rapport 2012:3 - Nasjonalt folkehelseinstitutt

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Schuz J, Steding-Jessen M, Hansen S, Stangerup SE, Caye- Thomasen P, Poulsen AH, Olsen JH, Johansen C (2011) Long-term mobile phone use and the risk of vestibular schwannoma: a Danish nationwide cohort study. Am J Epidemiol 174:416-422 Schwarz C, Kratochvil E, Pilger A, Kuster N, Adlkofer F, Rudiger HW (2008) Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (UMTS, 1,950 MHz) induce genotoxic effects in vitro in human fibroblasts but not in lymphocytes. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 81:755-767 Sekeroglu V, Akar A, Sekeroglu ZA (2012) Cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of high-frequency electromagnetic fields (GSM 1800MHz) on immature and mature rats. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Sekijima M, Takeda H, Yasunaga K, Sakuma N, Hirose H, Nojima T, Miyakoshi J (2010) 2-GHz band CW and W-CDMA modulated radiofrequency fields have no significant effect on cell proliferation and gene expression profile in human cells. J Radiat Res (Tokyo) 51:277-284 Sharpe M, Mayou R, Walker J (2006) Bodily symptoms: new approaches to classification. J Psychosom Res 60:353- 356 Siegrist M, Earle TC, Gutscher H, Keller C (2005) Perception of mobile phone and base station risks. Risk Anal 25:1253-1264 Sim MR, Richardson DB (2011) Interphone, IARC and radiofrequency fields: where to next? Occup Environ Med 68:629-630 Sirav B, Seyhan N (2009) Blood-brain barrier disruption by continuous-wave radio frequency radiation. Electromagn Biol Med 28:215-222 Sjöberg P, Hamnerius Y (1995) Study of provoked hypersensitivity reactions from a VDU. In: Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity. Proceedings of the 2nd Copenhagen Conference pp 101-110 Sjømoen T-M, Lervik H, Heimdal P, Klæboe L, Hannevik M (2011) Radiofrekvente felt i våre omgivelser. Målinger i frekvensområdet 80 MHz - 3 GHz. Oslo, Norway: Statens strålevern, Strålevernrapport 2011:6 Slovic P, Peters E, Finucane ML, Macgregor DG (2005) Affect, risk, and decision making. Health Psychol 24:S35-S40 Socialstyrelsen (1998) Socialstyrelsens allmänna råd om bemötande av patienter som relaterar sina besvär till amalgam och elektricitet. Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen, Ändringsförfattning SOSFS Soderqvist F, Carlberg M, Hardell L (2009) Mobile and cordless telephones, serum transthyretin and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier: a cross-sectional study. Environ Health 8:19 Solberg L, Tilset B (2010) Eloverfølsomhet i Norge. Rapport fra spørreundersøkelse 2007-2008. FELO 2010. Foreningen for el- overfølsomme (FELO).: Speit G, Schutz P, Hoffmann H (2007) Genotoxic effects of exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMF) in cultured mammalian cells are not independently reproducible. Mutat Res 626:42-47 Spichtig S, Scholkmann F, Chin L, Lehmann H, Wolf M (2011) Assessment of intermittent UMTS electromagnetic field effects on blood circulation in the human auditory region using a near-infrared system. Bioelectromagnetics Stam R (2011) Comparison of international policies on electromagnetic fields (power frequency and radiofrequency fields). National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, the Netherlands : Stang A, Anastassiou G, Ahrens W, Bromen K, Bornfeld N, Jockel KH (2001) The possible role of radiofrequency radiation in the development of uveal melanoma. Epidemiology 12:7-12 Stang A, Schmidt-Pokrzywniak A, Lash TL, Lommatzsch PK, Taubert G, Bornfeld N, Jockel KH (2009) Mobile phone use and risk of uveal melanoma: results of the risk factors for uveal melanoma case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 101:120-123 Steihaug S, Ahlsen B, Malterud K (2001) From exercise and education to movement and interaction. Treatment groups in primary care for women with chronic muscular pain. Scand J Prim Health Care 19:249-254 Steinbrecher N, Koerber S, Frieser D, Hiller W (2011) The prevalence of medically unexplained symptoms in primary care. Psychosomatics 52:263-271 Stenberg B, Eriksson N, Mild KH, Hoog J, Sandstrom M, Sundell J, Wall S (1995) Facial skin symptoms in visual display terminal (VDT) workers. A case-referent study of personal, psychosocial, building- and VDT-related risk indicators. Int J Epidemiol 24:796-803 Rapport 2012:3 • Folkehelseinstituttet 201
Stenberg B, Bergdahl J, Edvardsson B, Eriksson N, Linden G, Widman L (2002) Medical and social prognosis for patients with perceived hypersensitivity to electricity and skin symptoms related to the use of visual display terminals. Scand J Work Environ Health 28:349-357 Stenberg B, Meding B, Svensson A (2010) Dermatology in public health--a model for surveillance of common skin diseases. Scand J Public Health 38:368-374 Straume A, Oftedal G, Johnsson A (2005) Skin temperature increase caused by a mobile phone: a methodological infrared camera study. Bioelectromagnetics 26:510-519 Szemerszky R, Zelena D, Barna I, Bardos G (2010) Stressrelated endocrinological and psychopathological effects of short- and long-term 50Hz electromagnetic field exposure in rats. Brain Res Bull 81:92-99 Szmigielski S (1996) Cancer morbidity in subjects occupationally exposed to high frequency (radiofrequency and microwave) electromagnetic radiation. Sci Total Environ 180:9-17 Szmigielski S, Sobiczewska E, Kubacki R (2001) Carcinogenci potency of microwave radiation: overview of the problem and results of epidemiological studies on Polish military