Los retos de la historia oral en el siglo XXI: diversidades ...

vivieron una disyuntiva en los años cincuenta del siglo pasado, cuando tuvieronque decidir entre darle a ella y a sus hermanos una educación tradicional(como campesinos) o enviarlos a la escuela primaria e intentar que recibieranuna educación formal con carreras profesionales. Esto provocó cambios profundosen la transmisión del patrimonio cultural, alterando el empleo de lalengua indígena, el vestido y la ocupación.In the Maya indigenous communities in Mexican State of Campeche, the familyhas been a space of transmission of cultural expressions that are part of thecultural patrimony of this ethnic group. Within the range of expressions of theculture that this institution can select to be transmitted in time and space, importantchanges have occurred in the last century. The paper delves into theabove to discuss an interview with a woman, daughter of the Maya peasants,of the community of Calkiní. The story shows how the institutional educationwas gaining space on the family, as the dominant institution in the transmissionof knowledge and values. Apparently the parents of this woman lived adilemma in the fifties of the last century, when they had to decide between giveher and her brother a traditional education (such as peasant) or send them tothe elementary school and attempt to receive a formal education. This led toprofound changes of the cultural patrimony, by altering the use of indigenouslanguage, clothing and occupation.FLOOR QUADRADO, BeatrizGuaraní Club: memorias de una parte de la resistenciaEste trabajo es una presentación de una investigación que se centra en la reconstrucciónde la historia de un colegio de negro en el municipio de ArroioGrande, el “Club Guaraní”, más específicamente sobre los motivos que llevarona su prohibición. La perspectiva es discutir la relación entre la discriminacióny la lucha por la libertad, a través de recuerdos de búsqueda por las aguassubterráneas, se utiliza el método de Historia Oral.This paper is a presentation of research that focuses on the reconstruction ofthe story of a black college in the town of Arroio Grande, the “Club Guaraní”,more specifically on the reasons that led to its prohibition. The perspective isto discuss the relationship between discrimination and the fight for freedom,through memories of searching for groundwater using the method of oral history.SANTIAGO GUERRERO, Leticia Bibiana y BAXIN MELGOZA, ConcepciónLa población de Cadacamán entorno a la ex-misiónde Santa Gertrudis la Magna: economía, cocina tradicionaly festividad, Ensenada, Baja California, segundamitad del Siglo XXEn la población originaria de Cadacamán, situada en la antigua jurisdicción dela misión de Santa Gertrudis la Magna, ubicada en el sur del municipio Ensenada,Baja California, México, se celebra la festividad de Santa Gertrudis, la másantigua del estado. Esta celebración reúne a los nativos que viven dispersosen rancherías, en el área rural. La fiesta dura 3 días seguidos y se lleva a caboa mediados del mes de noviembre de cada año. Este trabajo recoge la investigaciónrealizada en la ceremonia, como sabemos en la fiesta se entretejen lasinstituciones económicas, religiosas, sociales y culturales que guían al grupoétnico.En el nivel metodológico se trabajó con Historia oral, tradición oral, análisis dela imagen, (registro de fotografía y video) y observación participante. En dichotrabajo de campo se recopilaron actividades, prácticas sociales y representacionesde los nativos en torno a la oferta de sus productos en la festividad asícomo a sus recetas tradicionales y demás referentes regionales de su celebracióndevota.SALAZAR PEÑALOZA, Alejandro E.La oralidad en los Pueblos Originarios: reconocimientoy práctica en la educaciónLa llegada de los exploradores europeos a América, a fines del siglo XV, dioinicio a un nuevo y dramático proceso histórico, tanto para los primeros habitantesdel continente americano como para los recién llegados.El presente trabajo pretende dilucidar la presencia de los Pueblos Originariosen la historiografía argentina y la representación social e histórica que de ellosconstruyeron diferentes historiadores de nuestro país. De esta manera creemosestar contribuyendo a la redacción de una nueva historia, con las voces deactores olvidados, de forma intencional y violenta, y así generar una historiadonde todos estemos incluidos, donde todos seamos conocedores de nuestropasado, constructores del presente y soñadores de un futuro mejor, tomandoasí a la educación como eje central del proceso.The arrival of European explorers to America in the late fifteenth century, begana dramatic new historical process, both for the first inhabitants of theAmericas and for the newcomers.This wok intends elucidate the presence of Indigenous Peoples in Argentinahistoriography and social and historical representation of them built differenthistorians of our country. In this way we believe we are contributing to the draftingof a new history, with the voices of forgotten actors, with intent and violent,and generate a history where all of us including where we are all familiarwith our past, present and dreamers builders for a better future, aking well toeducation as the central axis of the process.Hoppe, SigridDevoción a San Cristóbal en la Colonia Juliano MoreiraIn this paper we are trying to understand the singularity of the manifestationsof devotion to St. Christopher in the hospital Colony Juliano Moreira (CJM);manifestations that make sure that this tradition continues to be conveyed formore than 50 years, while the other catholic devotional manifestations consideredto be important in the recent past of this place have become modest orobsolete. Founded in 1924, on a plantation disappropriated by the Brazilian FederalGovernment, the hospital Colony Juliano Moreira was macro-hospital forchronic mental illnesses. The day-to-day living together between the patientsand the families was one of the guidelines of the hospital treatment and theColony turned into a place with a lot of different services such as: commerce, aschool, a cinema, a club. In the decades of 1970 and 1980, the CJM underwenta process of progressive decay, in which the number of patients and professionalswas reduced and the installations, the services and trade became verypoor and deficient. With the anti-mental hospital movement, the national forum,made up of various entities, such as NGOs and Councils of the mentallyill relatives, a lot of hospitalized patients went back to live with their familieswhile others went to therapeutic residences and few were left in the halls ofthe hospital. Over the last couple of years, this place has been attracting newresidents. Besides the fact that so many changes occurred in the activities ofthe hospital complex and the day-to-day life of the residents of these premises,the drivers and mechanics of the hospital still continue relevant maintainingthe tradition in a tribute of its patron Saint every July 25th.——————————————————————————————————————————————13.15 a 14.45 - Almuerzo——————————————————————————————————————————————In the original population of Cadacamán, located in the former jurisdiction ofthe mission of St. Gertrude the Great, located in the south of the town Ensenada,Baja California, Mexico, the feast of St. Gertrude, the oldest in the state, isheld. This celebration brings together the natives who live scattered in villagesin rural areas. The festival lasts for 3 consecutive days and is held in mid Novembereach year. This work includes research into the ceremony; as we know,the celebration interweaves the economic, religious, social and cultural factorsthat guide these ethnic groups.At the methodological level, we worked with oral history, oral tradition,image analysis, (photo and video registry) and participant observation. Asfield work, social practices, activities and representations of the natives regardingthe products offered at the festival, as well as their traditional recipesand other regional references involving their devoted celebration werecollected.36