(0 )2 1436587@9BAC9EDGF4HI 7P5QHRFTSVU0DXW6F4H
(0 )2 1436587@9BAC9EDGF4HI 7P5QHRFTSVU0DXW6F4H
(0 )2 1436587@9BAC9EDGF4HI 7P5QHRFTSVU0DXW6F4H
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1 ⊙ (x1, x2) = (0, x1) = (x1, x2)<br />
2<br />
(IR ,<br />
¡ ¢ <br />
⊕)<br />
¢ <br />
⊕ ©<br />
<br />
(x1, x2) (y1, y2) ∈ IR 2 <br />
(x1, x2) ⊕ (y1, y2) = (x1, x2 − y2)<br />
(y1, y2) ⊕ (x1, x2) = (y1, y2 − x2)<br />
¢ ⊕ ¢ ¡ IR 2 , ⊕, ⊙ ¢ ¡ <br />
<br />
©<br />
⊕<br />
(x1, x2) (x1, x2) (z1, z2) ∈ IR 2 <br />
(x1, x2) ⊕ ((y1, y2) ⊕ (z1, z2)) = (x1, x2) ⊕ (y1, y2 − z2)<br />
= (x1, x2 − (y2 − z2)) = (x1, x2 − y2 + z2)<br />
<br />
((x1, x2) ⊕ (y1, y2)) ⊕ (z1, z2) = (x1, x2 − y2) ⊕ (z1, z2)<br />
= (x1, (x2 − y2) − z2) = (x1, x2 − y2 − z2)<br />
¢ ⊕ ¢¢¡ IR 2<br />
(x1, x2) ∈ IR 2 <br />
(x1, x2) ⊕ (e1, e2) = (e1, e2) ⊕ (x1, x2) = (x1, x2)<br />
⊕ ©<br />
(e1, e2) ∈ IR 2 <br />
¡ (x1, x2) ∈ IR 2<br />
<br />
(x1, x2 − e2) = (x1, x2)<br />
(e1, e2 − x2) = (x1, x2) ⇐⇒<br />
<br />
e2 = 0<br />
e1 = x1<br />
<br />
¡ ¢ ¤ ⊕<br />
x1<br />
£¢ ¢ <br />
<br />
¢ ¢ ⊙ ¢<br />
¢ <br />
<br />
¡ ¢ ⊙ IR 2<br />
79