personnel. European Journal of Oncology Library 6:183-199 Takahashi S, Imai N, Nabae K, Wake K, Kawai H, Wang J, Watanabe S, Kawabe M, Fujiwara O, Ogawa K, Tamano S, Shirai T (2010) Lack of adverse effects of whole-body exposure to a mobile telecommunication electromagnetic field on the rat fetus. Radiat Res 173:362-372 Takebayashi T, Akiba S, Kikuchi Y, Taki M, Wake K, Watanabe S, Yamaguchi N (2006) Mobile phone use and acoustic neuroma risk in Japan. Occup Environ Med 63:802-807 Takebayashi T, Varsier N, Kikuchi Y, Wake K, Taki M, Watanabe S, Akiba S, Yamaguchi N (2008) Mobile phone use, exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic field, and brain tumour: a case-control study. Br J Cancer 98:652-659 Tamer A, Gunduz H, Ozyildirim S (2009) The cardiac effects of a mobile phone positioned closest to the heart. Anadolu Kardiyol Derg 9:380-384 te Velde E, Burdorf A, Nieschlag E, Eijkemans R, Kremer JA, Roeleveld N, Habbema D (2010) Is human fecundity declining in Western countries? Hum Reprod 25:1348- 1353 Thomas S, Heinrich S, von KR, Radon K (2010a) Exposure to radio-frequency electromagnetic fields and behavioural problems in Bavarian children and adolescents. Eur J Epidemiol 25:135-141 Thomas S, Benke G, Dimitriadis C, Inyang I, Sim MR, Wolfe R, Croft RJ, Abramson MJ (2010b) Use of mobile phones and changes in cognitive function in adolescents. Occup Environ Med 67:861-866 Thomas TL, Stolley PD, Stemhagen A, Fontham ET, Bleecker ML, Stewart PA, Hoover RN (1987) Brain tumor mortality risk among men with electrical and electronics jobs: a case-control study. J Natl Cancer Inst 79:233-238 Thomsen J, Tos M (1990) Acoustic neuroma: clinical aspects, audiovestibular assessment, diagnostic delay, and growth rate. Am J Otol 11:12-19 Tillmann T, Ernst H, Streckert J, Zhou Y, Taugner F, Hansen V, Dasenbrock C (2010) Indication of cocarcinogenic potential of chronic UMTS-modulated radiofrequency exposure in an ethylnitrosourea mouse model. Int J Radiat Biol 86:529-541 Tomruk A, Guler G, Dincel AS (2010a) The influence of 1800 MHz GSM-like signals on hepatic oxidative DNA and lipid damage in nonpregnant, pregnant, and newly born rabbits. Cell Biochem Biophys 56:39-47 Tomruk A, Guler G, Dincel AS (2010b) The influence of 1800 MHz GSM-like signals on hepatic oxidative DNA and lipid damage in nonpregnant, pregnant, and newly born rabbits. Cell Biochem Biophys 56:39-47 Tougas G (2000) The autonomic nervous system in functional bowel disorders. Gut 47 Suppl 4:iv78-iv80 Trosic I, Pavicic I (2009) Disturbance of cell proliferation in response to mobile phone frequency radiation. Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 60:109-115 Trottier L, Kofsky H (2010) Likely Fatal Flaw in New Havas Heart Rate Study. Tynes T, Hannevik M, Andersen A, Vistnes AI, Haldorsen T (1996) Incidence of breast cancer in Norwegian female radio and telegraph operators. Cancer Causes Control 7:197-204 Uddmar T (1999) RF Exposure from Wireless Communication. Chalmers Univ. of Technology, Dept of Electromagnetics 202 Rapport 2012:3 • Folkehelseinstituttet
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apport 2012:3 Svake høyfrekvente e
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Rapport 2012:3 Nasjonalt folkehelse
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Innhold Forord 3 Forkortelser og ak
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Innhold 3.2 utbredelse av radiobøl
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Innhold 4.9.2 Studier av mennesker
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8. opplevelse av risiko og bekymrin
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FORkORTeLSeR Og akROnymeR ADHD Atte
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Sammendrag Bruk av utstyr som sende
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Sammendrag Post- og teletilsynet (P
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Sammendrag I enkelte studier antyde
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Sammendrag Samlet sett er det lite
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Sammendrag 1.3.3 Samlet konklusjon
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Sammendrag Nivå 2: «Forsiktig unn
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Sammendrag praksis kan imidlertid v
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Sammendrag 1.9.3 Anbefalinger om in
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Summary English translation provide
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Summary direction, the antenna loca
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Summary Most recent studies have in
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Summary Behaviour and development i
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Summary problems can thus be due to
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Summary 1.6.1 Precautionary measure
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Summary communication, larger anten
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Summary these individuals experienc
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46 Rapport 2007:8 • Folkehelseins
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oppdatering av kunnskap siden da, o
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fram enkelte originalartikler som o
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Nærmere om de enkelte kapitlene i
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generelt om helserisikovurdering En
