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productivity. The implication for small economies like Jamaica is that they will have toupgrade the capacity of their local institutions in order to improve their diamond ofnational competitiveness. Institutions are important as a related industry in the diamondof national competitiveness. There is no doubt that institutional void will contributesignificantly to market failures which are inimical to a country’s quest for improvedinternational competitiveness.Concluding RemarksThe deterioration in Jamaica’s level of international competitiveness results from anumber of factors including, but not limited to; an unstable macro-economicenvironment, weak institutions, a low level of trust for public officials, poor factorconditions including infrastructure and inadequate critical human resources, among otherthings. The data revealed that Singapore is able to remain in the top 10 most competitivecountries in the world and, the most competitive small, open economy precisely becauseit possesses the correct mix of these factors. Possessing the correct mix ofcompetitiveness drivers will help a country to upgrade the various elements of itsdiamond of national competitiveness as presented in the DDD model and thereforeimproves its international competitiveness. Small economies like Jamaica that have seena decline in their competitiveness position in recent time, should adopt and adapt thelessons from the Singaporean experience in order to help them to upgrade their diamondof national competitiveness.27
ReferencesArmstrong, H.W. & Read, R. (1998). “Trade and Growth in Small States: The Impact ofGlobal Trade Liberalisation’, The World Economy”, vol. 21, no.4, pp 563-585.Cho, D.S. (1994). “A Dynamic Approach to International Competitiveness: The Case ofKorea’, In Asia Pacific Business Review’’, vol.1,no. 1, pp 1743-792X.Cho, D.A & Moon, H.C. (2006) A comprehensive methodology to enhance nationalcompetitiveness: An Introduction to MASI methodology. Institute for IndustrialPolicy StrategiesDunning, J.H. (2003). “The Role of Foreign Direct Investment in Upgrading China’sCompetitiveness’, Journal of International Business And Economy”, vol. 4, no.1, pp 1 – 13.International Trade Centre (ITC), (2004). http://www.intracen.org/ accessed June 25 th ,2009IPS, (2008). A Comprehensive Framework for Enhancing National Competitiveness. InIPS National Competitiveness Research 2008- 2009, pp. 43 – 62.Krugman, P. (1994). “Competitiveness: A Dangerous Obsession’, Foreign Affairs”, vol.73, no. 2 (Mar. - Apr., 1994), pp. 28-44.Moon, H.C., Rugman, A.M., & Verbeke, A. (1998). “A Generalized Double DiamondApproach to the Global Competitiveness of Korea and Singapore’, InternationalBusiness Review’’, vol. 7, no.2, pp. 135 – 150.Ozawa, T. (1992), “Cross-Investment Between Japan and The EC: Income Similarity,Product Variation, and Economies of Scope”, in Cantwell, J. (ed.) MultinationalInvestment in Modern Europe: Strategic Integration in the IntegratedCommunity. Aldershot: Edward Elgar-Publishing.Porter, M.E. (1990). “The Competitive Advantage of Nations’, Harvard BusinessReview (March-April). Free Press, New YorkRugman, A.M & D’Cruz, J.R. (1993). “Developing International Competitiveness: TheFive Partners Model’, Business Quarterly, vol. 58, pp. 60 – 72.Wint, A.G. (2003), Competitiveness in Small Developing Economies: Insights from theCaribbean, The University of the West Indies Press, Kingston.Zairi, M. (1996), Effective Benchmarking: Learning from the Best, Chapman & Hall,London28
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A DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS OF CHANGES I
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ABSTRACTThe Financial Accounting St
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Restricted stock grants provide man
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December 15, 2002, i.e. for compani
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Semerdzhian (2004) found that certa
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Sample selection for Empirical test
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y changing the selection method to
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TABLE 2Number of Equity Compensatio
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TABLE 4 (A) Changes to the Equity C
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awarding stock options to employees
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REFERENCESBarron, John M. and Glen
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Análisis Comprensivo de la Inciden
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pagar el impuesto anualmente, sólo
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Ingresos por bebidas alcohólicas 1
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primarias y secundarias de informac
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y una variable continua que denota
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-0.015334 0.154764 -0.099081-0.0049
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considera , continuando con y final
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existen factores con significación
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disminuye en 26.9% si el bien inmue
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REFERENCIAS BIBLIOGRÁFICASAaron, H
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7TH Quest Conference for Global Com
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Las crisis económicas se presentan
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ancos aportaban al sistema (Marcus
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Objetivos de InvestigaciónEl riesg
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MetodologíaPara llevar a cabo las
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Análisis de DatosLa variable depen
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determinar si el riesgo del banco e
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Tabla 5. Medidas estadísticas de r
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La reducción gradual de la proporc
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ResultadosDespués de aplicar las r
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Modelo 1: MCO, usando las observaci
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y VEVI son variables en donde los c
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ConclusionesLos ratios financieros
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Kane, E.J., 1995. “Three Paradigm
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• ABSTRACTReducing emissions of g
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Obtención por la empresadesde la m
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señala que es necesario revisar y
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La secuencia de una inversión en D
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de información públicaElaboració
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EntidadOperacionalDesignadaAnálisi
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d) La necesidad o no de acudir a un
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Una vez calculadas las unidades de
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c) Agilizan la coordinación y comu
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El estudio de la viabilidad legal d
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y análisis de sensibilidad elabora
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casos, los análisis convencionales
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VII. CONCLUSIONESLos proyectos de d
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Coase, R. H. (1960): The Problem of
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IMPACT OF US HACCP REGULATION ON EX
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TABLE OF CONTENTSABSTRACT .........
