Post harvest diseases fruits and vegetables - Xavier University ...

FREEDOM PALESTINE FREEDOM PALESTINE FREEDOM PALESTINE
POSTHARVEST DISEASE SUMMARY
FOUR FRUIT GROUPS
The present chapter presents the major postharvest diseases of four
specific groups of fruits: subtropical and tropical fruits; pome and stone
fruits; soft fruits and berries and solanaceous fruit vegetables. Aspects
addressed include the life cycles and modes of infection of the pathogens,
factors affecting disease development, and approaches to disease
prevention and suppression.
These descriptions should give us not only a general view on the
various aspects of the postharvest pathology of different fruits, but may
also enable us to compare among the diseases elicited by a given
pathogen on a variety of hosts and among those elicited by different
pathogens on a certain host. This chapter highlights two important
features common to many postharvest diseases: (a) that wound
pathogens play a dominant part in postharvest pathology, sometimes as
major pathogens responsible for serious losses, and sometimes as minor
pathogens, frequently associated with senescent or weakened tissue;
(b) the importance of quiescent infections, characteristic of many
postharvest pathogens at some stage between their arrival at the host or
their initial penetration into the tissues, and the development of an
active disease.
Since understanding the nature of the pathogens and their modes of
infection forms the basis for the development and subsequent application
of suitable control methods, notes on control measures appropriate to
each group of comodities accompany the disease descriptions.
Furthermore, since many postharvest studies in the last decade have
focused on the development of new control measures, especially new
alternatives to synthetic fungicidal compounds, these new options are
included in the notes. However, we should always keep in mind that
detailed chemical, physical and biological means for disease control, as
well as means for enhancing or eliciting host resistance, are addressed in
separate chapters, for which the present chapter is intended as a
supplement. Comprehensive descriptions of postharvest diseases of fruits
and vegetables have recently been given by Snowdon (1990, 1992) and by
Beattie et al. (1989; 1995).
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