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3. The Structure of Individual Sections of Zechariah 113
may be intended here. In any case note that the chapter is divided into
two very logical subsections by these marker words:
1-7 And he showed me Joshua the high priest. ..
8a Hear now Joshua the high priest
You and your companions who sit before me. ..
. .. they are men of nsin
8b-10 . .. they will call, a man to his companion, under vine and under fig
tree.
This gives preliminary support to the division recognized by most
scholars, as noted above. It would be possible to divide the chapter
into vv. 1-5 (about Joshua) and vv. 6-10 (to Joshua) as Keil does. 1
Structural, as well as form-critical considerations suggest that the
primary division in the final writer's mind was vv. 1-7, 8-10. This is
not to deny further subdivisions or the new element in v. 6.
There seems to be some significance in the use of the expressions
rjQ 1 ? and IDJJ:
la Joshua was standing before the angel of Yahweh
1 b the opposer/accuser was standing at his right hand to oppose/accuse him
3b Joshua (in dirty garments) was standing before the angel
This forms a self-contained section on its own through the three word
inclusio. The last phrase is unnecessary to the sense, and the editors of
BHS want to delete it. 2 They have certainly noted the phrase as a mark
of some sort.
In vv. 4-7 we have the following situation:
4a And he (the angel) said to those who were standing before him
(Joshua)
(Joshua has his clothes changed)
1. See, e.g., Meyers, Haggai, Zechariah, pp. 178-79, 222-24 (vv. 8-10 are a
'Supplementary Oracle'); Rudolph, Haggai, pp. 93-94, 99-100 ('ein weiteres
Heilswort').
2. This is of course characteristic of their approach: what Muilenburg might have
called 'form criticism and not beyond'. BHS wants to delete (or at least note as
'prb add') several other phrases that we have thought to be significant, notably 'and
you shall know that Yahweh of hosts has sent me' in 2.13, 15; 4.9 and
6.15;. . .D'arom in 10.11 (from 9.4 mistakenly); -IDK mrr -]*ba\ in 3.3, 5; itfni
-QKQ is regarded as a gloss in 9.8.