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1. INTRODUCTIONThere has been a not
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The potential positive impact remai
Page 112 and 113: where because of their content and
Page 114 and 115: Figure 1 Effect of Standards on wil
Page 116 and 117: Where; F ij is the attractive force
Page 118 and 119: That is, I is a cumulative comparis
Page 120 and 121: of food businesses and transportati
Page 122 and 123: 2.3 Microbiological CriteriaUS stan
Page 124 and 125: magnitude and direction of the impa
Page 126 and 127: Fish Consumption2001). There may al
Page 128 and 129: have had a negative impact on expor
Page 130 and 131: Hufbauer, G, Kotschwar, B, & Wilson
Page 132 and 133: 8. APPENDICESAppendix 1- US and EU
Page 134 and 135: Muscle meat of swordfish 0.1Crustac
Page 136 and 137: Benchmarking for International Comp
Page 138 and 139: IntroductionThere is little doubt t
Page 140 and 141: and, the strategy, structure and ri
Page 142 and 143: Source: Cho, D-A & Moon, H-C (2006)
Page 144 and 145: For competitiveness analysis, the I
Page 146 and 147: anking were drawn exclusively from
Page 148 and 149: Land area measured in 000’ hectar
Page 150 and 151: the GDP, increase the export of loc
Page 152 and 153: Local supplier quantity- Survey Dat
Page 154 and 155: counterparts. The quality of manage
Page 156 and 157: Productivity -Manufacturing: % of G
Page 158 and 159: HDI- ScoreSource: UNDP Human Develo
Page 160 and 161: Jamaica, unfortunately have had a l
Page 164 and 165: Factores que Influyen en el Consumi
Page 166 and 167: IntroducciónEn los últimos veinte
Page 168 and 169: Aunque el impacto positivo de las i
Page 170 and 171: En la literatura actual relacionada
Page 172 and 173: ofrece un vivo ejemplo de arraigo a
Page 174 and 175: Sin embargo, ni en la clasificació
Page 176 and 177: Análisis de DatosLos resultados de
Page 178 and 179: En relación a los patrones de cons
Page 180 and 181: justa a los artistas. Además, poco
Page 182 and 183: Así, se refuerza que la edad es un
Page 184 and 185: precio razonable para un disco comp
Page 186 and 187: ConclusionesLos objetivos de este a
Page 188 and 189: Matos, N. 2007. La conducta de comp
Page 190 and 191: ESTUDIO CUBA PRSOBRE LOS AUTORESFÉ
Page 192 and 193: ESTUDIO CUBA PRINTRODUCCIONImportan
Page 194 and 195: ESTUDIO CUBA PREl 72.3% de la pobla
Page 196 and 197: ESTUDIO CUBA PREl puerto más impor
Page 198 and 199: ESTUDIO CUBA PRTabla 3. Principales
Page 200 and 201: ESTUDIO CUBA PRplantas generadores
Page 202 and 203: ESTUDIO CUBA PRLa continua desvalor
Page 204 and 205: ESTUDIO CUBA PROPORTUNIDADES SECTOR
Page 206 and 207: ESTUDIO CUBA PR5. Banco Financiero
Page 208 and 209: ESTUDIO CUBA PR2. Banca hipotecaria
Page 210 and 211: ESTUDIO CUBA PRLas aplicaciones de
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRtres pisos necesitan
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRIndustria de Aliment
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRcongeladaCamarón en
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRDextrana ND 450,000
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRLa industria se cara
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRLa industria de conf
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRcubanos dominan otro
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ESTUDIO CUBA PR5. Colaboración en
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRreportando 2.3 millo
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ESTUDIO CUBA PR3. Posee 4,347 milla
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRprohibido para ellos
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRTabla 13. Región Or
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ESTUDIO CUBA PREl Oriente cubano pu
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ESTUDIO CUBA PR5. En concreto y bas
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ESTUDIO CUBA PRMinisterio de la Ind
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2PERFIL DEL EGRESADO DE LOS PROGRAM
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4competencias que fundamenten los c
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6Este proyecto, meritorio en muchas
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8profesional sino, más generalment
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10METODOLOGIAInstrumentoEste estudi
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12Factor PrincipalPoco más de la t
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14Este factor resalta la orientaci
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16Las premisas secundarias reflejan
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18problemas concretos y en menor me
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20del total de premisas presentadas
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22Pareceria que de alguna manera vi
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24Conocimiento Concreto, Integridad
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26DISCUSION DE RESULTADOSLos result
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28mención aparte. Las premisas rel
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30de lo que otros estudios habían
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Porter, L. W. & McKibbin, L. E., (1
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AbstractIn any enterprise, it is de
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efore his people could do their bes
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George called Frank into his office
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well liked and respected throughout
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George was devastated, as anyone wo
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since the time she herself had firs
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they would be ready to accept the n
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The others, unfortunately, were not
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adjusting the machine, which skewed
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The workers were handpicked and hig
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To make this run chart into a contr
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In this case, there is a data point
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It should be obvious by now that se
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In real life systems, do we sometim
