The Doctrine of Self-positing and Receptivity in Kant's Late ...

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of the ontological level of self-positing – the Act der Spontaneität. The number of passages where this function is expressed within the text is numerous. Nonetheless, there are threads or thematic repetitions that are identifiable and which are here organized as follows: 1) apperception as logical act; 2) apperception as Object; 3) apperception and existence; 4) apperception as the locus for Kant‘s critique of Descartes; and finally 5) apperception as Verbum. The two most original moments in this first level of the structure are the second and fifth. The second moment exhibits first an instance within a greater process of self-objectification, one that here is brought about through self- consciousness understood as a logical act. It is an account of the way in which it is possible to say that the subject knower is for itself both subject and Object, even if restricted to the sphere of thought alone. Despite this limitation, however, the second moment initiates a process of self-objectification that will continue into the ontological level of the Selbstsetzungslehre. As to the fifth moment, Kant‘s main idea is that the ―I am‖ – having been found analytically contained within the ―I think‖ by the very act of self-consciousness, and yet as an object identified with thinking itself – functions as a Setzen. The ―I‖ that is thinking (Sum) is the noun of the activity for all possible determination. 138 It is the Verbum by which the subject makes an object of itself. None of the other moments within this first level of the doctrine are particularly new, since one can find them already treated in the KrV. Nonetheless, they are moments that play a crucial role in understanding and making possible that which is original about 138 Nicholas Rescher claims that this description of the ―I am‖ in the Op is new. Manfred Baum, in conversations on the topic, also agreed that this articulation is, if not completely new, then at least it appears very seldom in Kant‘s theoretical philosophy (i.e., he did not recollect any other text where one could find it). 100
the Selbstsetzungslehre. In this respect, the aim here is to elucidate their meaning with the help of his earlier work and from out of this make clear what the ―analytic‖ self- positing is with respect to apperception. i. a. Apperception as Logical Act Apperception‘s most basic function in Kant‘s theoretical philosophy is that of unity of elements, whether exclusively of thought (such as in concepts or judgments) or of the given in intuition (pure or empirical), hence enabling both logic and transcendental logic respectively. In the Selbstsetzunglehre, this function is encapsulated in the concept of a ―logical act.‖ The following are sample passages from the Op where this articulation appears; he writes: The first act of the faculty of representation is the consciousness of myself which is merely logical act underlying all further representation[...] 139 The faculty of representation proceeds from the consciousness of myself (apperceptio), and this is a merely logical act, an act of thought, through which no object is yet given to me. 140 The consciousness of myself is logical merely and leads to no Object; it is, rather, a mere determination of the subject in accordance with the rule of identity. 141 139 Ak: 22:77. Förster, 185. Original: ―Der erste Act des Vorstellungsvermögens ist das Bewustseyn meiner Selbst[,] welches ein blos logischer Act ist[,] der aller übrigen Vorstellung zum Grunde liegt [...].‖ 140 Ak: 22:79. Förster, 187. Original: ―Das Vorstellungsvermögen geht vom Bewustseyn meiner selbst aus (apperceptio) und dieser Act ist blos logisch, der des Denkens, wodurch von mir noch kein Gegenstand gegeben wird.‖ 141 AK: 22:82. Förster, 188. Original: ―Das Bewustseyn meiner selbst ist blos logisch und führt auf kein Object sondern ist eine bloße Bestimmung des Subjects nach der Regel der Identität.‖ 101
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The Doctrine of Self-positing and R
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Abstract of the Dissertation The Do
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Contents Abbreviations vi Preface v
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Preface The interest in the Opus po
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Acknowledgments I am in the debt of
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Introduction The Selbstsetzungslehr
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of receptivity‖ reveals also the
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enables thinkers in the twenty firs
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form of ―principles of synthesis
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a transition that has its own ―sp
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the English language literature tha
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his account was circular. As Först
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fascicle written by Kant between 18
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the doctrine of self-positing attem
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preemptively with this retrospectiv
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meaning of its particular relations
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ii. a. Ontological Proof In its com
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ecause the only operative rule for
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In the context of the BDG, the natu
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3. It is unconditionally impossible
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. We know that a condition for inne
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Realerklährung - an explanation of
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ii. b. Setzung‘s Function as Posi
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Negation can also result from chang
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ii. Kritik der reinen Vernunft ii.
