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painting of popular style near the entrance depicting potters (painted over in its last phase) suggests that the property was once an officina vasaria. References Jashemski 1993, 42-43; PPM I, 826-833; Fröhlich 1991, 253; Castiglione Morelli del Franco & Vitale 1989, 197-199; PPP I, 80-81; CTP IIIA, 14-15; Della Corte 1954, 272, #675; Maiuri 1953/54; Della Corte NSc 1946, 100-101. Data A) Total area: 240.5 Nodes: 150.2 Connectors: 0 Static spaces: 90.3 B) Total # spaces: 9 # Nodes: 2 # Connectors: 0 # Static spaces: 5 C) Area, KI [9]: 22.9 Area, DI◊(3): 15.1 Length, DI◊(3): 3.68 Width, DI◊(3): 4.09 43. I.8.12, Stabulum/Officina, (work)shop-house (Figs. 2.6, 5.5) Synopsis A dead horse was found next to a manger on the W of court (1) near piles of bedding and manure. Fifteen wine amphorae were recovered from the NE corner, and sixteen bronze vessels were found here, perhaps from the upper floor. Numerous agricultural tools were also discovered. The building was certainly a stable and probably also a workshop, perhaps belonging to the owners of the house at (I.8.17+11). An arcuated niche shrine occupied the N wall of court (1). References Castiglione Morelli del Franco & Vitale 1989, 199-200; CTP IIIA, 14-15; Maiuri 1953/54, 101ff; Della Corte NSc 1946, 101-102. Data A) Total area: 108.6 Nodes: 66.7 Connectors: 3.1 Static spaces: 38.8 B) Total # spaces: 6 # Nodes: 1 # Connectors: 1 # Static spaces: 4 44. I.8.13, Officina di A. Granius Romanus, (work)shop-house (Figs. 2.6, 5.5, 5.121-5.122) Synopsis Numerous inscriptions recording financial transactions scrawled on the walls and twelve wine amphorae against the S wall of court (1) led Della Corte to interpret this complex as a center for the production and sale of wine. However, due to piles of building material found near the amphorae, Castiglione Morelli del Franco & Vitale argue that the building was under renovation at the time of the eruption. A latrine is located immediately to the right of the entrance inside the 283
uilding. Behind it to the E is a separate drain to the street beneath the remnants of a large HE• of sub-type (2); only one support wall survives (Figs. 5.121-5.122). The only room seemingly appropriate for dining is DR◊(3) at the ruined SE corner, with a window on to court (1). Off the NW corner of the same court is an arcuated shrine with associated ritual material: four small terracotta altars, four plates, a small head of a figurine, three lamps and fittings for a door that locked up the shrine (Fig. 5.122). References Jashemski 1993, 43; Castiglione Morelli del Franco & Vitale 1989, 197-199; Laidlaw 1985, 68; CTP IIIA, 14-15; Della Corte 1954, 272-273, #676-679; Della Corte NSc 1946, 102-107. Data A) Total area: 259.4 Nodes: 138.0 Connectors: 0 Static spaces: 121.4 B) Total # spaces: 13 # Nodes: 2 # Connectors: 0 # Static spaces: 9 C) Area, ST in (1): 2.5 Area, DR◊(3): 17.4 Length, DR◊(3): 4.44 Width, DR◊(3): 3.91 45. I.8.14, Casa di M. Epidius Primus, casa piccola (Figs. 1.7, 2.6, 5.5, 5.123-5.124) Synopsis A solid masonry ST of sub-type (1) takes up the N end of KI (11); its tiled top is bordered by a front lip of imbrices (Fig. 5.123). A latrine is situated just to the E in room (10). The spacious DR•(6), with 2nd style decoration, is the likely choice for a dining area (Fig. 5.124). Castiglione Morelli del Franco & Vitale report an aedicular (niched) lararium in the N wall of DR•(6) and a painted shrine in the NW corner of the garden court (7). A chest was found in entranceway (1), perhaps abandoned in flight, containing nine silver pieces of tableware, including four drinking cups, a ladle, two sauce or dipping pans, and two small jugs (Fig. 1.7). 32 coarseware vessels and 18 glass vessels probably supplied the kitchen and the table respectively, and a collection of wine amphorae were stacked in the NW corner of court (7). Amphorae were also stored in room (9), and bracket holes for shelving indicate storage in (12). Nearly a hundred bronze and iron tools suggests that the house was also used as a workshop, perhaps for leather working. References Jashemski 1993, 43; PPM I, 834-843; Rediscovering Pompeii 1990, #32, 100-104, 114; Castiglione Morelli del Franco & Vitale 1989, 201-205; PPP I, 81-82; CTP IIIA, 14-15; Della Corte 1954, 273- 274, #680-682; Della Corte NSc 1946, 108-112. 284
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Doctoral Committee: KITCHENS AND DI
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"This task will become comparativel
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To my parents, Rodney and Susan, fo
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Ault, J. Berry, A. Cubberley and C.