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The governance of our businesses, s
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Competitive priorities of high and
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Deshmukh, 2001, pp. 884) that manuf
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within the production process helps
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Figure 2: Descriptive statistics of
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Table 2: Division of the sample acc
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Figure 4: Rise and fall in producti
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same is true for middle performers
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Figure 9: The difference in usage o
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performance measures, then one shou
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Flynn, B.B., Flynn, E.J. (2004),
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El Efecto del País de Origen en la
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IntroducciónEl desarrollo de estra
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estructuras que son desarrollados p
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H1: El efecto del país de origen e
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un vinculo patriótico hacia una na
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no patrióticos, los productos extr
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actitudes hacia la guerra. Mientras
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por Internet. La muestra final fue
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los menos etnocentristas, patriotas
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para Puerto Rico (.573), España (.
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(2003) quienes señalan que el impa
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de Mooij, M. (2004) Consumer Behavi
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Marin, C.E. & Miquel, S. (1997). Ev
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Tabla 1Promedio en los niveles de E
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Tabla 4Análisis de Correlación de
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Education as strategy for global co
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IntroductionStudies conducted over
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entrepreneurship as any attempt to
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expectation entrepreneurial activit
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ased on their personal experiences
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collection, a decision was made to
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those relevant concepts and to be m
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Table 1: Examples of Opportunities
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and entrepreneurial issues as a key
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the entrepreneurial functions tend
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ReferencesAcs, Z. B. (2009). The Kn
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Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Cons
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UNIVERSIDAD DE PUERTO RICORECINTO D
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1. INTRODUCCIÓNLa estandarización
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imponen a las dos partes obligacion
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Para ilustrar las razones de sus du
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A la vista de esta situación y tra
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egistros que genera son comparables
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Por ejemplo, los aseguradores de ri
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La evaluación del impacto ambienta
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A la vista de los datos anteriores,
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Por otra parte del total de proyect
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características de la flora y la f
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Así por ejemplo, según se refleja
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proyectos suponen una disminución
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Direción General de Protección Ci
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Unión Europea 2000 a, Data for sho
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La Competitividad Internacional de
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vertiginosamente. De ahí la pertin
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más económicos va a ser convenien
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Del 1987 al 2002 los datos de expor
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Fuente: Porter, Michael E. (1990) L
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1987 - 2005Fuente: Cómputos de la
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productividad, lo cual requeriría
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Tabla 2: Industrias Competitivas en
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VIII.AnálisisPuerto Rico ha tenido
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En el 1987 existían diversos incen
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Puerto Rico, además, cuenta con ec
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En sectores industriales relacionad
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de esta industria ha sido su perita
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Un socio importante de las industri
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IX.ConclusionesPuerto Rico cada dí
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Consejo de Educación Superior. (ma
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Vega-Rosado, L. L. (2005). “La Co
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Are Domestic and International Food
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usiness f ormat f ranch is in g 3 ,
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T he l iterature review i n cluded
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H 2B: O lder f ranch iso r s ’ (
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f inancial perf ormance repre senta
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d is cussin g choice of Law/Venue.
