetters
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described by Broscius, a zealous Ro
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Vladislav was succeeded by his brot
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archbishop should have a seat in th
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Casimir returned to resume his reig
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communion were extinct or had passe
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Justice requires that we should sta
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ecame rottenness, and blight deepen
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Chapter 7 Bohemia Entrance of Refor
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century, there were about 200 of th
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Church of Laeta Curia, Old Prague.
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massacre all the Calixtines, and th
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Christ is present in it, having fle
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venerable scholar and aged matron a
Page 147 and 148: great favor with him as to be accou
Page 149 and 150: malicious charges, issued an order
Page 151 and 152: Elector of Saxony, on the throne of
Page 153 and 154: filled all their existing schools,
Page 155 and 156: old edicts against the Protestants.
Page 157 and 158: Confession been universally signed,
Page 159 and 160: 4. See ante, vol. 1, bk. 3., chap.
Page 161 and 162: Chapter 8 Overthrow of Protestantis
Page 163 and 164: and orphans. There was, moreover, a
Page 165 and 166: not be lasting. The great security
Page 167 and 168: expressed the consummate craft with
Page 169 and 170: to beg the electors not to recogniz
Page 171 and 172: and maidens violated; neither the c
Page 173 and 174: The men now swept off to prison wer
Page 175 and 176: emperor's sword to conquer, and has
Page 177 and 178: their religion, holding out the hop
Page 179 and 180: een erected. They hastened to the w
Page 181 and 182: soldiers and townspeople rushed int
Page 183 and 184: those who remained behind would mak
Page 185 and 186: 7. Comenius, cap. 44, p. 154. 8. "L
Page 187 and 188: He paced to and fro a little while
Page 189 and 190: found the leaves were of silk, whit
Page 191 and 192: on the tower of the Bridge of Pragu
Page 193 and 194: when it is tedious to sit long, and
Page 195 and 196: words. When he had undressed for th
Page 197: Czernin, of Chudenitz. This suffere
Page 201 and 202: Fathers, thinking the victory as go
Page 203 and 204: hands in prayer. Then, rising up, h
Page 205 and 206: the ladder, and gave up the ghost.[
Page 207 and 208: Chapter 10 Suppression of Protestan
Page 209 and 210: the emperor to bring the whole of B
Page 211 and 212: liberty you desire? Everywhere you
Page 213 and 214: abandonment of the Protestant faith
Page 215 and 216: on the streets were often so great
Page 217 and 218: The razing of the churches in many
Page 219 and 220: of the church in Prague which had b
Page 221 and 222: were forgotten; the noble memories
Page 223 and 224: care for the salvation of his kingd
Page 225 and 226: Protestant burials; to harbor any o
Page 227 and 228: thereafter, several hundreds were s
Page 229 and 230: many perishing through the hunger,
Page 231 and 232: historians also. "Until that time,"
Page 233: 13. Ludwig Hausser, Period of the R
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Protestantism in Poland and Bohemia - James Aitken Wylie

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