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II. DEFINING COOKING AND DINING ARE
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27. I.7.2-3: Casa di M. Fabius Aman
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Table LIST OF TABLES 2.1 Lengths an
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1.14 Late Republican-early imperial
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2.22 Triple-arched stove sub-type (
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5.8 Detailed microanalysis plan of
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5.44 Casa del pressorio di terracot
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5.79 Casa del Sacerdos Amandus I.7.
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5.113 Casa della Statuetta Indiana
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5.151 Casa I.9.12: view E within di
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INTRODUCTION Sometimes the distance
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scholars (P. Allison, J. Berry) hav
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consumption of meals in Pompeii and
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Where is cooking and eating done? W
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dormice, deer, frogs, snails, and s
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Special foods were commonly linked
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Culinary information Methods for pr
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wooden cupboards; smaller closed ro
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Cooking techniques and instruments
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over a fire built on the ground, wi
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individual spills, and later were u
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sufficiently 'cultured' to belong t
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Our only long literary description
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When is cooking and eating done? Th
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A full, elite dinner traditionally
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himself eat under similar condition
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public as adjuncts to the state. 13
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Eating establishments On a daily ba
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occasion for frequenting taverns. E
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sitting rooms). Static spaces are u
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distinction, because the front of t
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water and fire which were required
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personal beliefs. Only in larger ho
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"Boys" (pueri) here describe childr
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and putting all the utensils in the
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thereby eventual access to a patron
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"Whether the host should arrange th
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We complimented our host on his arr
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CHAPTER II DEFINING COOKING AND DIN
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(I.4, VII.1, IX.1-2) began with the
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they should have been full of pots
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installation are listed below, alon
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to extinguish the living flame. 36
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or testum, see chapter one, p. 19-2
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Culina In an architectural sense, c
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This fourth century A.D. quote is t
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Rustics and Romans of the past are
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(truae) at Pompeii were rarely rout
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Authors constantly complain about s
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Casa dell'Efebo (I.7.10-12). 104 No
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disintegrated, leaving the top surf
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the ashes and coals were raked out,
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cenatio, Dining room. A general ter
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which is normally much smaller on a
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Varro mentions places at home and a
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Roman house, Vitruvius mentions how
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Varro's comments reveal a concern w
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a survey of 73 triclinia from the g
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In the Egyptian hall, the columns t
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all they wanted -- the smarter ones
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Bek succeeds in showing that views
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and exedrae where there is minimal
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Vitruvius stresses the need to make
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mark the division between service a
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ca. 2.12 x 1.10 m., and the small '
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House, Room Address Width Length Ho
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designed to hold dinners, but also
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propatulo) mentioned by Varro as a
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simple quantification and percentag
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numbers (see Table 3.2). At smalles
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"The symbolic contrast between "nob
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formal dining, or benches, tables a
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evidence for suites of upper-floor
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(Work)shop-house I.9.10 ST1 in KI(2
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(Work)shops (Work)shops are the onl
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type (4) (i.e. horseshoe-shaped bur
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skillets, cauldrons, jugs, terracot
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Commercial eating establishments Th
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I.4, the southwest corner of insula
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are always located near an open are
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(Work)shops No securely identifiabl
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Casa media Houses of medium size ha
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were perhaps used by the staff duri
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door that connects to the attached
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Wide doorways framed a visual table
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Commercial eating establishments De
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casa grande could one dining area b
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wares in the same front room as the
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Casa grande Larger buildings contai
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(Work)shop-houses The association o
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itual evidence is either slim or no
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association with food, and as a res
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gods, but once that meal was safely
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was usually at least one dining are
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CHAPTER IV THE SOCIO-CULTURAL ENVIR
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from actually incorporating eating
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or peristyles near dining rooms als
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illustrate this phenomenon with a s
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Owners of larger houses lavished fa
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1. Street address, name of building
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The categories of numeric and descr
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F. Perceptibility 12 Sight perc., K
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Gazetteer, part I: microanalysis 1.