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poorly in any of our 14 points pre
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s cheme had a total of 1 4 quest io
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V a r i a b l eO p t i o n sN a t i
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O ve ra ll, we a re of the opin ion
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H y p o t h e s i s C h i - S q u a
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ConclusionsA cco rd in g to the r e
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F edera l T ra de C ommission. 2009
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Cultural Impact on Management Style
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Page 474 and 475:
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Page 482 and 483:
Page 484 and 485:
Page 486 and 487:
Page 488 and 489:
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Page 492 and 493:
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IntroductionCaribbean governments a
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other Caribbean authors, commentato
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while at the same time, enabling th
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invited to reject the EPAs and cont
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CEO of Barbados Private Sector Trad
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Fourth, after obtaining the respons
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process. In that connection, CARICO
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of CARICOM, except Guyana, opted to
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[7] Caribbean Regional Negotiating
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IntroducciónLos negocios internaci
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categorías específicas de ropa y
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miles de millones, sobrepasando las
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Comportamiento de las Exportaciones
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En esta misma tabla se puede notar
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Los países de Centroamérica: Hond
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mexicana de capitalizar éxitos e i
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Las cantidades de países más impo
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Los subcapítulos del cuadro anteri
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Por estas cifras y su alta particip
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de entre los 20 países exportadore
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Blázquez-Lidoy, Jorge, Javier Rodr
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United States International Trade C
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Tabla # 4:RELACIÓN DEL 70% DE SUB
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Keywords: stimulus, incentives, tra
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This study presents the first known
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education groups and is deeper for
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Many factors have contributed to th
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Organizational ecology theory deals
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showed no effect overall. Overall,
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difficulties arose while gathering
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Related to the prerequisite of taki
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attempt is done to measure in real
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ConclusionSection 5. Conclusion and
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Workforce Investment Act (WIA), als
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Birch, D. (1981) “Who Creates Job
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Sharma Ravi Teja, (2010), Happy New
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i) Own _____________ii) Provided un
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EL NEGOCIO DE INTERCAMBIO (BARTER)E
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Quest conference, UPR 3N uestra, a
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Quest conference, UPR 5pája ro s r
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Quest conference, UPR 7D esd e u n
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Quest conference, UPR 9de un m i ll
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Quest conference, UPR 11T abla 2: p
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Quest conference, UPR 13C on la com
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Quest conference, UPR 15ve z sea m
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Quest conference, UPR 17R e fere nc
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La Espiritualidad En El Lugar De Tr
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(Mitroff, 2003). Las personas no s
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individual será orientado hacia un
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las razones adecuadas, aunque esto
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piensa cooperativamente y/o altruis
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información sobre el tipo de organ
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ResultadosA continuación se presen
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Tabla 3 Definición de Espiritualid
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La religión es una expresión de l
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espeto, confidencialidad, compañer
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comunión espiritual con Dios, Papa
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mañanas oramos juntos. Una media h
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Cuando se les preguntó si conocía
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Las opiniones en cuanto a la tolera
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De acuerdo a Mitroff y Denton (1999
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BibliografíaAnonymous. 2001. “HR
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Ortiz González, L. Mayo 2002. “L
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2EL RAZONAMIENTO BIOETICO Y LA ORIE
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4acumulada al momento es contradict
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6de sus artículos. Desde entonces,
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8Todos los principios generales tie
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10grupos de interés de que las emp
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12obligaciones hacia diversos grupo
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14preguntas III a la VI se determin
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16indicativo de que los participant
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18El cuarto factor está compuesto
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20dimensiones económicas, aunque i
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22desacuerdo sugiriendo que los par
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24Tabla 8 - Correlaciones y Coefici
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26Las características más importa
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28le otorgan más importancia a la
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30Tabla 11 - Diferencias debido al
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32prioritariamente al cumplimiento
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34responsables por su sensibilidad
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O'Neill, H. M., C. B. Saunders and
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AbstractCorporate Social Responsibi
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Most of the literature mentions som
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profits. It has become an open syst
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Regarding private sector, independe
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Mexico where evidence was found of
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BrazilThe Latin American giant occu
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Motivations for CSR in BrazilThe Et
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are maintained in Latin America, wh
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among key stakeholders. Firms in se