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foreclosed. This is precisely what
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none of this is particularly new. N
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elations of thoroughgoing determina
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that exhibits it must share in the
Page 59 and 60: of this ideal and its final personi
Page 61 and 62: it perceives only its effects. In a
Page 63 and 64: category causality in the second an
Page 65 and 66: Just as time functions as the form
Page 67 and 68: spontaneous nature. Or perhaps it r
Page 69 and 70: points to the fact that in the act
Page 71 and 72: latter (as for the other dynamical
Page 73 and 74: unity is expressed. In the second a
Page 75 and 76: Kant‘s new transcendental idealis
Page 77 and 78: idealize what can be claimed to be.
Page 79 and 80: The structure in the schematic of t
Page 81 and 82: critical model entails thus the sub
Page 83 and 84: continuous reiteration of the most
Page 85 and 86: [machen] of experience with the sou
Page 87 and 88: and not actuality. 103 These fields
Page 89 and 90: functions as ground to a universal
Page 91 and 92: appearance, phenomenon, and noumeno
Page 93 and 94: Handschrift, when he writes: The mi
Page 95 and 96: thought. While the spirit of the cr
Page 97 and 98: faculties of representation in ligh
Page 99 and 100: particularly in their presence, uni
Page 101 and 102: knower to thin an objective represe
Page 103 and 104: doctrine, the name is oftentimes qu
Page 105 and 106: to intuition. This status brings to
Page 107 and 108: Chapter Three: The Analytic Level 1
Page 109: ―Paralogisms‖ section. 136 Desp
Page 113 and 114: Not being able to be thought by the
Page 115 and 116: This connection between the single
Page 117 and 118: it concerns the possibility of the
Page 119 and 120: perspective of its relation to the
Page 121 and 122: apperception and b) the synthetic o
Page 123 and 124: and the section ―On the Paralogis
Page 125 and 126: synthetic determination of its intu
Page 127 and 128: on the possibility of attaching the
Page 129 and 130: distinguished from this ―I‖). 1
Page 131 and 132: object. 177 The consciousness of my
Page 133 and 134: doctrine. One finds, in fact, that
Page 135 and 136: perspective, contained analytically
Page 137 and 138: an inference: [...] 186 The first s
Page 139 and 140: this follows from the fact that for
Page 141 and 142: feeling can be said to be a form of
Page 143 and 144: that of which we are conscious as o
Page 145 and 146: true, the nature of intuition concr
Page 147 and 148: This formulation of the ―I am‖
Page 149 and 150: Chapter Four: The Ontological Level
Page 151 and 152: of identity, the analytic containme
Page 153 and 154: there Kant nevertheless asks: ―An
Page 155 and 156: objectification and ―I am‖ as V
Page 157 and 158: The first synthetic act of consciou
Page 159 and 160: introducing a different field of de
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where the earlier indeterminate emp
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What is given first to the power of
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epresentation that was given prior
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outside itself, which it can then d
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ground that can accommodate the exp
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These passages by no means say the
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sensible‖ (as Deleuze would phras
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schematization. What that is like w
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from which the ―I think‖ gains
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The path taken to arrive at a basic
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As seen in chapter four, the relati
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In so far as the Selbstsetzungslehr
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MAN that, indeed, no science unders
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medical doctors, educators, and phy
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the grounding of the human sciences
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______ ―Metaphysical Foundations
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S. Harris. Revised Edition. Indiana
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Critique of Pure Reason. Chicago, U
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