Appendix D - Dossier (PDF) - Tera

date: 20–JUL–2005
5. Toxicity Substance ID: 71–43–2
______________________________________________________________________________
cerebellum), dopamine (corpus striatum, hypothalamus) and
serotonin (hypothalamus, midbrain, corpus striatum, cerebral
cortex, medulla oblongata) levels; also increased levels of
catecholamine metabolites indicating induction of synthesis
and catabolism of monoamine transmitters by benzene
ingestion.
Source: Deutsche Shell Chemie GmbH Eschborn
Test substance: purity 99.9%
06–JAN–1997 (535)
Type: Toxicokinetics
Remark: In summary, benzene is well absorbed in humans and
experimental animals after oral and inhalation exposures,
but in humans dermal absorption is poor. Approximately 50%
absorption occurs in humans during continuous exposures to
163–326 mg/m3 for several hours. After a 4–hr exposure to
170–202 mg/m3, retention in the human body was approximately
30%, with 16% of the retained dose having been excreted as
unchanged benzene in expired air. Women may retain a
greater percentage of inhaled benzene than men. Benzene
tends to accumulate in tissues containing high amounts of
lipids, and it crosses the placenta. Benzene is eliminated
by exhalation of unmetabolized benzene from the lungs and by
metabolism in the liver (lesser extend by bone marrow) and
following excretion via urine.
Reliability: 4 (validity cannot be judged)
data from secondary literature, but validated (WHO, 1993) by
an expert group (WHO task group)
Source: Deutsche Shell Chemie GmbH Eschborn
06–JAN–1997 (874) (1252)
Type: Toxicokinetics
Remark: method: 6 male and 6 female human volunteers inhaled 52–62
ppm benzene for 4 h; benzene concentration was measured in
1–h–intervals by GC and spectrophotometry.
results: retention decreased with duration of exposure and
reached a constant level (30%, estimated) after 2 h (no
differences between men and women); absorption was greatest
during 1st 5 minutes of exposure; after 4 h 46.9% of the
dose was taken up by the subjects, 16.8% was excreted as
unchanged benzene in the expired air; metabolites of benzene
were excreted in the urine mainly in form of sulfate and
glucuronide conjugates of phenol.
Reliability: 2 (valid with restriction)
Comparable to guideline study with acceptable restrictions
no data about test substance
Source: Deutsche Shell Chemie GmbH Eschborn ;German rapporteur
Flag: Risk Assessment
14–SEP–2000 (838) (839)
Appendix D: Benzene SIDS Dossier
– 831/957 –