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ReferencesAaronson, Susan A. & Reev
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Destrezas de Importancia en el Mane
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Porter (1985) describe a la ventaja
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puede concluir, que el sector de la
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H 3oH 4oNo existen diferencias en l
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4- Estilo de comunicación.5- Estab
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Destrezas técnicasDeterminar los o
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Destrezas organizacionales 3.94Esta
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Comparación de destrezasDestrezaMe
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3, se presenta una comparación ent
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Mediana de destrezasDestreza0-4 añ
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Estilo de comunicaciónEstablecimie
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Mediana de destrezasSinDestrezaCon
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Gerencia estratégicaLiderazgo del
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su empresa. Sin embargo, en el caso
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Lastrina, C. (2004). Strategic proj
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2AbstractThe objective of this pape
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42008). All three dimensions - envi
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6Sustainability reporting under pri
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8which social responsibility improv
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10Empirical Data Sources and Data S
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12Besides AGP, there are 15 additio
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14total debt to equity (TDE) - or l
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16The evidence generally suggests t
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18McPeak, C & Tooley, N 2008, „Do
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20Table 2Effect of Adherence to Glo
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Page 734 and 735:
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28Appendix BFigure 1. Residuals for
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Information Content of Pension Plan
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A severely underfunded pension plan
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The studies mentioned above find co
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proxies seem to have helped explain
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contributions, less benefits paid.
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eturns on different factors, includ
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19801982198419861988199019921994199
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the first portfolio have on average
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Table 3Descriptive StatisticsLong-T
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Table 4Time-Series Regressions Resu
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Table 6Time-Series Regressions Resu
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Table 8Three Factor ModelLong-Term
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most levered firms in portfolio for
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Table 11LTDR Portfolios Characteris
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The results suggest that investors
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Leland , H. E., and Pyle, D. H., (1
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AN ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PARADOX:THE
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INTRODUCTIONThis paper analyzes how
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of local agents and explore their r
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networks of agents interacting in s
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Knowledge ecology, and its related
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entities, academic institutions, ve
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Data AnalysisWe collected and analy
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2. Social networks in the biotechno
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Northeast Ohio region.A top officia
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FIGURE 2:Finding 1.3: Networks amon
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FIGURE 3:Finding 2: Social Networks
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FIGURE 4:Finding 2.1: Financial Sup
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Finding 3.2 - Embedded knowledge pr
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development strategy of attracting
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examples of complex exchanges and c
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FIGURE 7:Revised Conceptual ModelRe
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compromised by the effects of time
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Braunerhjelm, P., & Feldman, M. 200
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Huggins, R. 2008. Regional Competit
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Schumpeter, J. 1939. Business cycle
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ABSTRACTThis paper employs gravity
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LIST OF APPENDICESAppendix 1- Resul
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Other factors influencing the incre
Page 816 and 817:
level of protection afforded by the
Page 818 and 819:
In addition to compliance costs, fi
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4. METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHThe gravi
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Ln Dist it/jt is the Natural log of
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5. EMPIRICAL ANALYSIS5.1 Summary of
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For the US model, the elasticity of
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Fish ConsumptionFish ConsumptionFis
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econometric studies and may be link
Page 832 and 833:
elasticity of demand for F&V is gre
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Bank 2005). However, they face a ga
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April 23, 2007http://muse.jhu.edu/j
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http://wwwsoc.nii.ac.jp/jsie/Annual
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Appendix 2- Results of Estimation F
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2. CODEX General Standard for Food
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Table of ContentsAbstract .........
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IntroductionWe can ask ourselves: W
Page 848 and 849:
Marketing thought has gone through
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companies to re-examine their marke
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Cultural EnvironmentCulture Defined
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Context is the background against w
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Even the though puertorrican art is
Page 858 and 859:
In 2003 The National Arts Marketing
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ConclusionThe marketing orientation
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ReferencesAlexander, R. S. 1962. Ma
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IMPACTO DE FACEBOOK Y OTRAS REDES D
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Impacto de Facebook y otras redes d
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II. ¿Qué son Sitios de Redes de C
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preguntamos, ¿puede un patrono leg
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(Enmienda a la Ley 100)ser victima
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contactos con el estado: otorgamien
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“If a social networking site is u
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abogados de ambos bandos posicionan
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humanos. 29 Estando involucrada una
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empleado en el portal cibernético,
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