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øker. Magnetfeltets styrke kan ang
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100 kHz til 10 MHz må både induse
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Tabell 3.3: Middel- og medianverdie
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Konklusjonen fra alle målingene er
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Andre anvendelser, som babycall og
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målingene som Chalmers har gjennom
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Identifisering og karakterisering a
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Basisverdiene er fastsatt for at kr
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eller i cellekulturer. Resultater f
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sammenliknet med eksponeringen i ko
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• Forskningen skal være gjennomf
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tyde på at lave eksponeringsnivåe
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at mange statistiske sammenligninge
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le det funnet en signifikant økt r
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ikke blir fjernet - trykke på nær
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forfatterne rapporterer om økt ris
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latenstid i stedet for ett år i an
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nement”. Dette tilsvarer ”tid s
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svulster (Duan et al. 2011) er publ
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i fore komsten i andre områder av
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Vår ekspertgruppe kan ikke ta ende
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Det er vist klare teratogene effekt
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er mulig at pasienter som ble utred
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telefonintervju med mor da barna va
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slike symptomer. På grunnlag av de
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4.8 Hormonelle effekter 4.8.1 Oppsu
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Nyere studier Det er ikke gjennomf
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økt aktivering av cellene hos hver
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tiden etter dette, men endringene v
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Nyere studier I tillegg til studien
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Sammenligningen mellom mobiltelefon
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mobiltelefon. Denne effekten var de
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I sin prospektive kohortstudie fra
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og stress-responsgener som HSP (hea
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er forskjellig hos de to gruppene,
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trasjonsvansker blant el-overfølso
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Det finnes terskelverdier for termi
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• Det finnes 4 nye studier der ek
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• Basert på dyreforsøk er det i
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ved anvendelser innen medisinsk beh
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136 Rapport 2012:3 • Folkehelsein
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Del II behandler medisinske aspekte
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tilfeller av pasienter med slike pl
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slik ubalanse kan ha sammenheng med
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hengen er begrepet kultursykdommer
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iverksatte blant annet en lang rekk
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espekt, og en må søke å opprette
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Page 153 and 154: 7.1 Risikoanalysen Generelt om risi
Page 155 and 156: Veiledning Veiledninger forklarer h
Page 157 and 158: uopprettelig skade, skal ikke mange
Page 159 and 160: 8.1.1 Oppsummering En rekke faktore
Page 161 and 162: 8.3.3 Risikokommunikasjon i forhold
Page 165 and 166: 9.1 Innledning Internasjonal forval
Page 167 and 168: ICNIRPs kommisjon 40 består av 14
Page 169 and 170: Tabell 9.1. EMF - Forvaltningspraks
Page 171 and 172: Nord- Amerika Kroatia Ungarn Bulgar
Page 173 and 174: Mange offentlige etater er involver
Page 175 and 176: Aktuelle lover og forskrifter • L
Page 179 and 180: Anbefalinger om forvaltning Vurderi
Page 181 and 182: Det er ut fra kunnskapsgrunnlaget i
Page 183 and 184: 11.3 Bekymringen for helseskadelige
Page 185 and 186: • Deler av opinionen, organisasjo
Page 187 and 188: RefeRanseR Abba K, Clarke S, Cousin
Page 189 and 190: Budak GG, Muluk NB, Ozturk GG, Buda
Page 191 and 192: Divan HA, Kheifets L, Olsen J (2011
Page 193 and 194: Hardell L, Hallquist A, Mild KH, Ca
Page 195 and 196: Järvholm B, Herloff B (1996) Kommu
Page 197 and 198: Lerchl A, Wilhelm AF (2010) Critica
Page 199 and 200: Nilsen A (1982) Facial rash in visu
Page 201: Salama N, Kishimoto T, Kanayama HO,
Page 205 and 206: WHO (2004) International Workshop o
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