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prepared the food and run the count
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was given a ramped threshold for ad
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Entry prox., DH•(19) to #5: 59.0
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and atria elsewhere in the house. I
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y far the most elaborate, construct
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the N and to the court (n) at the b
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D) Entry prox., HE in (a): 5.5 Entr
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storage niche in the E wall (Fig. 5
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H) Installation amenities, KI (h):
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13. I.4.27, Popina, lunch-counter (
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Scholars generally agree however, t
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snake rises towards the niche on th
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17. I.6.4 Casa del Sacello Iliaco,
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kiln was built half into the ground
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est of the kitchen by an E-W partit
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wall from the cryptoporticus, its f
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DR (h) lost its former function as
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were an iron cooking grill and trip
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one to run the fullery and one to l
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weather by closing off the window w
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21. I.6.10, Taberna, (work)shop (Fi
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Schefold 1957, 25-26; Della Corte 1
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237 suggests that the upper part of
Page 262 and 263: adoperato per cucina o per dispensa
Page 264 and 265: I) Decorative amenities, DR•(4):
Page 266 and 267: References Jashemski 1993, 36, 315;
Page 268 and 269: insects, efficiently recycling the
Page 270 and 271: 26. I.7.1+20, Casa di P. Paquius Pr
Page 272 and 273: D) Entry prox., KI (14): 39.8 Entry
Page 274 and 275: equired. While the dining areas wer
Page 276 and 277: I) Decorative Amenities, CS in (g):
Page 278 and 279: Data A) Total area: 85.4 Nodes: 34.
Page 280 and 281: At the end of the entrance, atrium
Page 282 and 283: Synthesis DR•(b), with its fine w
Page 284 and 285: the SW corner of DR◊(4) led to a
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Page 288 and 289: the room seems not to have been in
Page 290 and 291: The three masonry dining-couches of
Page 292 and 293: possessed intimate motifs in a Nilo
Page 294 and 295: There are two other kitchens in the
Page 296 and 297: 5.93). Elsewhere in the building, a
Page 298 and 299: and garden; rooms (6, 7) have trace
Page 300 and 301: of a neighboring house to the E was
Page 302 and 303: under the SE corner of DR•(c) cau
Page 304 and 305: The extensive evidence for renovati
Page 306 and 307: ovens. 74 It is not certain whether
Page 308 and 309: Synthesis The design of the dining
Page 310 and 311: peristyle garden (8), in the compan
Page 314 and 315: Data A) Total area: 211.4 Nodes: 78
Page 316 and 317: condition. A photo taken in recent
Page 318 and 319: comm.) reports that the praefurnium
Page 320 and 321: 54. I.9.9, Casa, (work)shop-house (
Page 322 and 323: niched shrine was set in the W wall
Page 324 and 325: (Fig. 5.159). The kitchen was added
Page 326 and 327: collections of amphorae in (20, 34)
Page 328 and 329: 64. I.10.7, Casa del Fabbro, casa m
Page 330 and 331: 66. I.10.9, Taberna di P.C.F., (wor
Page 332 and 333: 70. I.10.18, Casa degli Aufidii, ca
Page 334 and 335: Bek, L. 1983: "Questiones convivale
Page 336 and 337: De Vos, M. 1976: "Scavi nuovi scono
Page 338 and 339: Farb, P. & Armelagos, G. 1980: Cons
Page 340 and 341: Hudson, N.A. 1989: "Food in Roman s
Page 342 and 343: Maiuri, A. 1954a: Pompeii, Istituto
Page 344 and 345: Pirson, F. 1994: "Rented apartments
Page 346 and 347: Simoons, F.J. 1961: Eat not this fl
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