Los retos de la historia oral en el siglo XXI: diversidades ...

Sesiones paralelas / Parallel sessionsSince the 1970 th the historical as well as the social and political perspectiveon National Socialism and Word War II was dominated by the victims, first ofall victims of the Holocaust followed by other persecuted groups. Aside, therewas definitely no room for the experience of Germans being victims in someway or other as well. For those Germans, who experienced the war as part oftheir childhood, this dogma of remembrance seems to work twice. Not onlythat historical science and politics did not acknowledge or even notice theirsuffering, they themselves never paid attention to their very special childhood.“That was normal to us”, is what they said so far. In this sense the term “forgottengeneration” reveals a double meaning.In the meantime, the former children of war, born between 1930 and 1945, reachedan age of 65 up to 80 years. They retired from their jobs and their childrenare adult and left home long ago. They look back and some seem to feel thattheir childhood, dominated by the war in various ways, influenced their lifemuch more than they had admitted so far. As we know today by medical andpsychological studies not less members of this generation came down withmental and/or physical diseases that can be interpreted as long-term consequencesof their war experiences.The paper based on interviews with people who regarded themselves as childrenof war and donate their interview to an association called “Children of warfor peace”. Even though the question remains open either the war experienceconstitutes a generation or the experiences are too different, the sample isobviously far from being representative for this generation not even for childrenof war. Nevertheless the sample conveys instructive thoughts that willbe argued on three levels: first, the level of remembered experiences whichwill be illustrated by typical examples; second, the level of self-interpretationfollowing the interviewee’s analysis of how the war experience influenced theirlife and moreover potentially the life of their children and grandchildren; andthird, the level of remembrance culture and politics asking for the influenceon individual memory and self-construction. The question behind is either thewar experience can be evaluated as a generation experience or the other wayround the vivid public discussion on children of war offers a category to reshapeand review individual memory.VON PLATO, AlexanderOpposition Members between Personal Experienceand “History-Politics“Which were the ways into opposition in the German Democratic Republic?What were the aims the members of the different groups and circles did follow?Which were the main instruments of the State Security Police (“Stasi”)against them? How did they resist? Which role did the “other part” of Germanyin the heads of these persons play? How did they live after reunification? Andare there contradictions between the policy of the German government, media,schoolbooks and the personal remembrance of the former enemies of theEast German system?These and others were the questions of a big international project at the Universityof Bremen, especially of the project part which dealt with biographiesand memories of opposition members in Poland, Czechoslovakia and Germany.In my lecture I will present some of the main results of this project concerningGermany with some comparisons to Czechoslovakia and Poland.MICHAL, LoučThe Czechoslovak political trials in the 1950s. Thesecond generational trauma in the story of the politicalprisoner’s sonThis article contributes to the historiography of the socialist dictatorship inCzechoslovakia between the years 1948–1989. The rebuilding of the society inthe Soviet way produced about 250.000 political prisoners. Most of them werejailed in the years 1948–1960, when the oppression took the highest rates. Thebiggest political trial in that time was with a female politician Milada Horákováand twelve other resistance group members followed by 627 people in thetenth of smaller local trials carried out around the country. While the main trialwas carried publicly by using all the state’s propaganda, the local trials remainalmost forgotten and out of the current public interest.Antonín Městecký was a child when his father was imprisoned for 11 years inthe local show trial in Hradec Králové. His imprisonment was his strongestchildhood experience and when his father came back to home he met himas an adult and kept silent about the past. They never discussed what reallyhappened in the time of his father’s imprisonment and that caused a severaltrauma to him. How can be remembered the turning point in someone’s life ifwe have only limited information about it?Using oral history methods, this paper explores how Mr. Městecký tries to dealwith this gap in his family’s history by broadening his childhood remembranceswith the information told to him by father’s resistance group members orfound in the books and archives. In the methodology I will also reflect in themethodology that even sharing his story with me was a part in the bridging thegap. His narrative contains rich accounts of life and survival as well as interestingmoments and silences, revealing the complexities of narratives of traumaaffected the descendants of the former political prisoners.BATISTA, EvaContemporary Narratives of Second World War inSloveniaSlovenia’s transformation from a socialist to democratic political order in 1991created the necessity for new means of articulating Slovene national memoryand identity. Since then, struggles over interpretations of the events of theSecond World War on Slovene territory have come to the fore. Demands weremade to come to terms with the war once and for all. However, they resultedin politico-ideological struggles over selective constructions of the war pastas well as of the socialist past in general. These struggles were furthermorefuelled by the actuary logic of (re)counting the numbers of war victims, by thediscoveries of mass graves of victims of the post-war killings during the 1990sand continue to evolve in the media, political and academic spheres, as wellas everyday life.The focus of this paper is on personal war narratives as opposed to the Slovenewar narrative, in order to portray the diversity and complexity of individual warexperiences and to give place to individual sensory memories and histories.The ethnography of eight narratives, which I collected during my fieldwork inSlovenia in 2011, is related to exploring the relationship between war violence,identity and narrative. The interviewed individuals are former Partisans, activistsof the resistance movement called the Liberation Front, or internees whowere deported to concentration camps because of their role in the resistancemovement. Within the collected narratives, “residues of meaningful experience”are located, which do not fit in the Slovene war narrative and are, as such,especially important, because they defy juridical, therapeutic or other formsof rationalisation. I deal with the personal war narratives as a form of “socialarticulation”, which intervene in the present social context and are thus notmere representations of the past. Strategies of adaptation, survivals and resistanceare located within the narratives and their role as sites of individuals’reclaiming and remaking of their sense of place and identity in a war-affectedworld is explored.——————————————————————————————————————————————Espacio Virrey Liniers——————————————————————————————————————————————MESA PANEL 11Orígenes de la democracia participativa enVenezuelaA cargo de: Margarita López Maya——————————————————————————————————————————————13.15 a 14.45 - Almuerzo——————————————————————————————————————————————14.45 a 16.45 horasCentro Cultural General San Martín——————————————————————————————————————————————Subtema / Subteme 12Migraciones, memorias del exilio, diásporas, y lahuella de las fronteras en la memoria / Migration,Exhile, Disaporas, and Borderlands.Sala C - Mesa / Session 52Coordinan / Chair: Mónica Gatica y Silvina Jensen——————————————————————————————————————————————DUARTE, Geni RosaMúsicos en la Triple Frontera: migraciones y desplazamientosEsta comunicación se refiere a un proyecto de investigación destinado a analizarrelatos de músicos que han trabajado o trabajan en la región delimitadapor la Triple Frontera, región fronteriza de Foz de Iguazú, entre Brasil, Argentinay Paraguay. El objetivo del proyecto es discutir las distintas formas de107